03/09/2024
Facts about YELLOW-LEGGED ASIAN HORNET (Vespa velutina)
• A single Yellow-Legged Asian hornet queen arrived in France around 2004, an accidental import from China
• The insect has since invaded many parts of Western Europe
• They were first discovered in the UK in 2016
• Between 2016 and 2022 there were 23 confirmed sightings in the UK, including 13 nests
• In 2023 there were 72 nests found in 56 locations – more than the previous six years combined
• A voracious predator which poses a significant threat to honey bees and all native insects – it has no natural predators in the UK
• An average nest can consume over 11kg of insects in one year
• They have already altered the biodiversity in France, where they are present
• Their habit of hovering outside the hive stops the bees from collecting nectar and pollen to feed themselves
• Can now be found in 12 European countries
• Some make their way to the UK by flying across the channel – other routes include via ferries, containers and vehicles
• We need eyes on the ground everywhere – in towns and cities, parks and woodland areas…. ports, marinas, garden centres, orchards, vineyards, parks, timber yards, fruit and veg wholesalers, transport hubs and gardens need to be extra vigilant.
• Yellow-Legged Asian hornets have been found on ferries, sailing boats, and in imported goods such wood, soil and other horticulture products.
• Sightings should be reported, complete with an image if possible, via the Asian Hornet Watch app - available on app store for Android and iPhone
• The National Bee Unit (NBU) will then follow up reports and destroy their nests
• A single hornet is unlikely to cause injury if left alone
• They can become very aggressive if their nest is disturbed – keep a distance of at least 10 metres away
• The Yellow-Legged Asian hornet is a ‘reportable’ pest – if spotted, it should be reported to the National Bee Unit as soon as possible via the app
• The first confirmed sighting in 2024 was on 11th March, found in a potting shed at Ash, near Canterbury in Kent – a month earlier than the previous year
• Asian hornets have a stinger up to 3.5mm long, and they can use it multiple times
• Primary nests are roughly 5 -10 cm in diameter. These can often be found in
sheds, garages, porches, bird boxes, hedgerows and brambles, even vehicle engines – generally at a height of less than 10m
• Secondary nests will be built close to primary nests, usually within a distance of 100m. These are usually found in the tops of trees, but those built lower down are a danger to those who might accidentally disturb them; for example those in hedges, bramble patches, utility boxes etc. They can be very difficult to spot when concealed by vegetation
• One nest can produce 350+ queens, some of which will begin new colonies the following year
• Asian hornets present one of the biggest threats to UK honey bees and other pollinators in a generation
• Not to be confused with “Vespa mandarinia”, the Asian giant hornet, aka ‘murder hornet’. This, to date, has never been found in Europe
• All our efforts are currently working towards eradication