Feet First Hoof Care & Rehab

27/07/2022

4 weeks out of steel for this absolutely beautiful little jumper mare 😍

This is her right hind foot, and in just 4 weeks we are seeing a ton of exciting progress! By taking her excessively long and tall toe back in both height and length, she’s been able to improve her posture and start to grow some functional heel. While we are still working with a palmar P3 angle that is likely too low - indicated by the profile of the dorsal wall which is still bullnosed, the bulge and dip at the quarter, the steep coronary band, and the hoof rings that are wider at the toe than the heel - all of these external indicators are significantly less extreme than they were just a few weeks ago. Hooves are so elastic and resilient - when we give them the input they need, they are pretty amazing at responding.

I don’t work with a ton of performance horses who are in active training and competition, so it’s been fun - and a bit of a learning curve! - to play around with the right set up for this wonderful mare. We’ve still got some tweaking to do to get it just right, but luckily her owner is as dedicated and lovely as they come and is all in for the journey to get this gal’s feet in ship shape!

03/07/2022

How quickly can we effect positive change in a foot?

When the right things are in place - pretty darn quick!

This horse had an infection that caused intermittent severe lameness and resulted in significant bone loss of P3 (the coffin bone).

Though it was an initial challenge to figure out what was going on with him (concurrent hind-end issues didn’t exactly *help* with diagnostics), we’ve been able to help this hoof go from the top image to the bottom in a little under 9 weeks.

After a thorough white line resection - performed with Dr. Jeannine DeLuca of Avon Animal Hospital - this little guy spent some time booted and wrapped in a diaper to keep the resected area clean and dry and allow us access for continued treatment.

When we were certain there was no lingering or secondary infection, he went into a glue on package that let us stabilize the capsule via casting and direct glue, while giving him the mechanics and support he needed to start healing.

After a week or so of adjustment to his new feet, he has been getting sounder by the day 🥳.

So how do you make these changes in 9 weeks?

➡️ Diagnostics to pinpoint the issue

➡️ Collaboration and support between vets, owner, and hoof care provider - helping horses is a team sport!

➡️ A trim (and in this case shoeing package) that is going to appropriately support healing and get the horse set up for success

➡️ Tip top aftercare and management. Owners and facility management have to be engaged to make sure conditions are right for the horse to continue improving. Easier said than done, sometimes, and this horse could not be luckier in that regard.

Add a little luck 🍀 and you’re off to the races! (Or in this little 🍊‘s case, maybe off to the dressage arena again soon!)

25/06/2022

Life’s been… busy lately. Busy is good, and hard, and not always when I shine with keeping on top of things.

But even in the busiest of busy times, I’m so, so, so lucky to get to spend time with outrageously cool creatures, like my new best friend, Tiny.

When someone says they have a draft who is a bit overdue I always have an internal struggle about whether I want to take that horse on. I love drafts for their kind souls and often very smart sensitive personalities. But the wear and tear on my body when a draft is even the tiniest bit ill behaved is no joke.

Pretty glad I decided to have time for Tiny, who picked up his feet from the lightest little tap on his leg and held them up like a total gentleman. He didn’t mind that my hoofstand is technically way too small for his gigantic tootsies, and even stood ground tied through his whole trim 💕

If every horse could be as chill and polite as this guy, this dream job of mine would be even dreamier!

06/05/2022

Centre of the limb vs centre of the foot!

Some feet and legs make for cool optical illusions. This interesting hoof/limb combo belongs to an elderly Arabian mare who was injured as a very young horse. Despite the wonkiness (technical term), this is a very functional foot: the mare is comfortable and stable, often choosing to canter and gallop in her pasture. She is not riding sound, but she enjoys her life as a pasture pet and is well loved.

This was my first trim with her, and she was fairly overdue. My focus was on paying attention to how she lands and loads on this funky foot and maintaining her comfort and mobility on all four feet!

I love hooves that make me reconsider ideas about what functionality means and that need me to get equally analytical and creative 🎉

30/04/2022

Severe capsular rotation + phalangeal rotation + minimal sole depth = ??

In this beautiful girl’s case, 12 months out from the start of her first laminitic episode, 7 months since the radiograph in the first picture was taken and I got to team up with the most dedicated owner / barn owner team imaginable, and 4 months since starting treatment for PPID…. all that comes out to being sound and comfy walking out barefoot over gravel!

As we passed the one year mark of dutifully changing boots, soaking, packing with clay, etc. her owner was rightfully ready to tap out of the boot game and asked if we could apply composite shoes. Partway through our trim I stopped to really stare at the big frog, thick dense sole, and overall… healthy (!!) foot in front of me and asked if we could take our girl for a spin in the arena. As she crunched over great big sharp pieces of gravel on the walk to the ring, I had seen just about all I needed to see.

We’ll monitor her comfort carefully, but with her EMS and PPID under careful management (note her grazing muzzle, aka her favourite accessory 😬) I am very hopeful she will remain sound and comfortable with just her own feet to stand on!

This mare is a really great example of the kind of rehab that is possible when owners, vets, hoof care providers, and facility owners can come together as a team and work for the horse.

26/04/2022

The big, beautiful foot in this picture belongs to gorgeous Belgian mare, Lady.

Heavy horses carry tremendous weight on each of their feet which makes them prone to flare - and not only in the hoof wall where we might tend to think of flare occurring. Bars are equally susceptible to flare (they are in fact a continuation of the wall!). When bars flare and lay over onto the sole, they can trap dirt, grit, even little pebbles underneath them which easily turn into abscesses.

Lady’s bars were quite overgrown and she’d been experiencing some soreness. When I trimmed her medial (inside) bar on the right hind an abscess immediately started to drain. I gently explored around the abscess and found that it was a very shallow track. No need to go digging and introducing more gunk into the foot. The drainage, which you can see in this picture, had pretty much run dry by the time this foot was trimmed.

Oftentimes I hear hoof care providers advocating leaving bars alone as they can provide depth and protection for the back of the foot. While there are absolutely situations when leaving some flared bar is the better choice, cleaning them up is my preference when possible - and on a big solid foot like this, I think it’s absolutely critical!

21/04/2022

Pulled shoes off this truly adorable foot (and its partners!) today.

He was working very hard to be patient with all the fuss and earned lots of breaks to put his feet down, so this shot features some dirt in a supporting role ⭐️😊

I love how clearly this picture shows where the frog had stretched forward and welded to the sole at the apex. The green outline shows where it *looked* like the frog was. Mapping and seeing the true ratios of this foot made me suspicious that the frog was telling a few white lies 🐸. Some gentle exploration at the apex showed an area of exfoliation and I was able to get closer to the true apex of the frog. The area I exfoliated to is outlined in pink.

The purple outlines the central sulcus, with the horizontal purple lines projecting the length of that sulcus doubled forward - which shows us where our true frog apex should actually be!

This foot is fairly fragile, so a gentle exfoliation was the most I wanted to do. My priority was preserving frog mass while removing flaps and opening crevices that could harbour microbes.

This sweet friend got a good antimicrobial treatment, had his feet packed with artimud, and got wrapped up in some cute little diapers and into boots for a cycle. Aside from a frog tidy, the only trimming he got was a gentle round up where his walls had broken and chipped. Over the next 4 weeks he’ll have regular antimicrobial treatment and a bit of a diet overhaul. He was super comfy in his new kicks, and I’m excited to reassess next cycle!

03/04/2022

Before and After?

Nope! We’re looking at two “before” shots.

Huge difference in cycle length?

Also nope! The first picture was after a consistent 6 week cycle, the second after a few months of a consistent 5 week cycle.

The difference here between a hoof that’s crying for a trim at the end of a cycle and one that’s still holding it’s own comes down to knowing how to read internal anatomy in the external hoof capsule in order to effectively manage distortion without removing anything critical to a horse’s comfort.

Being too conservative in our trim may give us the short term gain of knowing we’re not causing immediate discomfort, but the trade off is to be constantly chasing distortion and never making real progress toward a more compact, functional foot.

Mapping a foot in three dimensions is a key piece of my approach to hoof care and means that I can be accurate and intentional in the material I remove and the material I leave behind.

Prettier before pictures for me 📸

More functional tootsies for my critters 🐴

Win win!!

30/03/2022

It’s been great gearing back up to work, and the next week and a bit are packed to the gills to fit everyone in before I head out for some top notch continuing education: first, a clinic put on by The Humble Hoof which I could not be more excited about, and then off to PA to spend a few days with mentor, friend, and all around hoof-wizard Daisy Alexis Bicking

All told I’m out of town for about a week, from the 8-14. I’ll be doing checking messages as I can - and promise you’ll hear from me by the 15th if I miss ya while I’m gone!

27/03/2022

When we succeed in improving hoof comfort, function, and form, what kinds of changes might we see elsewhere?

Postural compensation has an intimate relationship with hoof distortion and pathology. While causation can be a chicken-and-egg scenario, my focus is on improving the hoof part of the equation, and I *love* seeing horses start to make positive adjustments to their posture as we make progress with their feet!

This TB boy is a classic example of camped under, or goat-on-a-rock* posture. Common contributing factors to this compensatory posture are:

Long front toes ✅
Painful, thrushy frogs on front feet ✅

Horses’ nervous systems perceive excess toe length as similar to standing up hill. This causes them to lean out over their front legs, which is often exacerbated by trying to unload painful caudal tissues. To counterbalance, the hind end steps under which often leads to overloaded, crushed heels, low or negative plantar angles, and excess toe *height*

When this postural compensation becomes habitual, the effects on the entire body can be significant. Rather than using deep postural stabilizer muscles + gravity to stand up, the horse uses mobilizer muscles simply to stand still. This is extremely energy expensive (uses more calories), not to mention overtaxing on the joints, muscles, and other soft tissues involved. These horses are often sore through their SI and LS regions, sensitive through their backs, and while they may continue to perform athletically there’s no doubt it costs them a great deal.

Compare our handsome model’s before and after posture shots and notice the angle of his canon bones relative to the ground. Our goal is for all 4 canon bones to be perpendicular to the ground creating a “leg at each corner” stable posture. We’re not quite there yet - but we’re coming leaps and bounds!

I have not documented his hind foot progress which I truly regret - but here are some shots of his left front from the same days as his full body pictures. We’re losing toe length and gaining functional caudal tissue + vertical depth. A thing of beauty!

Much much love to this sweet boy’s owner for her eagle eye for every little detail of her horses’ comfort and her equal dedication to helping them improve 💕

*”Goat on a Rock” is a term coined by Dr Judith Shoemaker whose work on postural compensation is fascinating!

26/03/2022

Perfect forelock? ✅

Perfect feet? ✅

Perfect for her trims? ✅

Sweet Angel really was angelic for me as I ease back into work!

19/03/2022

While I’m still on strict orders not to do anything more strenuous than look at horses, cool hoof pics are out for a little while longer… so let’s talk about diet instead!!

I’d love to say that my trimming and shoeing techniques are the magic touch that fixes every horse I work on - but the reality is that even the best hoof care provider in the world can only work with the foot in front of them. It’s up to owners to help their horses grow the strongest foot possible - and all the horses in my care who have come the furthest have all made the biggest leaps by adjusting their diet!

I recommend the same basic diet for all of my clients: plenty of hay (starting at 1.5%-2% of body weight), a high quality mineral balancer, and calories added as-needed via timothy cubes/pellets, flax, and molasses free beet pulp. Zero added iron, and keeping sugar and starch low (specifically, ESC + starch under 10% with starch under 4%). If any metabolic issues are suspected, add hay testing to the list to ensure it has appropriately low levels of sugar and starch.

It might sound lazy to recommend the same thing horse to horse. And I spend a lot of time gently trying to get folks to let go of the 73 supplements they use and the grain that their “hard keeper” (usually code for thoroughbred 😂) really NEEDS.

But here is the secret… even with all the nuances and idiosyncrasies and unique things about all our horses. They are, at the end of the day… horses! Feeding a forage-based, mineral-balanced diet isn’t about being “more natural” and it doesn’t only work for easy-keeper types. Not much that we do with horses is “natural” - but we can strive to be as species-appropriate as possible! When it comes to diet that means respecting how a horse’s digestive system has spent millions of years adapting to work.

If your horse is having hoof problems of any kind - sensitivity, persistent thrush, a tendency to shelly, brittle walls, white line separation… the list goes on! The first place to look is what’s going into growing those hooves.

And as for those hard keepers (yes, EVEN the TBs and TBXs!), here’s my gigantic 5/8 TB lad: zero grain for the last 2 years, and officially declared “a little chunky” at his annual check up this year 😱😂

10/03/2022

Hello to my lovely clients: I am unexpectedly out of commission for a short time after emergency surgery (totally fine now!) I’ll know more about when I can be back on the go shortly. I’ll be contacting you individually for reschedules and to check in. Kiss all your ponies for me, and I’ll see ya soon!

12/02/2022

You don’t *have* to be an orange 🍊 thoroughbred to be on my books, but we’re certainly developing a trend!

Orange TB #3 came out of steel and into nailed Duplos with sole packing. Small spikes in the heel give him extra grip on the ice and have the added benefit of ever so slightly elevating his heel, helping with phalangeal alignment.

This set up gives him depth off the ground, supports the internal structures of his foot, allows for improved expansion of the hoof capsule during movement, and helps bring his footprint back underneath his limb.

A first step of many, but a step in the right direction!

02/02/2022

Tackling severe pathology is a way better team sport than a solo venture. I’m super glad to be on this case with pal, excellent farrier, and mentor who gave me my very first rasp, Richard Benson.

Angie is an elderly Quarter Horse who has had some major major hoof problems over the last few years.

Angie’s most significant issue has been chronic foundering. The cause is unknown but Angie shows many clinical signs of PPID, also called equine cushings, which puts horses at increased risk for laminitis.

Our first crack at helping Angie was to focus on getting her a little more comfortable first by removing a whooole whack of extra toe which was creating extra leverage on all her soft tissue and joints.

Next, we used soft dental impression material to pad her sore, thin sole and casted over to keep it in place and also remove some shear force from her weak, overtaxed wall.

We did not have a boot in stock that fit Angie well, and even with sedation, Angie was not able to keep her foot off the ground long enough for a shoeing package, which would have allowed us to add more vertical depth.

The good news is that Angie is moving about much more freely than before, and seems way way comfier!

Her rehab is going to take a long time and include approaching her issues from a number of angles, which I hope to share here as we progress!

Pictures are Angie’s right front, before trimming, after trimming, and with cast in place. Unfortunately my photography skills pooped out for an “after” solar view but the “before” is pretty interesting!

30/01/2022

Who doesn’t love an orange 🍊 TB progress picture on a Sunday?

Hind feet often distort differently than their front-end counterparts, and this little guy is a great example!**

We’ve all heard of a horse having “low angles” and might associate that with an image of a very flat looking foot with a loooong toe.

Hind feet often don’t fit that picture because of how they are loaded in comparison to front feet, particularly in common compensatory postures and movement. Heels are often overloaded and crushed, and instead of a long splayed out toe, we get a toe that has way too much vertical height - a toe that is too *tall* rather than too *long*, which I often hear mistaken for “a good strong big foot!”

The “before” picture of this right hind shows two very common characteristics of a hind foot that is struggling with low angles.

The blue outlines the “bullnose” or convex profile associated with a low angled hind foot. This is caused by the coffin bone putting pressure on the hoof wall as the distal tip of the bone rotates proximally. At the heel, you can see that the growth is at a very different angle from the toe as it crushes from overload.

The hairline, outlined in pink, is very steep and takes a nose dive toward the heel as the structures at the back of the foot fall further into dysfunction.

Compare to our current picture - the dorsal hoof wall has a significantly straighter profile and the hairline is more relaxed and and a much shallower angle to the ground compared to the first image. The growth at the heel is much closer to the angle of the growth at the toe as load is distributed more appropriately.

The rehab for this fellow has included booting, composite shoes both glued and nailed, dietary changes, the involvement of a vet team who have supported him through issues out of my jurisdiction, and a SUPER dedicated and patient owner. We still have a ways to go, but we’re trialling him barefoot again, and so far we have a happy, comfy horse! 🤞🥳

**please note - the before image is taken at the end of a shoeing cycle and is not at all an image for assessing the shoeing job. Just as the rehab has been many faceted, the contributing factors to his issues were many in number! The focus here is on the physical characteristics of the hooves and how we can use them to assess hoof health.

27/01/2022

Worked on beautiful Angie with Richard Benson today, and had the truly talented Candice Benson along documenting the process (also being my brownie-eating complementary ideal and being hilarious and the most fun as usual).

Stay tuned for more foot-focused pics but please enjoy these previews of the process aka: when I smacked Richard in the face with my out of control top knot while we were tag teaming artimud application, and me & Ange having a moment to frown together and appreciate how much it sucks to have sore tootsies.

25/01/2022

“I don’t think my horse needs a trim yet, his feet look fine!”**

When 5 or 6 weeks go by and your next trim appointment is around the corner and you look at your horse’s nice tidy feet, sometimes it’s tempting to push the appointment.

Don’t do it!

This beautiful little mare was just past the 6 week mark and her feet looked pretty lovely! No significant flare, not a chip in sight, and she was sound and happy as always.

So why was it important to trim her today?

Excess foot - whether height, length, or both - is excess leverage on joints and soft tissue. In a lovely non distorted foot like this, our trim is essentially mimicking the wear her foot would receive if she were to roam miles over varied terrain like her wild ancestors (she says she much prefers her 3 meter walk between round bale and water trough, thanks very much).

If we wait until a foot distorts - and even the strongest, nicest foot will - we are opening the door for microbial infection to invade the separation created by flaring and cracking. Or for a limb to suffer undue tendon stress. Or for a minor case of thrush in the frog that could be caught quickly by your Hoofcare pro to turn into a deep, painful infection that compromises your horse’s comfort and biomechanics.

If we wait for a foot to start crying out for a trim, every trim is going to be about chasing distortion, not making improvements or maintaining a great healthy hoof.

So don’t push those appointments! If your horses’ feet look great at 5 or 6 weeks, say a little thank you to the fates that govern horses (and maybe your hoof care pro 😉) and keep ‘em on the books!

**this mare just has a great example foot and only ever goes over schedule because of weather or me being a scatterbrain!

23/01/2022

Super satisfying trim on super pony, Larry! 💕💕

Larry had an acute laminitic episode in 2021 but has been essentially stable since. Today was our first trim, and I’m excited to help get his (extremely cute) feet back in tip top shape.

Larry has been comfortable and happy on his hooves even over tough footing like the frozen lumpy ground Nova Scotia is blessing us with this January 🙄 so my goal was to preserve that comfort while tackling some of the distortions caused by foundering.

Today we brought toe length back, got rid of a lot of extra wall length, and cleaned up an overgrown frog and distorted heel and bar. There’s an argument for bringing his toe back more aggressively, but with an older pony who is comfortable, I think a conservative approach has its merits!

Larry walked off even happier than before his trim, so I think we got his stamp of approval. 🦄 💕

19/01/2022

This is such a great exploration and explanation of these two related but distinct issues!

Alignment versus Palmar/Plantar Angle

There has been a lot of recent awareness into negative palmar and plantar angles, as well as broken back HPA and phalangeal alignment. I think owner education into this is great, and more knowledge can help in identifying possible issues with our horses. That being said, some owners are getting the concepts a bit mixed up, so I wanted to clarify a few things.

I have had a handful of people (not clients) reach out to me and say their horse "is NPA," but once they send the rads along, I notice that the horse actually doesn't have negative palmar or plantar angles at all, but instead simply has a broken back phalangeal alignment.

So what is NPA?
A negative palmar (front feet) or plantar (hind feet) angle refers to the angle between the ground and the coffin bone. When drawing a horizontal line parallel to the ground plane, and another line parallel to the bottom of the coffin bone, these two lines will create an angle. If the back half of the coffin bone is closer to the ground than the front half, that angle is labeled negative. If the front half is closer to the ground, that angle is labeled positive. With a negative angle, a vet can diagnose NPA.

When it comes to phalangeal alignment, we name it based on the comparison to a straight alignment (although truly straight alignment is rarely found on radiographs). If you draw a line through the middle of the long pastern bone, or P1, parallel to the bone, a straight alignment would be if this line also was parallel through the short pastern bone (P2), and parallel to the dorsal aspect of the coffin bone (P3). A horse would have 'broken back phalangeal alignment' if P1/P2/P3 are not aligned within the limb/capsule, and to put it as simply as possible, the joints between them look as though someone has stood in front of the limb and pushed the joint back toward the tail. In more anatomical terms, P1 might have a more acute/upright angle than P2, and P2 would have a more acute/upright angle than P3.

I have attached 2 radiographs here to show these two issues.

In the radiograph on the left of a hind foot, this horse's coffin bone is tipped backwards in comparison to the ground plane, resulting in a -.21° angle, which can be diagnosed as NPA. You can see the back half of the coffin bone is closer to the ground then the front half. Note that this horse also has broken back alignment.

In the radiograph on the right of a front foot (different horse), we can see the palmar angle is 9.12°, showing a very clear positive palmar angle. That being said, P1/P2/P3 are out of alignment- if we started at the top crosshair and followed the green line to the ground, the bones do not continue parallel with that line and end up ahead of that line, at a shallower angle. This horse has a broken back alignment.

While some often address these two issues similarly, they aren't the same, and we should be careful with our comments and 'diagnoses' online and elsewhere- not all horses with broken back HPA or phalangeal alignment have NPA.

Radiograph mark ups are thanks to MetronHoof from EponaMind- Epona has done many studies with their radiograph database, and John Craig has some very interesting findings - you can hear more in the archives of talks on their website!

08/01/2022

Alfalfa is a tricky subject - many horse people love and swear by it for everything from weight gain for hard keepers to ulcer management - the focus of this great article by Dr. Kellon.

I often recommend removing alfalfa from a horse’s diet if they are having *any* hoof soreness issues. It is a known trigger for laminitis in horses with insulin resistance, and often causes foot soreness (aka low grade laminitis) in horses with hooves that are struggling for any number of reasons - sometimes in horses with lovely, healthy feet, too! The mechanism for this is not known, but the causal link is well accepted.

One of the biggest reasons clients resist this recommendation is that they feed alfalfa for ulcer prevention and/or management. Dr. Kellon here cites several papers that complicate that claim quite effectively.

The most common thing I’ve heard (from clients and fellow horse folks!) is that alfalfa “buffers” stomach acid (aka neutralizes H+ ions). Usually this is attributed to the high calcium and/or magnesium in alfalfa - but it turns out that it’s actually salts of Mg and Ca, like magnesium oxide or calcium carbonate, that can neutralize (buffer) acid due to their negative charge. Mg and Ca themselves have positive charges, and cannot buffer the H+ ions of stomach acid.

Some good food for thought!

Alfalfa has a reputation of helping treat or prevent gastric ulcers in horses but where is the proof? The evidence is weak for alfalfa being better than grass hay or pasture in horses with EGUS EGU…

06/01/2022

1. Make glue technique video for a friend and colleague

2. Decide it’s much funnier if you sound like a chipmunk

3. Sparkles!

As an added bonus, my very bad horse pawing in the background 🤷‍♀️🐎

05/01/2022

Excited to share a little bit more of my work on my favourite foundered mare 💕

Just before the holidays this sweet girl had an acute episode of laminitis after several months of relative stability following a severe founder in the summer. We’d been making some steady progress, but new radiographs showed me how much opportunity we had to improve even further.

I put together a trim plan with a mentor of mine, and once the mare was stable, I got to work!

I thought this series was a great way to illustrate how we trim to internal structures, and fun to get a little x-Ray vision!

19/12/2021

Objective assessment is one of our greatest tools in rehab & care. Radiographs don’t have an ego or an opinion - they just tell it like it is!

This horse had a significant laminitic event this summer. She had both phalangeal and capsular rotation (meaning, basically, the hoof capsule was out of alignment with the bones, and the bones were out of alignment with each other). This happens when the laminae, the structures in the hoof that act literally like Velcro to keep the coffin bone snugly in place, become inflamed. In severe cases, like this sweet mare’s, the bone detaches from the hoof wall and rotates downward.

So what do these rads, taken 4 months apart, tell us about our trimming approach? What changes have we made and what do we still need to improve upon?

🔹 We’ve improved phalangeal alignment - from a “broken forward” hoof pastern axis to a pretty straight one!

🔹 Palmar angle is within ideal range of 5-8 degrees. This means her coffin bone is no longer at such a severe angle relative to the ground.

What do we need to improve?

🔸 Our ratio of heel to toe support is still way out of whack thanks to what’s known as laminar wedge. This is disorganized keratin that sort of “fills in” the area created by rotation of the coffin bone. This “wedge” material is insensitive and often filled with serum pockets and little gnarly pockets of goop (technical term). As you can see from the blunt angle at the toe on the current (right side) radiograph, I’ve been slowly addressing the wedge and bringing it back.

Having this up to date view into the state of the hoof gives me the information I need to make some bigger changes and help restore capsular alignment even further, which will bring our heel:toe ratio to a much better place!