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EquiVet Insight

🟡 ℍ𝕆𝕎 ℂ𝔸ℕ 𝕎𝔼 ℍ𝔼𝕃ℙ 𝕐𝕆𝕌? 🟡
Online vet consultation by Dr. Sandrine Serfaty
With more than 30 years experience as a Veterinarian and Sport Medicine Specialist

22/11/2024

🔷𝔼ℙ𝕀🔷

promising for 𝐄𝐪𝐮𝐢𝐧𝐞 𝐓𝐞𝐧𝐝𝐨𝐧 𝐈𝐧𝐣𝐮𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬 𝐏𝐞𝐫𝐜𝐮𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐞𝐨𝐮𝐬 𝐄𝐥𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐥𝐢𝐬𝐢𝐬 𝐓𝐞𝐧𝐝𝐨𝐧 𝐓𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐩𝐲 (EPI) is an 𝐢𝐧𝐧𝐨𝐯𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 modality designed to address chronic 𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐝𝐨𝐧 𝐢𝐧𝐣𝐮𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬, particularly in the context of musculoskeletal disorders. This technique involves the insertion of a fine needle into the affected tendon ultrasound guided, delivering a controlled electrical current that induces micro-trauma and stimulates the healing process. By creating localized injury, EPI promotes the natural reparative mechanisms of the body, facilitating collagen synthesis, production of growth hormone and enhancing blood flow to the injured area.

🔷Clinical evidence suggests that EPI can significantly reduce pain and improve functional outcomes in patients suffering from tendinopathies.
The therapy is typically well-tolerated, with minimal complications, making it a favorable alternative to invasive surgical interventions or prolonged conservative treatments.

Furthermore, EPI operates on the principle of mechanotransduction, where mechanical forces influence cellular processes and tissue repair. As a result, this therapy not only alleviates symptoms but also addresses the underlying pathophysiological changes associated with tendon degeneration. Overall, Percutaneous Electrolisis Tendon Therapy represents a promising advancement in the management of tendon pathologies, offering a targeted and efficient approach to promote healing and restore function in HORSES affected by chronic tendon injuries.

18/11/2024

🟣𝔸𝕟𝕥𝕚-𝕀𝕟𝕗𝕝𝕒𝕞𝕞𝕒𝕥𝕠𝕣𝕚𝕖𝕤 , 𝔸𝕟𝕥𝕚𝕓𝕚𝕠𝕥𝕚𝕔𝕤 ,ℂ𝕠𝕣𝕥𝕚𝕤𝕠𝕟𝕖🟣

What are the 𝐃𝐢𝐟𝐟𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞𝐬 Between Anti-Inflammatories, Antibiotics, and Cortisone

▪️Medicine encompasses diverse treatments tailored to address various health conditions. Among these treatments, anti-inflammatories, antibiotics, and cortisone are frequently prescribed medications, each serving distinct purposes in managing health issues. Understanding their differences is important.

🟪𝟏-𝐀𝐧𝐭𝐢-𝐈𝐧𝐟𝐥𝐚𝐦𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬 are a class of medications designed to reduce 𝐢𝐧𝐟𝐥𝐚𝐦𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 , 𝐚𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐯𝐢𝐚𝐭𝐞 𝐩𝐚𝐢𝐧, and 𝐥𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫 𝐟𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐫. They can be divided into:
◾️non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and
◾️steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen and aspirin, work by inhibiting enzymes (COX-1 and COX-2) involved in the inflammatory process.

These medications are commonly used to treat conditions like 𝐚𝐫𝐭𝐡𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐬, 𝐦𝐮𝐬𝐜𝐥𝐞 𝐬𝐩𝐫𝐚𝐢𝐧𝐬, and other 𝐩𝐚𝐢𝐧𝐟𝐮𝐥 𝐢𝐧𝐟𝐥𝐚𝐦𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲 𝐝𝐢𝐬𝐨𝐫𝐝𝐞𝐫𝐬.
🚩They help manage symptoms but do not address the underlying cause of inflammation.❗️
In contrast, 𝐜𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐢𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐨𝐢𝐝𝐬, such as 𝐜𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐢𝐬𝐨𝐧𝐞, are stronger anti-inflammatory agents derived from the hormone cortisol produced by the adrenal glands.
These drugs are effective in managing severe inflammation, particularly in 𝐚𝐮𝐭𝐨𝐢𝐦𝐦𝐮𝐧𝐞 𝐝𝐢𝐬𝐨𝐫𝐝𝐞𝐫𝐬 and 𝐚𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐫𝐠𝐢𝐞𝐬.

🟪𝟐-𝐀𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐛𝐢𝐨𝐭𝐢𝐜𝐬 on the other hand, are specifically designed to combat 𝐛𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐢𝐧𝐟𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬.
They work by 𝐭𝐚𝐫𝐠𝐞𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠 unique features of 𝐛𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐜𝐞𝐥𝐥𝐬, leading to the elimination of these pathogens. Common antibiotics include 𝐩𝐞𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐢𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐧 , 𝐚𝐦𝐨𝐱𝐢𝐜𝐢𝐥𝐥𝐢𝐧 , and 𝐜𝐢𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐟𝐥𝐨𝐱𝐚𝐜𝐢𝐧 𝐥.
Unlike anti-inflammatories, antibiotics 🚩𝐝𝐨 𝐧𝐨𝐭 𝐫𝐞𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐞 𝐢𝐧𝐟𝐥𝐚𝐦𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 directly but 𝐦𝐚𝐲 𝐚𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐯𝐢𝐚𝐭𝐞 inflammatory 𝐬𝐲𝐦𝐩𝐭𝐨𝐦𝐬 when the underlying bacterial infection is treated. ❗️
▪️It is important to note that antibiotics are ineffective against viral infections, and their misuse can lead to antibiotic resistance, a growing public health concern.

🟪𝟑-𝐂𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐢𝐬𝐨𝐧𝐞 , a type of 𝐜𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐢𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐨𝐢𝐝𝐬, encompasses both anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. It is widely utilized in the 𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 of 𝐯𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐨𝐮𝐬 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐝𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬, including inflammatory diseases like
▪️rheumatoid arthritis,
▪️dermatitis,
▪️asthma,
as well as to suppress pathological immune responses. 𝐂𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐢𝐬𝐨𝐧𝐞 can be delivered in various forms, including injections, oral tablets, and topical ointments, allowing flexibility based on the condition being treated. While effectively reducing inflammation, long-term use of cortisone can lead to side effects such as weight gain, osteoporosis, and increased susceptibility to infections, making careful monitoring essential.❗️

🟪In conclusion, anti-inflammatories, antibiotics, and cortisone serve significant but different roles in the medical field.
Anti-inflammatories focus on reducing inflammation and managing pain, Antibiotics target bacterial infections,

🟪Cortisone acts as a powerful anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agent.
Understanding these fundamental differences allows for more informed and effective treatment strategies, ensuring better patient outcomes and promoting overall health.

24/10/2024

🟠𝔼ℚ𝕌𝕀ℕ𝔼 𝔼𝕄𝕆𝕋𝕀𝕆ℕ𝔸𝕃 𝕄𝔼𝔻𝕀ℂ𝕀ℕ𝔼 🟠

♦️𝒘𝒉𝒂𝒕 𝒊𝒔 𝒊𝒕?
Equine 𝒉𝒐𝒎𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒂𝒕𝒉𝒚 and 𝒆𝒎𝒐𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔 are 𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒏𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒆𝒅 in various 𝒘𝒂𝒚𝒔, illustrating a holistic approach to horse care that recognizes the profound link between the 𝒆𝒎𝒐𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝒘𝒆𝒍𝒍-𝒃𝒆𝒊𝒏𝒈 of horses and their physical health. Homeopathy, an alternative medicine developed in the late 18th century by Samuel Hahnemann, operates on the principle of treating “like with like.”

🟧It involves using highly diluted substances to promote healing and balance within the horse’s body.🟧

However, the 𝒆𝒎𝒐𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒊𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔 of equine health are equally essential, as stress, anxiety, and other emotional states can significantly impact a horse's overall well-being.
Horses are 𝒉𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒍𝒚 𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒔, capable of feeling a wide range of emotions, including 𝒇𝒆𝒂𝒓 , 𝒋𝒐𝒚, and 𝒂𝒏𝒙𝒊𝒆𝒕𝒚. Much like humans, they can experience stress due to environmental changes, trauma, or inadequate social interactions. These emotional states can manifest physically, affecting their behavior, performance, and overall health. For instance, a horse suffering from anxiety may exhibit signs of agitation, loss of appetite, or even physical issues such as gastrointestinal issues, reflecting the strong bidirectional relationship between emotional and physical health.

🔶🔶Homeopathy offers an opportunity to address these intertwined aspects by providing remedies that align with the horse’s emotional state. For example, remedies like Aconite can be utilized for trauma-related fear, while Arnica is frequently prescribed for physical injuries accompanied by emotional stress. By addressing the emotional experience of the horse, homeopathy aims not just to treat symptoms but also to foster a deeper sense of well-being. This approach emphasizes the importance of considering the horse’s emotional landscape in conjunction with its physical ailments.

🔶🔶A horse’s emotional state can be influenced by its environment and the human-animal bond. Stressful conditions, inconsistency in training, or neglect can exacerbate emotional problems, leading to a cycle of poor health and behavioral issues.
🔶🔶In conclusion, the link between equine homeopathy and emotions highlights the need for an integrative approach to horse care. By acknowledging and addressing the emotional needs of horses through homeopathy and supportive environmental practices, you can enhance both the emotional and physical health.

20/10/2024

🟢 𝔼ℚ𝕌𝕀ℕ𝔼 𝔻𝕀𝕊𝕋𝔸𝕃 𝕀𝕄ℙ𝔸ℝ 𝕃𝕀𝔾𝔸𝕄𝔼ℕ𝕋 🟢
The ᴇǫᴜɪɴᴇ ᴅɪsᴛᴀʟ ɪᴍᴘᴀʀ ʟɪɢᴀᴍᴇɴᴛ serves as a pivotal structure within the ʜᴏᴏғ , intricately linked to the ʜᴏʀsᴇ's ᴍᴏʙɪʟɪᴛʏ and athletic performance.

✅ 𝐒𝐓𝐀𝐁𝐈𝐋𝐈𝐓𝐘 𝐎𝐅 𝐓𝐇𝐄 𝐍𝐀𝐕𝐈𝐂𝐔𝐋𝐀𝐑 𝐁𝐎𝐍𝐄 :
The ɪᴍᴘᴀʀ ʟɪɢᴀᴍᴇɴᴛ plays an essential role in maintaining the position of the ɴᴀᴠɪᴄᴜʟᴀʀ ʙᴏɴᴇ, which is crucial for proper hoof function. It helps to stabilize the navicular bone against excessive movement, particularly during activities like running and jumping.

✅ 𝐋𝐎𝐀𝐃 𝐃𝐈𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐈𝐁𝐔𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍:
This ʟɪɢᴀᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴀssɪsᴛs in the even distribution of forces that occur during movement. Proper load distribution across the hoof helps prevent injuries and conditions such as navicular disease or laminitis.

✅𝐅𝐋𝐄𝐗𝐀𝐁𝐈𝐋𝐈𝐓𝐘 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐌𝐎𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍:
The impar ligament allows for some degree of flexibility between the navicular bone and the coffin bone, facilitating the smooth movement of the hoof. This is particularly important during the flexion and extension phases of the stride.

✅ 𝐈𝐌𝐏𝐀𝐂𝐓 𝐀𝐁𝐒𝐎𝐑𝐏𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 :
During locomotion, the horse's hooves endure significant impact forces. The distal impar ligament, by contributing to the overall structure of the hoof, aids in absorbing these forces, which can help protect the deeper structures of the hoof.

✅ 𝐉𝐎𝐈𝐍𝐓 𝐅𝐔𝐍𝐂𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 :
The ligament supports the function of the distal interphalangeal joint (between the navicular bone and the coffin bone), allowing for optimal range of motion and coordination during gait.

✅ 𝐈𝐍𝐓𝐄𝐑𝐏𝐋𝐀𝐘 𝐖𝐈𝐓𝐇 𝐎𝐓𝐇𝐄𝐑 𝐋𝐈𝐆𝐀𝐌𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐒 𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐒𝐓𝐑𝐔𝐂𝐓𝐔𝐑𝐄𝐒 :
The impar ligament works in conjunction with other ligaments and tendons in the hoof, such as the deep digital flexor tendon. Their coordinated function is critical for effective locomotion and overall limb health.

〰️〰️Overall, the ᴅɪsᴛᴀʟ ɪᴍᴘᴀʀ ʟɪɢᴀᴍᴇɴᴛ is a very important structure that contributes significantly to the biomechanical function of the horse’s hoof, impacting its locomotor efficiency, comfort, and athletic performance. Proper functionality of this ligament, along with the health of the surrounding structures, is essential for the horse's soundness and longevity in work or sport〰️〰️

🔰🄳🅈🅂🄵🅄🄽🄲🅃🄸🄾🄽 🄾🅁 🄸🄽🄹🅄🅁🅈 🔰

to the 𝐝𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐢𝐦𝐩𝐚𝐫 𝐥𝐢𝐠𝐚𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 can result in significant clinical implications. Conditions such as 𝐧𝐚𝐯𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐫 𝐝𝐢𝐬𝐞𝐚𝐬𝐞 or distal impars ligament desmitis can lead to 𝐜𝐡𝐫𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐜 𝐥𝐚𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐬 and reduced athletic performance.
Symptoms often include persistent pain localized within the 𝐡𝐨𝐨𝐟 , particularly on the palmar side, and may be exacerbated by work on 𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐝 𝐬𝐮𝐫𝐟𝐚𝐜𝐞𝐬 or during 𝐭𝐢𝐠𝐡𝐭 𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐬. Detection and treatment are critical, as these conditions can continue to progress, leading to more severe complications.

20/09/2024

🔴𝔼𝕢𝕦𝕚𝕟𝕖 ℂ𝕆𝟚 ℂ𝕣𝕪𝕠𝕥𝕙𝕖𝕣𝕒𝕡𝕪🔴
: A Revolution in Equine Healthcare

Equine 𝐡𝐞𝐚𝐥𝐭𝐡𝐜𝐚𝐫𝐞 has seen considerable advancement over the years, transitioning from traditional treatment modalities to more 𝐢𝐧𝐧𝐨𝐯𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞 and 𝐞𝐟𝐟𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞 therapeutic techniques. Among these revolutionary techniques is CO2 cryotherapy, a treatment that harnesses the properties of carbon dioxide at low temperatures to benefit equine athletes and enhance 𝐫𝐞𝐜𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 .

CO2 𝐜𝐫𝐲𝐨𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐩𝐲 involves the application of cooled carbon dioxide directly to the skin's surface. This technique is founded on the principle of 𝐜𝐫𝐲𝐨𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐩𝐲 , which utilizes cold temperatures to 𝐚𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐯𝐢𝐚𝐭𝐞 𝐩𝐚𝐢𝐧 , 𝐫𝐞𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐞 𝐢𝐧𝐟𝐥𝐚𝐦𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 , and 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐦𝐨𝐭𝐞 𝐡𝐞𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐠 . CO2 in a solid-state, known as dry ice, is typically employed in cryotherapy devices. When applied to the equine skin, it causes localized cooling that leads to vasoconstriction, reducing blood flow and mitigating swelling. The subsequent rewarming phase triggers vasodilation, increasing blood flow and enhancing circulation, which helps accelerate the healing process.

🔺The primary advantage of 𝐂𝐎𝟐 cryotherapy over traditional ice applications is its ability to target specific areas with precision. This localized treatment can address injuries or soreness in particular limbs without inducing systemic cooling that might be detrimental to an animal's overall thermal balance. Furthermore, 𝐂𝐎𝟐 cryotherapy is non-invasive, making it an attractive option for treating muscles and soft tissues without the risks associated with surgical interventions or the potential for additional trauma in sensitive areas.🔺

The 𝐛𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐟𝐢𝐭𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐂𝐎𝟐 cryotherapy extend to enhancing performance in 𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐩𝐞𝐭𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞 𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐬𝐞𝐬 . By reducing muscle soreness and promoting faster recovery times, equine athletes can train more frequently and effectively. This increased training capacity can lead to improved performance in competitions, making CO2 cryotherapy an appealing option for trainers and owners seeking every advantage for their horses. Additionally, its application in rehabilitation protocols makes it a valuable tool in treating injury recovery and rehabilitation programs.

While research is still evolving, early studies indicate that CO2 cryotherapy is a safe and effective method for managing various equine ailments, such as tendon injuries and musculoskeletal pain. However, as with any therapeutic modality, it is essential for practitioners to undertake a tailored approach based on each individual horse's condition and specific needs.

17/09/2024

🟡 𝔼𝕢𝕦𝕚𝕟𝕖 𝕊𝕠𝕣𝕖 𝕊𝕙𝕚𝕟𝕤 🟡

〰️Equine sore shins, medically referred to as shin splints or dorsal metacarpal disease, is a common condition affecting young horses and performance horses. Characterized by inflammation and pain along the shin bone (metacarpal) of the forelimbs, this condition generally arises during periods of increased workload when the horse's skeletal and muscular system lacks adequate conditioning. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and management strategies for sore shins is important to maintain the health and performance.〰️

🟡🟡The primary cause of equine sore shins is repetitive stress on the cortex of the third metacarpal bone, typically exacerbated by insufficient conditioning or sudden increases in exercise intensity. Young horses with immature or developing bones are particularly susceptible. Genetics and conformation play also a role in the susceptibility of having sore shins. Narrow chests and long legs, commonly seen in some racing breeds, can predispose horses to greater stress on the limbs, leading to soreness.🟡🟡

〰️Symptoms of sore shins can range from mild discomfort to significant lameness. Horse owners may observe signs like swelling, heat, and sensitivity along the front of the shin, particularly on palpation. In more severe cases, horses may show reluctance to move or exhibit abnormal gaits. It is important for horse owners and trainers to recognize these symptoms early, as delaying intervention can lead to chronic issues or stress fractures.〰️

🟡🟡Management of equine sore shins primarily focuses on rest and rehabilitation, allowing the inflammation to subside. Initially, affected horses are typically advised to undergo a period of complete rest from strenuous exercise. Following this recuperative phase, a gradual reintroduction to training is essential. This process should include low-impact activities and controlled exercises designed to strengthen the muscles and promote bone density, ultimately reducing the risk of future occurrences. In some cases, veterinarians may recommend therapeutic interventions, including anti-inflammatory medications, ultrasound therapy, or physiotherapy.🟡🟡

Establishing a well-structured conditioning program that gradually increases workload, can significantly lower the incidence of this condition.

In conclusion, equine sore shins is a common yet potentially debilitating condition among young performance horses.

10/09/2024

🔴 𝔼𝕀ℙℍ 🔴

𝐄𝐱𝐞𝐫𝐜𝐢𝐬𝐞-𝐈𝐧𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐞𝐝 𝐏𝐮𝐥𝐦𝐨𝐧𝐚𝐫𝐲 𝐇𝐞𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐫𝐡𝐚𝐠𝐞 (EIPH) is a condition affecting performance horses, particularly during strenuous exercise. It can lead to decreased performance and health issues. Managing the incidence of EIPH involves a multifaceted approach, including the following strategies:

1. 🔺 𝐏𝐫𝐞-𝐄𝐱𝐞𝐫𝐜𝐢𝐬𝐞 𝐌𝐚𝐧𝐚𝐠𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭:
- Monitoring Conditioning: Ensure horses are adequately conditioned for their specific performance level to minimize stress on the respiratory system.
- Gradual Training Increase by: Gradually increase the intensity and duration of training to allow the horse's body to adapt and minimize shock to the lungs.

2.🔺 𝐁𝐫𝐞𝐞𝐝𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐬𝐢𝐝𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬 :
- Select for Genetic Resistance: Consider breeding practices that promote traits associated with reduced susceptibility to EIPH.

3. 🔺 𝐄𝐧𝐯𝐢𝐫𝐨𝐧𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐌𝐚𝐧𝐚𝐠𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 :
- Reduce Dust and Allergens:
Ensure that the horse's environment is clean and free from dust, mold, and other irritants. Use high-quality bedding and well-ventilated stables.
- Avoid Polluted Environments: Minimize exposure to high levels of air pollutants, such as exhaust fumes, especially before competitions.

4. 🔺 𝐍𝐮𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐚𝐥 𝐒𝐮𝐩𝐩𝐨𝐫𝐭 :
- Antioxidant Supplementation: Provide diets rich in antioxidants, which may help to support respiratory health. This includes vitamins E and C, as well as selenium.
- Hydration: Ensure that horses are well-hydrated before exercise, as dehydration can exacerbate respiratory issues.

5. 🔺 𝐌𝐞𝐝𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐥 𝐌𝐚𝐧𝐚𝐠𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 :
- Veterinary Evaluation: Regular veterinary check-ups can help identify predisposing factors and health issues that could contribute to EIPH.
- Medications: In some cases, treatments such as furosemide (Lasix) may be used to reduce the severity of EIPH, though usage is subject to regulatory guidelines.

6. 🔺 𝐄𝐱𝐞𝐫𝐜𝐢𝐬𝐞 𝐓𝐞𝐜𝐡𝐧𝐢𝐪𝐮𝐞𝐬 :
- Warm-up Exercises: Incorporate appropriate warm-up routines to prepare the horse's respiratory system for intense work.
- Controlled Pace: During training and competition, managing the pace can help reduce the risk of EIPH. Avoid overly intense bursts of speed.

7. 🔺 𝐏𝐨𝐬𝐭-𝐄𝐱𝐞𝐫𝐜𝐢𝐬𝐞 𝐂𝐚𝐫𝐞 :
- Cooling Down: Implement effective cooling down protocols that include walking and hydration after intense workouts or competitions.
- Rest and Recovery: Ensure adequate rest periods between training sessions and competitions to allow for recovery.

8. 🔺 𝐌𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐭𝐨𝐫 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐑𝐞𝐜𝐨𝐫𝐝 𝐈𝐧𝐜𝐢𝐝𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞 :
- Document EIPH Incidents: Keep detailed records of any occurrences, conditions during which EIPH occurred, and the horse's overall health and performance to identify patterns or triggers.

9. 🔺 𝐄𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐓𝐫𝐚𝐢𝐧𝐢𝐧𝐠 :
- Educate Staff and Owners: Train all personnel involved in the management of performance horses to recognize symptoms and understand EIPH's implications and management strategies.

Implementing these measures can help in effectively managing the incidence of EIPH in performance horses, promoting better health and performance outcomes. Always consult with veterinary professionals for tailored strategies and interventions.

31/08/2024

⚫️𝕌𝕟𝕖𝕩𝕡𝕝𝕒𝕚𝕟𝕖𝕕 𝔼𝕢𝕦𝕚𝕟𝕖 𝕃𝕒𝕞𝕖𝕟𝕖𝕤𝕤 : Understanding the Challenges

Equine lameness is a prevalent issue in the equestrian world, affecting horses of all types and disciplines. It is characterized by an altered gait, which can range from subtle signs to significant mobility impairments. While many cases of lameness can be traced to specific injuries, conditions, or diseases, there are instances where the exact cause remains elusive, termed unexplained equine lameness. This phenomenon presents a considerable challenge for veterinarians, trainers, and owners alike.

Unexplained equine lameness can stem from several factors, including complex anatomical structures, multifactorial origins, and the horse's innate ability to mask pain. Horses rely heavily on their limbs for movement, and with their flight animal instincts, they may not exhibit obvious signs of discomfort until the condition has progressed. The difficulty in pinpointing the source of lameness often arises from the intricate interconnections within the equine musculoskeletal system. Bones, joints, tendons, ligaments, and soft tissues all interact in ways that can obscure the initial cause of the problem.

One of the primary challenges in diagnosing unexplained lameness is the horse's inability to communicate its discomfort effectively. Although advancements in veterinary imaging techniques, such as ultrasound, x-rays, CT, Bone scan and MRI, have improved diagnostics, many cases still elude definitive identification. Lameness examinations often involve a comprehensive approach, including physical assessments, nerve blocks, and imaging. However, anomalies may appear in diagnostic results without corresponding clinical signs, leading practitioners to struggle against ambiguous findings.

The multifactorial nature of equine lameness complicates the scenario further. Factors such as conformation defects, training practices, or even environmental influences can contribute to the development of lameness. For instance, horses kept in improper footing may develop uncharacteristic strains in their limbs, leading to lameness that is not immediately linked to a clear cause. Additionally, emotional factors, such as stress or anxiety, can influence a horse’s behavior and manifest as lameness, further obscuring the underlying issue.

Efforts to understand and manage unexplained equine lameness encourage ongoing research in equine veterinary medicine. Preventative strategies such as tailored training programs, proper conditioning, and regular veterinary check-ups can help reduce the incidence of lameness. Moreover, collaboration between veterinarians, farriers, trainers, and owners is crucial for early identification and intervention.

In summary, unexplained equine lameness is a complex issue that highlights the intricacies of equine health. By continuing to improve diagnostic techniques and treatments, the equine community can work towards alleviating this challenging condition, ensuring that horses remain healthy and sound for their diverse roles in sport and companionship.

30/08/2024

🔵 ℂ𝕋 𝕄ℝ𝕀 ℕ𝕌ℂ𝕃𝔼𝔸ℝ 𝕊ℂ𝕀ℕ𝕋𝕀𝔾ℝ𝔸ℙℍ𝕐 🔵
CT, MRI, Nuclear Scintigraphy what is it and when to ask for what?

🔷𝙈𝙍𝙄 (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
- 𝙏𝙚𝙘𝙝𝙣𝙞𝙦𝙪𝙚: Uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to generate detailed images.
- 𝘽𝙚𝙨𝙩 𝙁𝙤𝙧 :
Soft Tissue Injuries: Tendonitis, ligament tears, muscle injuries.
Neurological Conditions: cervical spinal cord abnormalities( limited).
Joint Issues: Cartilage damage, joint inflammation.
Advanced Imaging Needs: Detailed visualization of complex soft tissue structures.
- 𝙋𝙧𝙤𝙨 : No ionizing radiation, excellent detail of soft tissues.
- 𝘾𝙤𝙣𝙨 : More expensive, longer duration. Limitations of body parts available to Equine MRI.

🔷𝘾𝙏 (Computed Tomography)
- 𝙏𝙚𝙘𝙝𝙣𝙞𝙦𝙪𝙚 : Uses X-rays to produce cross-sectional images.
- 𝘽𝙚𝙨𝙩 𝙁𝙤𝙧 : Bone structures, detecting fractures and bone abnormalities.
Bone Fractures: Acute fractures, non-healing fractures, stress fractures.
Bone Abnormalities: Bone tumors, bone infections (osteomyelitis).
Dental Problems: Tooth root abscesses, jaw issues.
Advanced Bone Imaging: 3D reconstructions of bone structures.
- 𝙋𝙧𝙤𝙨 : Faster, good for bone imaging, 3D reconstruction.
- 𝘾𝙤𝙣𝙨 : Uses ionizing radiation, not as detailed for soft tissues. Limitations of body parts available to Equine CT.

🔷Bone Scan (𝙉𝙪𝙘𝙡𝙚𝙖𝙧 𝙎𝙘𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙞𝙜𝙧𝙖𝙥𝙝𝙮 )
- 𝙏𝙚𝙘𝙝𝙣𝙞𝙦𝙪𝙚 : Involves injection of radioactive tracer to detect bone activity.
- 𝘽𝙚𝙨𝙩 𝙁𝙤𝙧 : Identifying areas of high bone turnover like fractures or infections.

𝙎𝙩𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙨 𝙁𝙧𝙖𝙘𝙩𝙪𝙧𝙚𝙨 : Detects early bone stress changes not visible on X-rays.
Bone Infections & Inflammation: Osteomyelitis, bone abscesses.
Bone Metabolism Disorders: Conditions with increased bone turnover.
Tumors in bones.
Unexplained Lameness: Identifying generalized regions of bone stress or injury when other methods are inconclusive.
- 𝙋𝙧𝙤𝙨 : Sensitive for detecting bone inflammation or stress fractures. Possibility of full body scan.
- 𝘾𝙤𝙣𝙨 : Uses radioactive material, less detailed images, often used in conjunction with other imaging.

Summary
🔷MRI: Soft tissue injuries, neurological conditions, detailed soft tissue visualisation.
🔷CT: Bone fractures, complex skeletal imaging, dental issues.
🔷Bone Scan(Nuclear Scintigraphy): Stress fractures, bone infections, bone metabolism disorders.

Each technique has its strengths, and often, they are used in combination to give a full picture.

28/08/2024

🟠 𝔼ℚ𝕌𝕀ℕ𝔼 ℂ𝕌ℝ𝔹𝕊 🟠
𝙀𝙦𝙪𝙞𝙣𝙚 𝙘𝙪𝙧𝙗 𝙙𝙚𝙨𝙢𝙞𝙩𝙞𝙨 is an 𝙞𝙣𝙛𝙡𝙖𝙢𝙢𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 of the 𝙥𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙧 𝙡𝙞𝙜𝙖𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩 (also known as the long plantar ligament) in horses. This ligament 𝙧𝙪𝙣𝙨 𝙙𝙤𝙬𝙣 the back of the hock and helps to 𝙨𝙩𝙖𝙗𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙯𝙚 the 𝙟𝙤𝙞𝙣𝙩. Here's a 𝙗𝙧𝙞𝙚𝙛 overview:

🔶𝘾𝙖𝙪𝙨𝙚𝙨 :
🔸**𝙊𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙪𝙨𝙚 ** : Excessive stress from activities like jumping, reining or racing.
🔸**𝙄𝙣𝙟𝙪𝙧𝙮* *: Trauma or repetitive strain.
🔸**𝘾𝙤𝙣𝙛𝙤𝙧𝙢𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣** : Poor limb conformation can predispose horses to this condition.

🔶𝙎𝙮𝙢𝙥𝙩𝙤𝙢𝙨 :
-Swelling
Noticeable swelling in the plantar lower part of the hock.
-Pain
Sensitivity and pain when pressing the swollen area.
-Lameness
Varying degrees of lameness, often worse after exercise.

🔶𝘿𝙞𝙖𝙜𝙣𝙤𝙨𝙞𝙨:
1. **𝙋𝙝𝙮𝙨𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙡 𝙀𝙭𝙖𝙢** : Palpation of the hock to check for swelling and pain.
2. **𝙐𝙡𝙩𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙤𝙪𝙣𝙙** : To examine the condition of the ligament.
3. **𝙓-𝙧𝙖𝙮𝙨** : To rule out other issues.

🔶𝙏𝙧𝙚𝙖𝙩𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩:
1. **𝙍𝙚𝙨𝙩* *: Allowing the horse time to heal by limiting activities.
2. **𝘼𝙣𝙩𝙞-𝙄𝙣𝙛𝙡𝙖𝙢𝙢𝙖𝙩𝙤𝙧𝙞𝙚𝙨** : Administering non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
3. **𝘾𝙤𝙡𝙙 𝙏𝙝𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙥𝙮** : Applying ice packs to reduce swelling.
4. **𝘽𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙖𝙜𝙞𝙣𝙜** : To offer support and reduce swellin
5.**𝙎𝙝𝙤𝙘𝙠𝙬𝙖𝙫𝙚 𝙏𝙝𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙥𝙮** : Sometimes used to stimulate healing.
6. **𝘾𝙤𝙧𝙧𝙚𝙘𝙩𝙞𝙫𝙚 𝙎𝙝𝙤𝙚𝙞𝙣𝙜** : To help alleviate stress on the ligament.

🔶𝙋𝙧𝙚𝙫𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 :
1. **𝙋𝙧𝙤𝙥𝙚𝙧 𝙒𝙖𝙧𝙢-𝙐𝙥* *: Ensuring your horse is properly warmed up before intense activities.
2. **𝘾𝙤𝙧𝙧𝙚𝙘𝙩 𝙎𝙝𝙤𝙚𝙞𝙣𝙜** : Regular check-ups with a farrier to maintain good hoof health.
3. **𝘽𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙘𝙚𝙙 𝙏𝙧𝙖𝙞𝙣𝙞𝙣𝙜** : Avoiding excessive strain on the hocks with varied and balanced exercise routines.

Early detection and treatment are key to managing equine curb desmitis effectively. Always consult with a veterinarian for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan tailored to your horse’s needs.

12/08/2024

🟠 𝔼ℕ𝔻𝕆ℝℙℍ𝕀ℕ𝕊-𝔸ℂ𝕌ℙ𝕌ℕℂ𝕋𝕌ℝ𝔼 🟠
𝑾𝒉𝒂𝒕 𝒂𝒃𝒐𝒖𝒕 the link between 𝑨𝒄𝒖𝒑𝒖𝒏𝒄𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒆 and 𝑬𝒏𝒅𝒐𝒓𝒑𝒉𝒊𝒏𝒔 ?

Studies examining endorphin release in horses during 𝒂𝒄𝒖𝒑𝒖𝒏𝒄𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒆 have offered valuable insights into the 𝒑𝒉𝒚𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒎𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒊𝒔𝒎𝒔 underlying the 𝒂𝒏𝒂𝒍𝒈𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒄 and 𝒎𝒐𝒐𝒅-𝒎𝒐𝒅𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 effects of acupuncture in equines. Here are some key findings from research on endorphin release in horses during acupuncture:

🧡🅔🅧🅟🅔🅡🅘🅜🅔🅝🅣🅐🅛 🅔🅥🅘🅓🅔🅝🅒🅔 :
Experimental studies have demonstrated that acupuncture stimulation leads to the release of endorphins in horses. By measuring endorphin levels in the blood or cerebrospinal fluid before and after acupuncture treatment, researchers have observed a significant increase in endorphin concentrations, indicating the activation of the body's natural pain-relieving mechanisms.

🧡🅟🅐🅘🅝 🅜🅞🅓🅤🅛🅐🅣🅘🅞🅝 :
The release of endorphins induced by acupuncture plays a crucial role in pain modulation and pain relief in horses. Endorphins are opioid peptides that bind to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord, inhibiting pain signal transmission and producing analgesic effects. This neurochemical response contributes to the pain relief experienced by horses undergoing acupuncture therapy.

🧡🅑🅔🅗🅐🅥🅘🅞🅡🅐🅛 🅒🅗🅐🅝🅖🅔🅢 :
in horses following acupuncture treatment, they coincide with the release of endorphins. Horses exhibit signs of relaxation, decreased sensitivity to pain, and improved mood after acupuncture sessions, reflecting the influence of endorphins on their physiological and emotional well-being.

🧡🅐🅒🅤🅟🅤🅝🅒🅣🅤🅡🅔 🅟🅞🅘🅝🅣 🅢🅟🅔🅒🅘🅕🅘🅒🅘🅣🅨 :
The release of endorphins during acupuncture in horses is often point-specific, meaning that certain acupuncture points are more effective at triggering endorphin release than others. Understanding the relationship between acupuncture point selection and endorphin modulation can help optimize treatment protocols for pain management and rehabilitation in equines.

🧡🅛🅞🅝🅖-🅣🅔🅡🅜 🅔🅕🅕🅔🅒🅣🅢 :
Longitudinal studies have suggested that repeated acupuncture sessions in horses can lead to cumulative endorphin release and sustained pain relief over time. This long-term effect of acupuncture on endorphin levels underscores the potential for acupuncture to provide ongoing therapeutic benefits for horses with chronic pain conditions or musculoskeletal disorders.

10/08/2024

🟢 𝔼ℚ𝕌𝕀ℕ𝔼 𝔸ℂ𝕌ℙ𝕌ℕℂ𝕋𝕌ℝ𝔼 🟢

𝐀𝐜𝐮𝐩𝐮𝐧𝐜𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 is a fascinating topic that combines the fields of 𝐯𝐞𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐚𝐫𝐲 𝐦𝐞𝐝𝐢𝐜𝐢𝐧𝐞 , 𝐚𝐧𝐢𝐦𝐚𝐥 𝐩𝐡𝐲𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐥𝐨𝐠𝐲, and 𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐝𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐚𝐥 𝐂𝐡𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐞 𝐦𝐞𝐝𝐢𝐜𝐢𝐧𝐞 principles.

Let’s start with the 𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐨𝐫𝐲 and finish with some practical tips.

Studies often focus on various aspects of equine acupuncture, including its effects on different conditions such as 𝐦𝐮𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐨𝐬𝐤𝐞𝐥𝐞𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐝𝐢𝐬𝐨𝐫𝐝𝐞𝐫𝐬 , 𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞𝐬 𝐞𝐧𝐡𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 , and 𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐬 𝐫𝐞𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 in horses.

It is well established that acupuncture releases 𝐞𝐧𝐝𝐨𝐫𝐩𝐡𝐢𝐧𝐬 and other 𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫𝐨𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐬𝐦𝐢𝐭𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐬 that contribute to 𝐩𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐟 and overall 𝐰𝐞𝐥𝐥-𝐛𝐞𝐢𝐧𝐠 in equines.

Specific 𝐚𝐜𝐮𝐩𝐮𝐧𝐜𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐩𝐨𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐬 are used in horses, with a precise 𝐚𝐧𝐚𝐭𝐨𝐦𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐥 𝐜𝐨𝐫𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧, as well as the explanation of the traditional Chinese medicine theories behind their selection.
Research on the physiological responses triggered by acupuncture in equines aims to understand the mechanisms behind the therapeutic effects of this ancient 𝐡𝐞𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐩𝐫𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐜𝐞. Several studies have explored the biological and physiological changes that occur in horses during and after acupuncture treatment. Some key findings include:

💚𝗘𝗡𝗗𝗢𝗥𝗣𝗛𝗜𝗡 𝗥𝗘𝗟𝗘𝗔𝗦𝗘:
Acupuncture has been shown to stimulate the release of endorphins, which are natural pain-relieving substances produced by the body.

💚𝗡𝗲𝘂𝗿𝗼𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘀𝗺𝗶𝘁𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗠𝗼𝗱𝘂𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 : Acupuncture may influence the levels of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine in the horse's body. These neurotransmitters play a crucial role in mood regulation, stress response, and pain perception, contributing to the overall therapeutic effects of acupuncture.

💚𝗔𝘂𝘁𝗼𝗻𝗼𝗺𝗶𝗰 𝗡𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗼𝘂𝘀 𝗦𝘆𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗺 𝗥𝗲𝗴𝘂𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 :
Acupuncture can modulate the activity of the autonomic nervous system in horses, leading to relaxation, reduced stress levels, and improved physiological balance. This regulation of the horse's nervous system can have profound effects on their health and performance.

💚𝗔𝗻𝘁𝗶-𝗜𝗻𝗳𝗹𝗮𝗺𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗼𝗿𝘆 𝗘𝗳𝗳𝗲𝗰𝘁𝘀 :
Studies have suggested that acupuncture may have anti-inflammatory effects in equines by regulating cytokine levels, reducing inflammation, and promoting tissue healing. This can be beneficial for horses with musculoskeletal injuries or inflammatory conditions.

💚𝗕𝗹𝗼𝗼𝗱 𝗙𝗹𝗼𝘄 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗖𝗶𝗿𝗰𝘂𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗼𝗿𝘆 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲𝘀 : Acupuncture has been associated with increased blood flow to specific acupuncture points and surrounding tissues in horses. Improved circulation can enhance the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to injured or stressed areas, supporting the healing process.

💚𝗛𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗕𝗮𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲 :
Acupuncture may help regulate hormone levels in horses, such as cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which are associated with stress responses.

🟢🅳🆁 🆂🅰︎🅽🅳🆁🅸🅽🅴 🆂🅴🆁🅵🅰︎🆃🆈🟢

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🟡 𝕋ℝ𝔸ℕ𝕊ℝ𝔼ℂℝ𝔸𝕃 𝕌𝕃𝕋ℝ𝔸𝕊𝕆𝕌ℕ𝔻 🟡 Accurate clinical assessment is crucial for 𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒂𝒍𝒊𝒛𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒑𝒂𝒊𝒏 to the 𝑺𝒂𝒄𝒓𝒐𝒊𝒍𝒊𝒂𝒄 𝒓𝒆𝒈𝒊𝒐𝒏. Techniques for 𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒔𝒓𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝒖𝒍𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒔𝒐𝒖𝒏𝒅 𝒆𝒙𝒂𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 have been detailed and are becoming much more common specifically in sport medicine. Transrectal Ultrasound is highly effective in 𝒂𝒔𝒔𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒈 a 𝒗𝒂𝒓𝒊𝒆𝒕𝒚 𝒐𝒇 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒖𝒄𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒔 . A thorough understanding of the technique and regional anatomy is essential for interpreting 𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒈𝒏𝒐𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒄 in this area. Those are the structures and consequently the pathologies you can diagnose with appropriate knowledge and technique. 🔹𝑳𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒐𝒔𝒂𝒄𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒄 🔹𝑰𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒕𝒆𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑫𝒊𝒔𝒄 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑽𝒆𝒓𝒕𝒆𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑩𝒐𝒅𝒊𝒆𝒔 𝒐𝒇 L5–6 and L4–5 🔹𝑳𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒐𝒔𝒂𝒄𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑰𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒕𝒆𝒃𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒂𝒎𝒆𝒏 Remember, you can always ask questions or schedule private consultations to expand your knowledge or: 🔺Online consultations 🔺X-Ray,Ultrasound, interpretation 🔺Treatment plans 🔺Second opinion 🔺Emotional and behavioral support 𝑫𝒓.𝑺𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒓𝒊𝒏𝒆 𝑺𝒆𝒓𝒇𝒂𝒕𝒚 - Veterinarian and Sport Medicine Specialist with more than 30 years experience. 𝚅𝙸𝚂𝙸𝚃 : https://www.vetfulness.com/vetfulness