VET Knowledge

28/04/2024

27/04/2024

Happy world veterinary day 2024
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27/04/2024

Vaccination schedule

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Working time

21/04/2024

HEN REPRODUCTION
The reproductive system of the female chicken is in two parts: the o***y and oviduct. Unlike most female animals, which have two functioning ovaries, the chicken usually has only one. The right o***y stops developing when the female chick hatches, but the left one continues to mature.

The o***y is a cluster of sacs attached to the hen's back about midway between the neck and the tail. It is fully formed when the chicken hatches and contains several thousand tiny ova, each o**m within its own follicle. As the female reaches maturity, these ova develop a few at a time into yolks.
As the o**m develops and gets larger, you can see the stigma line (clear line on each o**m). This is where the yolk is released.

On the surface of every egg yolk there can be seen a tiny, whitish spot called the blastodisc. This contains a single female cell. If s***m is present when a yolk enters the infundibulum, a single s***m penetrates the blastodisc, fertilizing it and the blastodisc becomes a blastoderm. Technically, the blastoderm is the true egg. Shortly after fertilization, the blastoderm begins to divide into 2, 4, 8, and more cells. The first stages of embryonic development have begun and continue until the egg is laid. Development then subsides until the egg is incubated. When s***m and ova unite, this process is called fertilization. After fertilization, the egg can develop and become a chick. Only fertilized eggs grow into chicks. The chicks grow and become adult birds.

The oviduct is a tube-like organ lying along the backbone between the o***y and the tail. In a mature hen, it is approximately 25 to 27 inches long. The yolk is completely formed in the o***y. When a yolk is fully developed, its follicle ruptures, releasing it from the o***y. It then enters the infundibulum, the entrance of the oviduct (see below).

All of the other parts of the egg are added to the yolk as it passes through the oviduct. The chalazae, albumen, shell membranes, and shell are formed around the yolk to make the complete egg, which is then laid. This complete cycle usually requires a little more than 24 hours. About 30 minutes after the egg is laid, another yolk is released and the process repeats itself.
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21/04/2024

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21/04/2024

Animal Gestation periods

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Funny animals 😂🤣

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Different Animals Species Normal Physiology

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Pig Genetal System

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27/03/2024

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Collection animal data 🥰
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25/03/2024

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24/03/2024

Breeding behaviour expresed during breeding period.
Successful reproduction involves a range of behaviors, from finding an appropriate mate, courting, and copulation, to the successful production and (in oviparous animals) deposition of eggs following mating.
What are the behaviors of breeding animals?
Mating behaviour in animals includes the signaling of intent to mate, the attraction of mates, courtship, copulation, postcopulatory behaviours that protect a male's paternity, and parental behaviour. Parental behaviour ranges from none to vigilant care by both parents and even by additional group members. Biologists…
What are the different types of mating behavior?
Three general mating systems, all involving innate as opposed to learned behaviors, are seen in animal populations: monogamous (monogamy), polygynous (polygyny), and polyandrous (polyandry). In monogamous systems, one male and one female are paired for at least one breeding season.
Why is mating behavior important?
Behaviors during mating also are important for reproductive fitness (Markow and O'Grady 2008) and are variable. These include copulation duration as well as interactions that determine whether gametes will be present for fertilization.
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24/03/2024

Difference between Hay and Straw

23/03/2024

Milking method
The recommended milking method is to use the whole hand (Full Hand Method). The method is: - To milk by giving pressure of the finger one by one. - The hand should be opened each time, so that the milk will refill the teat canal. - Left and right hand should milk alternatively.
What are the steps in the milking process?
Observation. Make sure to identify cows that must be milked last or that are receiving treatment (e.g. those identified with a leg band).
Forestripping. ...
Cleaning the teats. ...
Attaching the milking unit. ...
Adjusting the milking unit. ...
End of milking. ...
Milking unit removal. ...
Disinfection.
What is hand milking process?
Simplified, this means squeezing the milk channel at the base of the udder and then continue the squeeze up to the end of the teat. Doing this by hand means you take the teat in your hand with the thumb and pointing finger pressed to the base of the udder.
What is the best method of milking?
Dry the udder with clean cloth from the tip of the teat upward. Always ensure that milking is performed with full hand method (Not with folded thumb), quickly, completely and comfortably (Animal should feel comfortable). Milking should be by gentle squeezing of teats NOT by dragging or giving jerks to teats.
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17/03/2024

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16/03/2024

Intravenous injections (IV)
Certain medications can be irritating to muscle tissue and must be given by IV. Any large vein will work for an IV injection, including the milk vein ahead of the udder on a lactating cow or the jugular vein on either side of the neck in the groove above the animal's windpipe and esophagus.
How is IV fluids given?
IV fluids are specially formulated liquids that are injected into a vein to prevent or treat dehydration. They're used in people of all ages who are sick, injured, dehydrated from exercise or heat, or undergoing surgery. Intravenous rehydration is a simple, safe and common procedure with a low risk of complications.
How do you give saline to a cow?
For treating dehydrated adult ruminants, HS (2400 mOsm/L, 4-5 mL/kg i.v. over 4-5 minutes) should be administered through the jugular vein and the cow allowed to drink water. This means that 2 L of HS should be administered to adult cattle.
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16/03/2024

Types of injections
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12/03/2024

Small dog breeds

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Bull te**is

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The dental formula of some animal

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COW MILK VS BUFFALO MILK
Buffalo milk is more thicker and contains slightly more vitamins and minerals than cow milk. However, cow milk more preferred due to following reasons: The fat and protein of cow milk are more easily digestible than those of buffalo milk. The cow milk has also got greater amount of vitamins and minerals.

04/03/2024

Milking method
The recommended milking method is to use the whole hand (Full Hand Method). The method is: - To milk by giving pressure of the finger one by one. - The hand should be opened each time, so that the milk will refill the teat canal. - Left and right hand should milk alternatively.