27/01/2023
Fabulous post by Jessie Sams - so much to take into account if we want to travel our horses.
🐴🐴🐴LOADING AND TRAVELLING PROBLEMS 🐴🐴🐴
From an ethological perspective loading is incredibly unnatural for horses they would not deliberately seek out or go into small , dark spaces or confined areas that may also have a strange odour. A lorry or trailer is a very alien environment for a horse .They will naturally be much safer from danger or attack and feel less vulnerable in a wide open space with their herd. Safety in numbers equals more eyes, ears and alarm systems (amygdalas) to detect signs of threat and to take appropriate action to avoid danger or potential threat should they become apparent.
As a result they will not automatically feel safe, secure and calm in this type of space or environment. This is something they need to learn through the facilitation of repeated positive and safe experiences. This may also include addressing root cause alongside . It is vital to remember horses do not all have difficulties with loading for the same reason so different approaches may be required or additional elements such as separation distress, claustrophobia or even pain which should be addressed by your vet.
Broadly speaking loading problems can be divided into two types of issue :
1. Problems with loading .
2. Problems with travelling.
Loading and travelling problems are not all created equal and there are many different reasons why they occur. It is vital to address root cause and not just focus on the main symptom of the problem the loading or travelling issue.
Some reasons why a horse may not load or travel well are:
🐴 Lack of previous experience.
🐴 Negative/traumatic experience such as an accident or bad journey
🐴 Separation distress/anxiety
🐴Fear /neophobia
🐴 Claustrophobia
🐴Anxiety about the destination ie vets, show venue etc
🐴 Aversive training
🐴Poor handler/caregiver relationship
🐴Handler/caregiver anxiety
🐴 Bad driving
🐴Issues with the vehicle such as too low, too narrow, ramp depth etc
🐴Musculoskeletal problems
🐴 Neurological problems ie stringhalt or shivers
🐴 Vestibular disease
🐴Sensory deficit (blindness/deafness)
🐴 Mild laminitis
🐴 Ulcers
🐴 Generic pain
🐴 Illness
🐴Motion sickness
Help my horse loads leaving to go out but won’t load coming home ?
This is an INCREDIBLY common issue facing horse caregivers and their horses. It also often seems counterintuitive as leaving home is one thing but surely they should want to go home to their friends? As stated above loading is VERY unnatural and extremely stressful for horses. It is one of the scariest tasks we ask of them . Shows, clinic environments and vets are in addition extremely challenging environments for a horse to be in even if they are seasoned at it or the horse enjoys them such as a long hack with equine friends . This means that your horse may be more stressed and over-aroused than they were leaving home the same might also be true for you too especially if you had a difficult day. Horses encounter various stressors and novelty when away from home such as unfamiliar horses, sights , sounds, smells, even tastes such as different drinking water in addition to undertaking activities that increase arousal such as showjumping , eventing or a dressage test. All of this means their levels of tension may be heightened , when you add the cumulative stressful experience of loading this enough to take them outside of their window of tolerance as a result of stimulus/trigger stacking . As a consequence loading is more challenging for them and us . Your horse is also has no idea where they are going.
Treating a loading problem involves addressing root cause alongside creating safe experiences , managing the environment and offering choice and control to the horse. It is possible to accomplish this without the use of aversive equipment using trauma informed principles.
References
Butterfield, C., Grumpelt, B., Kimmel, D., Patterson, R., Jones, K., Scott, S. L., & Schaefer, A. (2018). The pretransport management of stress in performance horses. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 69, 145-148.
Houpt, K. A., & Wickens, C. L. (2014). Handling and transport of horses. Livestock handling and transport, 315-341.
Padalino, B. (2015). Effects of the different transport phases on equine health status, behavior, and welfare: A review. Journal of Veterinary Behavior, 10(3), 272-282.
Chicago
Padalino, B., Henshall, C., Raidal, S. L., Knight, P., Celi, P., Jeffcott, L., & Muscatello, G. (2017). Investigations into equine transport-related problem behaviors: survey results. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 48, 166-173.
Padalino, B., Rogers, C. W., Guiver, D., Bridges, J. P., & Riley, C. B. (2018). Risk factors for transport-related problem behaviors in horses: a New Zealand survey. Animals, 8(8), 134.
©️Jessie Sams(2022) Beeching Horse Behaviour and Animal Behaviour and Trauma Recovery Service