14/01/2022
Unfortunately I have recently scanned several females who were not pregnant. For all of my clients to move forward with their breeding programs I have advised ovulation testing on their next oestrus (heat) cycle.
It is essential that breeding of fertile females to fertile males occurs at the correct time to ensure a pregnancy and optimum litter size. Let’s look at why timing is so important, and the service we have available to breeders to increase their success.
Ovulation in bi***es has been documented as early as day 5 after the onset of pro-oestrus, to as late as day 30 after the onset of pro-oestrus. There is significant individual variation in bi***es relating to the day ovulation occurs. It can vary from one season to the next for many breeding females. Timing that may have been successful for one litter may fail if repeated for a second litter. Visible signs of vulval swelling, and discharge colour, during a heat cycle rarely accurately reflect the important blood hormone changes. To further complicate matters, in many bi***es, sexual receptivity to the stud dog does not coincide with her most fertile period. Determining the timing of ovulation is critical for a successful pregnancy, even if that pregnancy has to be achieved by insemination rather than a natural breeding. Improper timing of breeding is the most common cause of unsuccessful pregnancy and infertility.
The reproductive physiology of the bitch is unusual in that the eggs released are immature at the time of ovulation. They require approximately 48 hours after ovulation to reach maturity at which point they are fertilisable by the s***m cells. The fertilization period of the eggs then lasts for 2-3 days.
So the optimum time for a mating, or a chilled insemination, is 2-5 days after ovulation. Giving an optimum fertile window of just 3 days.
Good quality canine semen can survive within the female reproductive tract for 5-7 days so this does allow for some degree of error when ovulation is being guessed and not analysed. Many breeders have their own chosen dates for breeding (e.g. 11 and 13 days after the onset of pro-oestrus), however, breeding this way can result in limited success, lower pregnancy rates and smaller litters.
It is highly recommended to use complementary clinical tests to accurately time ovulation therefore pinpointing the optimum breeding time to ensure a confirmed pregnancy and optimum litter size.
At Grantham Breeder Services we can assist your breeding programme by performing a blood analysis to determine blood progesterone concentration and your bitch’s most fertile period. This is the most useful and accurate measure to pinpoint exact ovulation. It involves serial blood testing that tracks the pattern of increase in progesterone concentration levels from a baseline level, through to the anticipation of ovulation, confirmation of ovulation and the onset of the fertilisation period.
We recommend to start blood progesterone testing 7-9 days after the start of your bitch’s heat. If preferred an initial cytology examination can be performed to ensure commencing blood testing is relevant at that time and not too early.
As serial testing is necessary the blood analysis is repeated every 2-4 days dependent on the result.
Our own in house blood serum Progesterone analyser gives a precise result, usually within 40 minutes. We can accurately measure to the same standard as an external Veterinary Laboratory. Then from the blood concentration result we can advise on a further test schedule, or mating plan.
Running blood Progesterone and cytology alongside each other gives an improved clinical picture and is an option we can offer our clients.
Please contact us for further information regarding the above services.
For more details and price please see our website:
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