24/10/2025
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The Old English Sheepdog (OES) is a distinctive and iconic breed, instantly recognisable by its thick, shaggy coat and rolling bear-like gait. Despite the name, the breed is not especially ancient or strictly used for sheep herding. They originated in England during the early 1800s and were primarily developed in the rural regions of southwestern England. Their main role was that of a droverโs dog - moving livestock, particularly cattle and sheep, from farms to market. The breed's ancestry likely includes a mixture of European herding dogs, such as the Bearded Collie and various types of Russian and European working breeds, bred for stamina, intelligence and ruggedness.
Sadly, the OES is now considered rare and is listed on the UK's list of Vulnerable Native Breeds. This is largely due to its declining popularity, grooming demands and changing lifestyle preferences among dog owners.
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The OES is a large, strong and muscular dog with a square build. Their most striking feature is their dense, double coat, which is profusely shaggy and weather-resistant. The coat can come in shades of grey, blue or blue merle, typically with contrasting white markings on the head, chest and legs. One of the hallmark characteristics of the breed is its head, often obscured by a thick fringe of hair that partially covers its expressive eyes, which may be brown, blue or heterochromatic (one of each). Historically, their tails were docked ๐ข, giving rise to the nickname 'bobtail', though this practice is now thankfully illegal in many countries and many OES' nowadays are seen with beautiful, plumed tails.
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The temperament of the OES is gentle, affectionate, good-natured and dependable. This breed forms close bonds with their family and is known for being especially gentle and patient with children. Despite their size, they are often a sensitive and soft-hearted companion that thrives on human interaction. They tend to be sociable, preferring to be in the company of people rather than left alone for extended periods. OES' are often playful, comical and clownish, retaining a puppy-like exuberance well into adulthood.
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The breed retains strong herding instincts and some individuals may attempt to herd children, other animals or even adults by nudging or circling them. They are naturally alert and protective of their home and family, often vocal, with a deep, resonant bark, making them effective watchdogs. However, they are not known for aggression and are typically reserved rather than confrontational with strangers.
As mentioned above, they thrive on companionship and can suffer from separation anxiety if left alone too often.
They are adaptable to various home environments as long as their needs are met but they are not ideal for apartments due to their size and energy levels.
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Intelligence:
Intellectually, the OES is a highly intelligent breed, bred to think independently while working livestock. They are quick to learn and capable of performing complex tasks but their intelligence also means they can become bored if under-stimulated. Some individuals may also exhibit a streak of independence if training is not consistent and engaging. Their ability to learn quickly makes them good candidates for canine sports, including hoopers, agility, obedience and even herding trials.
Trainability:
The OES responds best to gentle, patient, consistent, positive reinforcement training and early socialisation. Harsh correction is counterproductive with this sensitive breed. They benefit from early exposure to different people, environments and situations to prevent timidity or wariness. Training should be mentally stimulating and interactive, as repetitive or dull exercises can cause the OES to lose interest.
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Exercise is a critical component of life with an OES. Although they may appear mellow indoors, these dogs require moderate to high levels of daily physical and mental activity to stay healthy and content. Ideally, they should receive at least one to two hours of daily exercise, which can include brisk walks, play sessions and off lead time in a safe area. In addition to physical activity, mental stimulation is equally important for the OES. Without adequate exercise and engagement, they may become bored, anxious or develop destructive behaviours.
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As pets, OES' are excellent family dogs but are best suited to homes that can accommodate their size, energy and grooming requirements. They are not typically well-suited to apartment living unless they are given ample outdoor access and exercise - they are much better suited to homes with a sufficiently sized and enclosed garden. They thrive in households where someone is home for most of the day, as they do not do well in isolation. They also need owners who are committed to regular grooming as their thick coat can easily become matted or dirty if neglected. This breed is not a good match for individuals who prefer low-maintenance pets.
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Health-wise, the OES is generally robust but is prone to a number of hereditary conditions. These include hip dysplasia, various eye disorders such as progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) and cataracts. They can also be susceptible to autoimmune conditions, hypothyroidism and congenital deafness. Skin issues, including hot spots and allergies can occur - often as a result of insufficient grooming or dietary sensitivities. Due to the breedโs grooming needs and potential health concerns, regular grooming, veterinary checkups and preventive care are essential, along with a high-quality diet and responsible breeding practices.
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The typical lifespan of an OES ranges from 10 to 12 years, although some can live longer with attentive care, proper nutrition and a healthy lifestyle.
With their charming personalities, distinctive shaggy appearance and affectionate nature, OES' make wonderful family pets for those willing to meet their physical, mental and grooming needs. For the right home, the Old English Sheepdog offers a unique blend of intelligence, devotion and character that makes them a truly rewarding companion.
And guess what - there's a reason why I've made this week's Breed Focus Friday about the Old English Sheepdog. Can you guess why? ๐
