27/05/2024
BEETLEMANIA: THE RACE TO SAVE BRITAIN’s TREES (www.thetimes.co.uk/)
In the wooded grounds of a former hunting lodge in a Hampshire forest, scientists are racing to protect Britain from the next ash dieback or Dutch elm disease.
Ensconced in a secure containment lab, which staff say is “designed to let nothing out but humans”, Max Blake is concerned about Ips typographus, a beetle named for the typographical-like lines it etches on bark.
The European spruce bark beetle has devastated many of continental Europe’s forests. Photos from the Czech Republic show a sad mosaic of green trees turned brown, where the beetle has bred in such abundance that it can kill off trees.
The UK is the last European redoubt with significant spruce trees where the pest is not fully established. In the past five years it has become clear the big threat is the beetle simply being blown in by winds, carrying it across the natural barrier of the English Channel.
Research at the Alice Holt forest research station outside Farnham is finding the beetle can travel further than thought. “The results are utterly terrifying,” said Blake. Once believed capable of travelling 45km by wind, the beetle is now thought to be capable of dispersing up to 200km. It may be even worse, at 400km. The incursions to date, many of them in Kent, are not yet seeing the beetle arrive in great enough numbers to kill trees. However, if the species establishes a beachhead, it could pose a huge threat to Britain’s Norway spruce and sitka spruce. The former are grown for Christmas trees and other uses, while the latter accounts for about half of the country’s timber production.
Experts at the site like Daegan Inward are looking at other threats, such as the emerald ash borer, which has destroyed millions of ash trees in North America. The lab is the only place in Europe with a colony. The borers arrive through the post from the US before being raised to see what impact they have on British ash trees in a contained environment.
The team is constrained by how big they can grow trees. But a £4.25 million funding injection from the government is set to pay for a new lab next door, doubling the total area for experiments and allowing higher trees to be grown. The need to be prepared has never been greater. New reports of tree diseases have been doubling every 11 years, one US study found.
In the wooded grounds of a former hunting lodge in a Hampshire forest, scientists are racing to protect Britain from the next ash dieback or Dutch elm disease (Adam Vaughan writes).Ensconced in a secure containment lab, which staff say is “designed to let nothing out but humans”, Max Blake is co...