Vintage Veterinary Pharmacy-agrovet

19/04/2025

The correlation between earlobe color and eggshell color in chickens is a well-known general rule in poultry science, though it has some exceptions. Here's a scientific explanation:

Scientific Background

1. Genetics of Eggshell Color
Egg color is primarily determined by genetic factors related to pigments deposited during egg formation:

White eggs: No pigment added; the eggshell is naturally white, made mostly of calcium carbonate.

Brown eggs: Pigmented by protoporphyrin IX, a byproduct of hemoglobin, deposited in the shell gland.

Blue or green eggs: Colored by biliverdin, a pigment derived from bile.

2. Earlobe Color and Egg Color Correlation
The color of a chicken's earlobe (the fleshy part below the ear opening) is genetically linked to other traits, including egg color, due to close associations on the chicken's chromosomes.

Chickens with white earlobes typically lay white eggs (e.g., Leghorns).

Chickens with red earlobes usually lay brown eggs (e.g., Rhode Island Reds, Plymouth Rocks).

Exceptions exist, especially with blue egg layers like Araucanas and Ameraucanas, which can have red or white earlobes but still lay blue/green eggs due to the Oocyan gene.

3. Why This Correlation? It’s not the earlobe itself that causes the egg color, but rather both traits are governed by closely linked genes on the same chromosome. So, when selecting for egg color in breeding, earlobe color became an observable trait that correlated with the hidden genetic trait of eggshell color.

12/04/2025

Artificial Insemination in Dogs:

Artificial insemination (AI) in dogs involves collecting semen from a male dog and depositing it into the female's reproductive tract to induce fertilization. This method allows for breeding dogs that are physically separated, preserves semen for future use, and can increase the success of breeding programs.

How it works:
Semen Collection:
Semen is collected from the male dog through a manual process.
Semen Analysis:
The collected semen is analyzed to assess its quality and s***m count.
Insemination:
The semen is then deposited into the female dog's reproductive tract using one of several methods:

Transva**nal Insemination:
The semen is inserted into the va**na near the cervix.
Transcervical Insemination:
A catheter is used to insert the semen directly into the cervix.
Intrauterine Insemination:
Surgical or endoscopic methods are used to deposit the semen into the uterus.

Monitoring Ovulation:
To determine the optimal time for insemination, veterinarians often monitor the female's estrous cycle using va**nal cytology and/or progesterone testing.

Pregnancy Confirmation:
Pregnancy can be confirmed through ultrasound or blood tests several weeks after insemination.

Benefits of AI in dogs:

Overcoming Distance:
AI allows dogs to breed without being physically present.
Semen Preservation:
Semen can be frozen and stored for future use, enabling access to valuable breeding stock even after their death or the end of their reproductive period.
Reduced Inbreeding:
AI allows breeders to access a wider gene pool, reducing the risk of inbreeding.
Increased Success Rates:
In some cases, AI can lead to higher conception rates compared to natural breeding.

Considerations:
Veterinary Expertise:
AI procedures should be performed by experienced veterinarians or veterinary technicians.
Semen Quality:
The success of AI depends on the quality of the semen used.
Timing of Insemination:
Insemination must be timed correctly with the female's estrous cycle.
Cost:
AI services can be more expensive than natural breeding.

28/10/2024

27/05/2024

26/05/2024

Trainings…..

28/11/2023

Commonly used in fluids

28/11/2023

*IS LIQUID PARAFFIN NECESSARY FOR CHICKS?*

After hatching, chicks take longer to start feeding on their own. Farmers are encouraged to give chicks liquid paraffin,at our farm we use it for the first four days after hatching

*Need for liquid paraffin to day-old chicks;*

1. It increases chicks' eating appetite.

2. The highly refined liquid helps to lubricate the food pathway.

3. It increases the chances of survival of the chicks.

4. It clears the throat in preparation for feed ingestion. It softens the throat as the oil is fine and smooth.

5. As the oil moves down the digestive system, it clears the gut and pushes any particles downwards.

6. It helps to reduce chances of constipation.

20/10/2023

Would you treat snake 🐍🤣🥰🥰🤞

29/09/2023

Canine Pseudopregnancy:
***************************

Pseudopregnancy in dogs
(Kindly read and share 🙏)

Pseudopregnancy, also known as false pregnancy or pseudocyesis, is a condition in which a female dog displays signs of pregnancy despite not being pregnant. These signs can include nesting behavior, weight gain, enlarged mammary glands, and even lactation.

It's a hormonal response that can occur in intact (non-spayed) female dogs, typically around 6 to 12 weeks after their heat cycle. The body's hormonal fluctuations can mimic pregnancy, even though there is no actual pregnancy.

Most cases of pseudopregnancy in dogs resolve on their own without intervention. However, if the symptoms are severe or persistent, it's advisable to consult with a veterinarian. In some cases, the vet may prescribe medications to alleviate symptoms or, if the condition becomes recurrent and problematic, spaying might be recommended.

Pseudopregnancy in dogs is primarily triggered by hormonal fluctuations, particularly changes in progesterone and prolactin levels. Here are some common causes:

Unsuccessful Mating or Infertility: If a dog goes through a heat cycle but doesn't conceive, the body may still respond as if it were pregnant.

Sensitivity to Hormonal Changes: Some dogs are more sensitive to hormonal changes, making them prone to pseudopregnancy.

Ovulation Without Mating: If a female ovulates without mating, it can lead to pseudopregnancy.

Hormonal Imbalance: Fluctuations in hormones, particularly progesterone and prolactin, can contribute to the development of false pregnancy.

Breed Predisposition: Certain breeds, especially those with strong maternal instincts, are more susceptible to pseudopregnancy.

Stress and Environmental Factors: Stress or changes in the dog's environment can influence hormonal balance and contribute to pseudopregnancy.

Symptoms

The symptoms of pseudopregnancy in dogs can mimic those of a real pregnancy. Common signs include:

Enlarged Mammary Glands: The mammary glands may become swollen and more prominent.

Lactation: Some dogs may produce milk, leading to lactation.

Nesting Behavior: The dog might exhibit nesting behaviors, such as gathering items to create a "nest."

Protective Behavior: Increased protectiveness over toys or objects, as if they were puppies.

Changes in Appetite: Appetite changes, either an increase or decrease in food intake.

Abdominal Enlargement: The abdomen may appear distended, mimicking the appearance of pregnancy.

Restlessness or Agitation: Behavioral changes such as restlessness or agitation.

Mothering of Objects: A dog may mother or guard objects as if they were her puppies.

Treatment

Treatment for pseudopregnancy in dogs depends on the severity of symptoms and the impact on the dog's well-being. Here are some common approaches:

Monitoring: In many cases, mild pseudopregnancy resolves on its own without intervention. Monitoring the dog's behavior and symptoms may be sufficient.

Comfort Measures: Providing a comfortable and quiet environment can help ease the dog's stress and anxiety associated with pseudopregnancy.

Dietary Adjustments: Adjusting the dog's diet, such as reducing caloric intake, may help manage weight gain and lactation.

Avoiding Nesting: Discourage nesting behaviors to prevent reinforcing the false pregnancy.

Hormonal Medications: In severe cases, a veterinarian may prescribe hormonal medications to suppress lactation and other symptoms. These medications are typically used with caution and under professional guidance.

Spaying: For dogs experiencing recurrent or severe pseudopregnancy, spaying (ovariohysterectomy) may be recommended. Spaying eliminates the hormonal fluctuations that lead to false pregnancy.

Management

Managing pseudopregnancy in dogs involves a combination of behavioral and medical approaches. Here are some strategies:

Behavioral Management:

Avoid Reinforcing Behaviors: Discourage nesting and mothering behaviors to prevent reinforcing the false pregnancy.

Provide Distractions: Engage the dog in activities and play to redirect attention from nesting tendencies.

Maintain Routine: Stick to a consistent daily routine to reduce stress and anxiety.

Dietary Adjustments:

Modify Diet: Adjust the dog's diet to meet her nutritional needs without excessive caloric intake. Consult with a veterinarian for appropriate dietary changes.

Comfort Measures:

Create a Comfortable Environment: Provide a quiet and comfortable space for the dog to reduce stress.

Use Comfort Items: Offer soft bedding or toys for comfort.

Medical Intervention:

Hormonal Medications: In severe cases, hormonal medications may be prescribed by a veterinarian to suppress lactation and other symptoms.

Spaying: Consider spaying if the dog experiences recurrent or severe pseudopregnancy. Spaying eliminates the hormonal fluctuations that lead to false pregnancy.

Regular Veterinary Check-ups:

Monitoring Health: Regular veterinary check-ups help monitor the dog's overall health and address any emerging issues.

Early Intervention:

Recognize Signs Early: Be attentive to early signs of pseudopregnancy and seek veterinary advice promptly if symptoms are concerning.

Discuss Breeding Plans: If you have plans to breed your dog, consult with a veterinarian to ensure a well-managed breeding program that minimizes the risk of false pregnancies.

Side effects of pseudopregnancy in dogs in long term health

Pseudopregnancy itself is not typically associated with serious long-term health issues in dogs. However, if the condition becomes recurrent or severe, it may impact the dog's well-being in various ways:

Behavioral Changes:

Repeated pseudopregnancies can lead to behavioral changes, such as increased anxiety or stress, which may affect the overall mental well-being of the dog.

Weight Gain and Obesity:

Pseudopregnancy may be accompanied by changes in appetite and metabolism, potentially leading to weight gain. Obesity can contribute to various health problems.

Reproductive Issues:

Persistent pseudopregnancy might interfere with a dog's reproductive health, affecting future breeding plans if applicable.

Nursing-Related Complications:

Lactation associated with pseudopregnancy may lead to complications such as mastitis (inflammation of the mammary glands) if not managed properly.

Recurrent Hormonal Fluctuations:

Hormonal fluctuations associated with repeated pseudopregnancies might theoretically impact the endocrine system, but the extent of these effects is not well-documented.

It's important to note that individual dogs may respond differently to pseudopregnancy, and the severity of symptoms can vary. While the condition itself is not typically a direct threat to a dog's long-term health, addressing recurrent or severe cases with the guidance of a veterinarian is essential to ensure the well-being of the animal. In some instances, if the condition is problematic, spaying might be recommended to prevent future occurrences. Always consult with a veterinarian for advice tailored to your specific situation.

Veterinarian To Be

Everyone