How To Maximize The Use Of Food Treats

We all know somebody who’s got a dog that only listens when food is shown to them. Or even worse a dog who simply doesn’t listen even when treats are on offer. Maybe it's you and your dog?

Sometimes it really does seem like the only way to get your dog to listen to you is to bribe them, and that just doesn’t feel right. Well the good news is that it doesn’t have to be this way and the solution certainly isn’t complicated… as you’re going to see.

Here’s four very simply tricks that I’ve picked up from leading dog trainer, Doggy Dan, that make so much sense and have transformed my own way of training and motivating my dog. I’ve seen this in action so I know it all works.

1. The Jackpot:

The first secret is simply this… Dogs are far more motivated and excited by food rewards when the size of the reward varies. In other words it's much better to give your dog a couple of smaller treats followed by a big one than just to give small ones all the time. I know it sounds so simple and yet I can promise you that 95% of dog owners are giving their dog the same boring treat every time!

That’s right, the surprise is everything! And here’s why…

How many times have you been more excited when you are told that you are going to get a present than when you actually open it up and get the present! Think about it. When people play the lottery and buy a ticket the excitement builds as soon as you have your ticket… Then the excitement continues to increase right up to the point when the numbers are announced. Then you realize that you’ve NOT won the $24 Million Jackpot…maybe next time.

Still we buy a ticket the following week. Why?

Because we are holding out for the jackpot!

It's the small chance that we may win something really big that keeps people buying tickets again and again. And it's the same for your dog. If you very occasionally call your dog over and give him the biggest reward of his life they will remember if for a long time. Your training will probably go onto turbo boost performance for many weeks.

Doggy Dan tells a story he calls the “The story of the magic sausage” about a man who used to feed his dog off the BBQ. Not surprisingly his dog sat by it begging for food every time that it was fired up. The recommendation was simply this… Never feed your dog from the BBQ, but later in the day, when the BBQ is turned off and everything cleared away call your dog to you when they are not expecting it. Then as soon as they arrive out of the blue give them a whole sausage.

Your dog will look at you and think…“WOW. You can produce sausages out of thin air!”

The magic sausage story is a great example of using a jackpot to motivate a dog to another level. You will not need to use many to get them second guessing every time you call them if it's going to be a big treat. The result: They will be totally motivated and come running every time.

Of course a whole sausage may be too much if you only have a tiny dog but you get the idea. This trick makes the use of food far more exciting, and motivating for your dog than the old “one dry biscuit, one dry biscuit, one dry biscuit” approach.

2. What is even better to a dog than one big sausage?

Now the second secret to using food to motivate your dog actually builds upon secret number one which is the jackpot. That's where we use a whole sausage as a reward.

Now I am actually going to suggest that you make that jackpot of one whole sausage even more appealing to your dog. How could you possibly do that without giving the dog two sausages I hear you ask!

The solution is this… Chop the sausage into a handful of nice pieces, maybe 5 or 6. Now when your dog gets the Jackpot feed them into your dogs mouth, one after another as if all their Christmas’ have come at once.

Your dog will not believe their luck. To them getting 5 or 6 pieces is far more rewarding than getting one whole sausage which they probably will swallow in a couple of mouthfuls.

So now you know the answer to the question what is even better to a dog than a whole sausage? Answer: A whole sausage chopped into five or six pieces…

3. Not all food is created equal:

Do you like Lemon Meringue pie best or Chocolate Pudding? Dogs, like people, all have their favorite food treats and if you want your dog to perform like a rock star then find out what spins their wheels!

There is a huge difference in performance between a dog who’s totally motivated to win the reward compared to the same dog when they are only half semi-interested. So often that motivation is directly related to whether you are using the same dry biscuits that they ate for breakfast or some new tasting ones.

But it's not just about dry biscuits! You should also think outside the square.

For example, does your dog love a large dog biscuits with some peanut butter spread all over it, does chicken, sausage, bacon or cheese get them doing cart wheels? You could also try some of the healthy manufactured treats.

Of course some of these fattier high end treats may not be especially good for your dog in large quantities, so as with our own diet the volume needs to be monitored. The flip side of this is that since these top end treats are not going to be given out very often so you can actually afford to splash out a bit.

4. Randon rewards:

Most importantly is to keep in mind the end goal that you are going to fade the food treats out over time… until they become very random rewards. Don’t forget! So there you go. Four ways to maximize the use of food when training your dog. If you have enjoyed these then you will just love Doggy Dan's approach to dog training, especially when you actually see it all in action with his videos. There are now over 250!

If you are interested in one of the best dog training methods around at the moment, check out his site here http://outallabout.com/dogtraining/

That’s all for now. Enjoy training with your new empowering knowledge at your finger tips and stay tuned for more in the next few days.

With the 'Easy Way To An Obedient Dog' method, over 28,722 happy dog owners are far less stressed and have created a more loving relationship with their dog...

14/03/2017

[NEW POST] Solving The Costliest Mistake

14/03/2017

The Easy Way To An Obedient Dog

The Biggest And Costliest Mistake Puppy Owners Make

Don’t make the mistake that so many puppy owners are making today. This mistake is far too common and far too serious to ignore. I received this email yesterday and I decided that it was too important for me not to share with you because it could save you from a lot of heart ache and wasted money.

You see right now, all around the world, thousands of people are enrolling their new puppies into puppy pre-school, puppy training classes and will then possibly progress to dog obedience. But really, why are they doing all this? Well, ultimately the thinking is that they end up with good, well-behaved dogs who are safe and under control.

So what if I told you that attending all these classes, spending hundreds of dollars absolutely does NOT mean that you'll automatically achieve this. That’s right…what people tend to learn at obedience school is how to get their dogs to follow commands in a sterile environment.

Sure there is some socialization, which is great if it's done right. But the really important information is often completely overlooked. For example understanding how to become and remain the pack leader and PREVENT serious issues as your puppy grows up is kind of crucial.

What you want is a method of training that works when they are young and then continues to work as your dog grows up. Unfortunately though here is a classic example of a lovely lady who's spent hundreds of dollars puppy training and is now looking for help.

Total cost of training so far is probably close to $500! Now she is wanting help to understand how to stop the following serious issues: BARKING, GROWLING, FIXATIONS, NIPPING FOR ATTENTION, CAN’T RELAX, FOLLOWING EVERYWHERE.

So I ask you again…what was the point of puppy pre-school and puppy training? (I am sure that this dog can still do a mighty fine sit and stay!)

Here is her email to me: -----------------------------------------

“Hi there,

For my 30th birthday last year I got a little puppy who, for the most part, has been well behaved. She has done a couple of puppy schools and training classes where she did very well and showed she was a quick learner.

However, over the last few months (she is now 1 and a quarter) her behavior has been getting worse.

Here is a list of her issues at the moment:

- Barking & growling. She is constantly growling out the windows at nothing in particular, anything can set her off - birds, the neighbors chickens, people next door, trees moving, rustling in the bush, dogs down on the beach, kids toys on the lawn next door and imaginary things. Once she starts barking she seems to get fixated on it. This is her biggest problem and it is so frustrating not only to us but I am sure to the neighbors as well. As well as barking at things outside, when she wants attention she will growl/bark/nip at me (only does this with mainly me, sometimes other family members. Is very cuddly at the park with other people).

- She is unable to occupy herself and is constantly following me around. She does not seem to know how to relax and chill out.

- Because of her barking, we can't leave her outside by herself, as she will just bark non-stop.

She has a sweet personality but the barking and attention seeking is very draining and I would like to be able to enjoy having her around again and I am sure she would be happier if she were more independent and relaxed.

Do you think you would be able to come and help us get our lovely little girl back?”

Thanks Christine Wakefield and Poppy

-----------------------------------------

Of course it would be so much easier and far less stressful to have prevented it occurring in the first place. So much time, effort and money has been spent on training the sit, down, stay and look where we have ended up.
The thing that is missing is nobody explained to this new puppy owner the importance of becoming the pack leader, and this is real cause of all these issues…Barking, following the owner, unsettled, nipping etc.

You see when a dog thinks that they are the pack leader they will bark to protect the property. They can end up barking at absolutely nothing as in this case unless you stop it. They will follow their owners around if they think that they are the pack leader to protect them…just like a good mother will keep an eye on her children.

It all links back to becoming the pack leader and learning how to switch your puppy off so they can relax, and enjoy life without any worries because you are in charge.

Training your puppy to understand commands is fun and should be a component of your puppy training but don't let it become the only thing that you focus on. Understand the importance of gaining your dogs respect so that as they grow up they continue to listen.

One of the best sites that you can watch and learn about these really important topics is Doggy Dan’s video website The Online Dog Trainer ---> http://outallabout.com/dogtraining/

In this site you can actually watch Dan raising his very sweet puppy, Moses, from 8 weeks of age right through to 8 months and beyond. It goes on to cover all dog training and dog behavioural problems.

AND whats more, Dan offers a 3 Day $1 trial of the site that YOU can take advantage of, so I suggest the next thing you do today is take a look inside the site!

The site has everything you could ever need when raising a puppy, it’s effectively the video diary of an amazing puppy who is now a fantastic dog.

Don’t wait till things start to go wrong. Prevention is better than cure!

So if you want to save hundreds of dollars…

And want to get the training right first time round,

And avoid all the hassle and stress...

Then I suggest you sign up now for Doggy Dan 3 Day $1 trial of The Online Dog Trainer. The complete dog and puppy training website: CLICK HERE ---> http://outallabout.com/dogtraining/

With the 'Easy Way To An Obedient Dog' method, over 28,722 happy dog owners are far less stressed and have created a more loving relationship with their dog...

04/01/2017

The Easy Way To An Obedient Dog

Become The Pack Leader

Of all the questions that people ask “how to become the pack leader” is the big one! This is by far the most important question how to convince your dog that you are the person in charge. Think of the pack leader as the decision maker - where you should go on the walk, how to behave in different situations and how to respond to all the strange things that are out there.

When you understand how dogs packs work you soon realize the importance, that pack leader makes all the decisions. If you leave it up to your dog then there a big chance that your dog is going to get something’s very wrong and make a mistake!

In order to understand how to become the pack leader you must first recognize that the following means nothing to a dog….

What car you drive, the size of your house, the money you earn or the fact that you speak languages! Your dog would happily swap all of that for a nice snack!

Asking your dog to sit before her dinner falls a long way short of what you need to be achieving to become the pack leader and walking through doorways is only necessary when your dog is on the lead.

Lastly - dominating your dog is certainly not the way to become the pack leader in fact this can back fire badly on you later on if you teach your dog that physical strength is what it is all about. Whilst you may force your dog into submission it will not be convincing your dogs mind that you are worthy of the position and that you should become the pack leader only that you are a bit of a bully.

So how do you become the pack leader? All dogs worldwide, regardless of breed use the same ways to check to establish the pack leader. The best way to learn about how to put it into practice is to watch it being done on video as I have done through one of the video based web sites. The important areas to take control in are the following:

The pack leader will be in total calm control when your dog barks and alerts you to danger. This includes anything that your dog may perceive as dangerous and barks at in and around the property
On the walk your dog should not pull you at a single stage, even the beginning! Learning to walk your dog properly can only really be learnt through video as I have found out!

If you are the pack leader then your dog should be able to relax and switch off completely inside the house. If your dog is always switched on most of the time and can’t relax then that is your dog on pack leader duty!

Getting your dog to switch off is directly connected to how you meet and greet your dog after your return home. You need to watch it on video it is so subtle but it is the difference between being the pack leader or the follower.

Lastly, feeding your dog correctly will establish who is the pack leader and there is much more to it than asking your dog to sit! Also if you have a dog that is “not food motivated” then you may be in for a surprise!

There is one site that shows you – using video – exactly how to become the pack leader and how crucial it is to changing any behavioral issue.

One of the best sites that shows you all of this and more is Crazy Dogs, CLICK HERE: http://outallabout.com/dogtraining/

With the 'Easy Way To An Obedient Dog' method, over 28,722 happy dog owners are far less stressed and have created a more loving relationship with their dog...

01/01/2017

The Easy Way To An Obedient Dog

Living With a Blind Dog

Blindness is a health condition that can affect dogs of all ages. Some dogs are completely blind while others on have a partial loss of vision. There are many reasons for vision loss in dogs and, therefore, a number of ways to address the blindness. It can be very upsetting for a dog owner to learn a beloved companion has become blind. Fortunately, there are things you can do. Learn how to help your blind or visually impaired dog by educating yourself about blindness in dogs. You are your dog's advocate and the best person to help your dog adjust to life without vision.

How Can I Tell If My Dog is Going Blind?

In some cases, it is very obvious that a dog is blind or has very poor vision. The dog bumps into walls and other objects, has trouble seeing toys or food, and does not make eye contact. Dogs with poor vision are often reluctant to jump up to or down from heights. They may seem uneasy in new places and act clingy to their owners. Some blind dogs understandably feel more vulnerable and may show signs of fear or even aggression in order to protect themselves.

In other cases, especially when the onset of blindness is more gradual, dogs learn and adapt to the vision loss and show few signs there is a problem. This is why it's so important to bring your dog to the veterinarian regularly for routine wellness exams. It may be possible for your vet to detect small changes in your dog's eyes during the exam. Treatment may be available to stop your dog from completely losing vision. If the vision impairment is irreversible, your vet can help you and your dog adjust. If you suspect your dog is having trouble with vision, contact your vet right away.

What Causes Blindness in Dogs?

There are many reasons dogs lose vision. Some dogs are born blind, either due to a hereditary disease or a congenital disorder (meaning the dog was born with it). Other dogs become blind as a result of injury or illness. Certain dog breeds are predisposed to congenital diseases or acquired diseases that affect the vision. However, any dog can be affected by vision problems. Some dogs gradually lose their vision due to aging changes. Blindness is a fairly common health problem in senior dogs. The following conditions are just a few of the known causes of blindness in dogs:

Cataracts cause gradual vision loss as cloudiness develops in the lens of the eye. Certain dog breeds are predisposed to cataracts. Diabetes is sometimes a precursor. Cataracts can often be surgically removed by a veterinary ophthalmologist.

Glaucoma causes a painful increase of the pressure inside one or both eyes. Treatment can relieve some pressure and pain. Glaucoma may progress to a point where medication are not effective and the eye must be surgically removed. Progression of glaucoma may cause the eye to rupture. Diabetes often causes glaucoma in dogs, especially if the diabetes is not well-regulated.

Sudden Acquired Retinal Degeneration Syndrome causes acute blindness but is not painful. There is no cure or treatment available for SARDS.

Progressive Retinal Atrophy is a hereditary disease that causes a gradual loss of vision. PRA causes degeneration of the retina and is neither painful nor life-threatening. Unfortunately, there is no known cure or treatment available for PRA.

Retinal detachment may be caused by elevated blood pressure, tumor, trauma, and inflammation. Surgery may be an option in some situations. Other times, the blindness is permanent.

Corneal ulcers, if left untreated, can do enough damage to cause vision loss or blindness in the affected eye.

Anophthalmia is a congenital disease in which dogs are born without eyes.

Microphthalmia is a congenital disease that causes a dog to be born with small, underdeveloped eyes that result in poor vision or no vision.

Brain disease can affect the optical nerve and impair the vision. Examples include a tumor in the brain, a seizure disorder, or some other disease of the brain.

Trauma that causes a puncture, abrasion, or swelling of the eye can lead to blindness, especially if left untreated.

Macular degeneration is a degenerative condition of the macula (a part of the retina). This is a common cause of gradual vision loss in aging dogs.

Of course, there are other diseases that can cause blindness. Signs of eye conditions may include eye redness, swelling, cloudiness, squinting, spasms, pawing or rubbing of the eyes, excessive tearing and/or discharge, and various other symptoms. If you suspect your dog is having any trouble with his eyes and/or vision, be sure to get to the vet as soon as you can. Without treatment, many ophthalmic diseases can progress rapidly and cause irreversible damage.

Can Blind Dogs Be Cured?

In many cases, blindness is an irreversible process in dogs. However, treatment does depend on the cause of the blindness. For example, if your dog is blind because of cataracts, then surgery can often be done to restore or improve vision. However, if your dog suddenly became blind due to SARDS, then treatment is not an option. Talk to your veterinarian about the best treatment and preventive options for your dog. Even if your dog cannot be treated, your vet can offer advice about helping your dog adjust. Your vet may also refer you to a veterinary ophthalmologist for an expert opinion and advanced diagnostics.

Living With a Blind Dog

You may be surprised to learn that blind dogs can live very normal, happy lives. Like blind people, dogs learn to adapt to the environment and rely on their other senses to navigate through the world. Most blind dogs adjust fairly quickly to their surroundings. Some go through a more difficult transition period, but most eventually get along just fine. Blindness alone is not a reason to euthanize a dog.

Dogs with gradually vision loss can usually learn to adapt over time, often without too much owner involvement. Many people don't even notice these dogs are going blind until they move around the furniture or bring their dogs to a new place.

When a dog loses vision suddenly, the signs are more dramatic and the dog needs more support. These dogs bump into things and startle easily. They need more protection and guidance from their owners.

Whether your dog has acute blindness or a gradual onset of vision loss, consider the following tips to help your dog adjust and stay safe:

Check your home and yard for hazards. Remove any sharp, breakable, and dangerous objects that your dog may encounter.

Keep your dog's water and food bowls in the same location. It's important that your blind dog can always find water. In addition, this area can act as a sort of "home base" to help your dog navigate the rest of the house.

Avoid moving furniture or placing new objects near walkways in your dog's environment. If anything gets moved temporarily, make sure to put it back. If you must rearrange furniture, slowly walk your dog through the area on a leash first so he becomes acclimated safely.

Keep stairs and other dangerous areas blocked off with baby gates or other barricades to prevent falls, especially until your dog gets the lay of the land.

Place different textures of rugs and mats in front of steps, bowls, and other obstacles to alert your dog.

It can take a little while for your recently blind dog to get used to stairs again. Help him by putting him on a leash and walking by his side on the stairs. Use your voice to guide him.

Consider special equipment to help your blind dog, like a "bumper" to protect his face and alert him to obstacles. You can build your own blind dog hoop harness (as demonstrated on HandicappedPets.com) or you can purchase something like Muffin's Halo Guide for Blind Dogs.

Crate train your dog and make the crate a safe, comfortable place. Keep your dog in the crate when alone for safety.

Take walks in familiar areas when possible. Stick to evenly-paved sidewalks and trails without rough terrain.

Don't let your dog get too far ahead of you on walks. Teach loose-leash walking and try to keep your dog by your side using sounds.

Go slowly in unfamiliar areas, especially if there are steps up or down. The "wait" command can be a big help if your dog is approaching an obstacle. Also, consider teaching your dog words like "step up" and "step down" to alert him.

Proper training is essential for blind dogs to help with communication. Most blind dogs can learn easily, especially if they are food-motivated. Use your dog's keen hearing and superior sense of smell in place of visual cues. Good-smelling training treats and clicker training can be especially helpful.

Use verbal cues to guide your dog. Teach your dog as many basic commands as possible.

Socialize your dog well. Even though he cannot see, it's just as important to expose him to many different environments, people, and other animals. This can enable your blind dog to feel less fearful and more relaxed in new situations.

Alert others to approach your dog slowly and to greet your dog with speech. Make sure they let your dog get a good sniff and only touch if your dog is receptive. Consider teaching your dog a phrase like "say hi" to let him know there is a person approaching.

Some owners choose to put a harness or collar on their dogs that say "blind dog" in order to alert the public.

Try not to leave your recently blind dog in an unfamiliar environment or with unfamiliar people when you go out of town. If you must choose a new pet sitter or find a new pet boarding facility to care for your blind dog, spend a little time with him at first while he becomes familiar with the sounds and smells.

Don't forget to play! Just because your dog is blind, it doesn't mean he can't enjoy fun games and toys. Fetch may not be a good option, but games like tug-of-war are great. Choose dog toys that make noise or dispense treats for extra fun.

If your dog is deaf or has poor hearing in addition to blindness, you have a bit more of a challenge on your hands. Use gentle touch and your dog's sense of smell to guide him. You may also wish to try a remote control vibrating collar (NOT a shock collar) for training and guidance.

Be patient. Be consistent. Keep it positive. The adjustment period for a recently blind dog may be shot or long depending on your dog. Don't worry, you will get there!

More info-> http://outallabout.com/dogtraining/

With the 'Easy Way To An Obedient Dog' method, over 28,722 happy dog owners are far less stressed and have created a more loving relationship with their dog...

10/12/2016

I have something special for you...

06/12/2016

The Easy Way To An Obedient Dog

About Lumps and Bumps, Tumors, Growths, and Cysts on Dogs

It's not unusual to find various lumps and bumps on dogs, especially as they enter their senior years. Growths and masses are among the most common health issues seen in older dogs. However, they can also appear in young dogs. What do these growths mean? Are they tumors? Are they cysts? Is it cancer?As a dog owner, it can be helpful for you to understand the different types of lumps, bumps, and growths commonly seen on dogs. However, the most important thing to remember is to seek advice from a trusted veterinarian.

What is Dog Growth, Mass, or Tumor?

Most veterinarians will call any unknown lump or bump a growth, mass, or a tumor. These are general terms that do not indicate whether the growth is malignant or benign. These terms all simply mean there is an abnormal growth of tissue that has appeared on or inside your dog that has some type of shape or substance (mass).

Do not panic if your vet says your dog has a mass, growth, or tumor. In generally, the terms can be used interchangeably, though some vets prefer one word over the other.

Vets may avoid the word tumor when malignancy is not yet known so it is less likely to cause worry for pet owners.

How Vets Diagnose Lumps on Dogs

Owners are most likely to find growths on their dogs during routine grooming or while petting their dogs. If you notice a new growth, lump, or tumor on your dog, contact your vet's office to schedule an examination and consultation. After discussing your dog's medical history, including diet, lifestyle, and any signs of illness, your veterinarian will perform a physical examination.

You might not actually notice that your dog has a growth. This is why it's so important to take your dog to the vet for routine wellness exams. Your vet may be able to find visible masses while examining your dog's skin and body. Your vet may also be able to palpate masses in your dog's abdomen while performing the exam.

Your vet will take a close look at the mass and palpate it if possible. In most cases, your vet will recommend additional diagnostics to try and determine the type of cells that comprise the mass. This usually means collecting samples of the material inside the mass and analyzing it under a microscope. Often, the samples are sent to a lab where a veterinary pathologist can perform a thorough analysis. This test can indicate whether the mass is malignant or benign. If malignant (cancerous) it can determine they type of cancer present. Your vet typically collects these samples via fine needle aspirate or biopsy.

If your veterinarian finds a tumor on or inside your dog, additional recommended diagnostics will most likely be recommended. These diagnostics often include the following:

Lab tests such as blood chemistry, complete blood count, and urinalysis
Radiographs (X-rays) that can reveal signs of metastasis or other internal abnormalities
Ultrasound, which can offer a better view of internal organs and look for metastasis
CT scan or MRI, which will help vets get a closer look at the structure of your dog's tumor (if internal) and the internal organs.
Some advanced diagnostics must be performed by a veterinary specialist. Your vet might refer you to a veterinary internist or surgeon to get an expert opinion on your dog's case.

Fine Needle Aspirate in Dogs

If the mass can be accessed easily, your vet will likely perform a fine needle aspirate. The FNA is done by inserting a small or medium sized needle into the mass and drawing back on the syringe. A small amount of tissue will usually collect in the needle. The syringe is removed from the needle, filled with air, then, then reattached to the needle. Next, the syringe is rapidly pushed over microscope slides, releasing a small spray of tissue that contains tissue and cells. The slides are dried and treated with a special type of stain that allows the cells to be seen. If the fine needle aspirate collects fluid into the syringe, your vet might want to send off the fluid to a lab for fluid analysis.

Sometimes, the FNA does not collect enough cells to get a diagnosis. This does not necessarily indicate an error. When a sample is collected, it's kind of like taking a sample of the inside of a sponge. You may or may not collect a piece of sponge since there are tiny holes. Similarly, there may not be an evenly distributed amount of diagnostic cells throughout the entire tumor.

When Your Dog Needs a Biopsy

If a fine needle aspirate is not effective (or if your vet thinks it's not worth trying) the next recommendation is usually a biopsy. A biopsy is often performed with the dog under general anesthesia or sedation (local anesthesia may be used instead depending on the size and location). The biopsy may be performed by using a special large needle. Or, the vet may cut into it surgically. In some cases, the entire mass is removed surgically

Treatment of Masses, Growths, and Tumors in Dogs

There are a number of different masses that can occur in dogs and all of them cannot be covered in one article. Once again, if you find a growth on your dog or feel your dog is unwell, seek veterinary attention. Your dog's treatment will depend on the type and location of the mass. If malignant, surgical removal is often recommended if possible. Next, cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and/or radiation may be recommended.

The following are some of the more common growths likely to be found in dogs:

Dog Cysts

Cysts are fluid-filled masses that can be found anywhere on or inside on a dog's body. Many are found on or under the skin. Fortunately, many cysts in dogs are benign. However, malignancy cannot be ruled out until your veterinarian has performed diagnostics. If the cyst does not bother your dog, your vet might leave it alone. Cysts can be periodically drained by your vet but most eventually fill with fluid again. Never attempt to squeeze, pop, or drain a cyst yourself. A cyst can be surgically removed if it bothers your dog and/or your vet recommends removal. Once removed, the cyst should be sent to a lab so a veterinary pathologist can analyze it just in case there are some malignant cells present.

Skin Growths on Dogs

Growths on your dog's skin can be caused by any number of things. It is difficult to know for certain what the growth is without having your vet look at it. Some skin growths are actually related to a skin problem. Certain skin masses are more obvious than others. Any skin growth that becomes irritated or infected, grows rapidly, or bothers your dog should probably be removed (if recommended by your vet).

Skin tags on dogs are similar to those humans get. Some can get quite large and pendulous, hanging off the skin by a narrow stalk. Skin tags are benign and are usually not removed unless they bother the dog or get very large and irritated.
Sebaceous cysts common type of skin cyst that contains sebum (a thick, oily material normally found in the skin around the hair follicles). These masses may be found anywhere on the body. Please resist the urge to squeeze any skin bumps as this can cause irritation and infection. Sebaceous cysts are benign but can also be mistaken for a malignant tumor called a sebaceous gland adenocarcinoma.
Histiocytomas are red bumps that can appear quickly on your dog's skin. Though there are benign tumors, some can grow rapidly and really bother your dog. Your vet may recommend removal of large and/or irritated histiocytomas.
Malignant melanoma can occur on the skin and/or in the mouth and is thought to be caused by sun exposure. Many of these tumors have a black color but not all will look the same.
Squamous cell carcinoma is another type of tumor that may be caused by sun exposure. This type of cancer can also occur on the skin and/or in the mouth. These tumors often have a pink or reddish color and misshapen, "raw" appearance.
Canine Oral Growths

There are many kinds of growths that can develop in your dog's mouth. Some growths cannot be seen but will cause signs like bad breath, trouble chewing, difficulty holding things in the mouth, oral pain, and pawing at the face or mouth. Of course, these signs could also indicate dental disease and should not be ignored.

Oral papillomas are warts caused by the papilloma virus. They can appear on the dog's lips, face, and inside the mouth. Papillomas are benign but very contagious. They can be removed if they cause problems for your dog, but they will eventually come back.
An epulis is an oral growth that usually forms on the gum tissue. Many epulides are benign, but some can be malignant, so further diagnostics are necessary.
Gingival hyperplasia is a benign overgrowth of gum tissue that may look a little bit like a tumor in some dogs. This excess gum tissue can be removed if it affecting the teeth. The removed tissue may be sent to a veterinary pathologist just to make sure there are no cancer cells.
Squamous cell carcinoma can appear in the mouth and often looks red and irregular.
Oral melanoma can occur in the mouth and may be black in color.
Some oral tumors can affect the teeth and bone in the mouth and face, If your dog has an oral mass, your vet will likely recommend putting your dog under anesthesia so a thorough examination and dental radiographs can be done. If there is dental tartar or gum disease present, your vet is also likely to recommend a professional dental cleaning while your dog is under anesthesia.

Lipomas in Dogs

Lipomas are among the most common types of tumors seen in dogs. A lipoma is a benign fatty mass that can be found anywhere on a dog's body, typically under the skin. They usually feel soft and moveable and rarely cause pain or discomfort for the dog. Lipomas can be surgically removed if they interfere with your dog's mobility or comfort, grow rapidly, or rupture (causing skin irritation). In rare cases, an apparent lipoma is actually a malignant tumor called liposarcoma. This is why most vets will recommend FNA of these growths. If the FNA sample just looks like all fat, the tumor is considered a benign lipoma.

Mast Cell Tumors in Dogs

Mast cell tumors may appear as small skin bumps or internal tumors. These are often malignant tumors that release histamine when disturbed with tests like a biopsy or FNA. This excess histamine release can have a negative effect on your dog's body, including the heart. If your vet suspects a mast cell tumor, your dog will be treated first with diphenhydramine to minimize the histamine release. Some vets will recommend FNA while others prefer to completely remove suspected mast cell tumors. The pathologist will grade the tumor as I, II, or II. This grading indicates how malignant the tumor is and how likely it is to metastasize.

Abdominal Masses

Some dogs develop abdominal masses, especially as seniors. Abdominal masses are usually found when your dog's abdomen is palpated on examination or when routine abdominal radiographs are performed. Treatment depends on the location and type of tumor. Many abdominal masses are malignant and most are attached to an organ. If your vet finds or suspects an abdominal tumor, often the first step is to do abdominal radiographs and/or abdominal ultrasound. Chest radiographs are done to check for metastasis in the lungs. Your vet might recommend referral to a veterinary specialist for advanced diagnostics and expert recommendations. Some abdominal tumors can be biopsied to determine malignancy. They are usually surgically removed if this is possible.

Mammary Tumors in Dogs

In female dogs, any inflammation of the mammary gland should be addressed as soon as possible. Inflammation of the mammary gland is called mastitis. However, the inflammation may be caused by a tumor. Though some mammary masses may be benign, many are cancerous. Mammary cancer is more common in intact females (not spayed) but can sometimes occur in spayed females.

Canine Lymphoma

Lymphoma is not actually a tumor; it is a cancer of the lymphatic system. However, the first sign of lymphoma is usually enlargement of the lymph nodes. This inflammation may look like tumors to you because the lymph nodes become very large, round, and lumpy. Pet owners most often notice lumps in the neck area, but they may also be found in the axillary area (armpits), the inguinal area (lower abdomen near thighs), and the back of the knees. Lymphoma is often diagnosed with FNA or biopsy, but the lymph nodes are not typically removed. Chemotherapy is the most common treatment of lymphoma.

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