04/11/2024
101 Rabbit Care Questions Answered (Parts 1-10)
Part of RRP’s Mission is to spread awareness on proper rabbit care. In the past, I’ve responded to hundreds of messages from people asking about rabbit-care related questions. To help as many as we can (if you happen to stumble across this page or are following us here), we are doing an online marathon of posts that can answer some of the questions people ask all the time, and others that you probably haven’t thought of yet. I hope you find them useful.
#1 Are rabbits rodents?- No, They are lagamorphs. The main difference is their set of teeth. Lagamorphs have a total of 4 incisors in their upper jaw. Rodents, on the other hand, only have two. In addition, Lagamorphs like rabbits are able to synthesize their own vitamin C (from glucose), rats, mice, Guinea pigs, and chinchillas are not. This means your rabbit’s pellets are not appropriate to feed your rat or Guinea pig friends. Conversely, your Guinea pig’s/Rat’s/Chinchilla’s pellets are also not appropriate to feed rabbits since they have added Vitamin C which can cause kidney damage.
#2 Can Rabbits and Rodents Live Together?- No. They are not supposed to share enclosures. Yes, they can play together, visit, and they can ever share their HAY on occasion. However, living together full-time is out of the question. Rabbits can be carriers of bacterial infections like Bordetella Bronchiseptica, which can severely affect Guinea pigs.
#3 Why can’t rabbits eat pellets exclusively?- Pellets, even the most expensive and highest quality ones are not enough to provide the nutrients a rabbit needs to thrive. Hay comprises 80% of a rabbit’s diet because it not only provides micronutrients but also allows for the proper wearing down of their teeth. The cutting and grinding mechanism that happens when your bunny eats hay is what naturally wears down their incisors and molars. Failure to provide your rabbits with hay daily will lead to dental problems down the road, if not the immediate future.
#4 How often should a rabbit’s nails be cut/trimmed?- On average, you should trim your rabbit’s nails at least once a month. This is, of course, if you can get as close to the quick (blood vessels in the nails/nail bed core) without cutting into it. If you are a bit iffy on this or your rabbit is hard to contain for long periods, then you are better off doing small incremental cuts every couple of weeks. NOTE: NOT CUTTING YOUR RABBIT’S NAILS REGULARLY CAN SOMETIMES RESULT IN THE QUICK GETTING TOO LONG, THEREFORE MAKING IT MORE DIFFICULT TO TRIM WITHOUT CAUSING INJURY.
#5 What is BioFilm and how does it affect your rabbits?- Biofilm is an accumulation of bacteria and other harmful microorganisms in your pet’s food and/or water bowl. Tell-tale signs of the presence of biofilm is that unmistakable slimy coating that is found at the bottom or around the bowl. This accumulation of biological contaminants can lead to various infections or illnesses. You can protect your rabbit (or cat/dog/chinchilla/Guinea pig) from the effects of biofilm simply by washing and scrubbing their bowl (or water bottle) at least once a day.
#6 Can rabbits safely live in a house where there are cats and dogs?- YES, they CAN. However, this would require a lot of preparation on your part. First, your dog should ideally have the least amount of prey drive. This is usually breed-specific. That is, herding, hunting, and working dogs are prone to chasing small animals as this is what they’ve been bred to do for generations. Huskies, Shepherds, Collies, and hounds are just some of the breeds with extremely high prey drive. The same goes for cats as they are natural predators, despite their usual diminutive size. CONTINUED NEXT SLIDE
The key is proper introduction. It is also prudent that you have effective methods to keep one or all of your animals contained if or when tenuous situations arise, i.e. if your cat or dog starts chasing your rabbit or show any kind of aggressive behavior. If you are a multi-specie household, be sure to crate train your cat or dog and have a safe pen or oversized cage for your rabbit when they cannot be supervised. NOTE: REGARDLESS OF HOW CLOSE OR LOVING THE RELATIONSHIP IS BETWEEN YOUR CAT/DOG AND RABBIT, NEVER EVER ALLOW THEM TO PLAY OR INTERACT WITHOUT CLOSE SUPERVISION.
#7 How long do rabbits live?- There are two major factors that affect longevity in rabbits. First is their diet and upbringing. The second one is genetics. Generally, larger breeds such as Flemish giants, Continental giants, German Giants, Checkered Giants have shorter life spans (between 5-8 years). Smaller breeds such as Holland Lops, Netherland Dwarf, and Hotot live a bit longer between 10-12 years. There are of course rare exceptions (See world record for oldest living rabbit in captivity/domesticated). If given the proper diet, kept away from natural predators and other dangers, and provided adequate vet care, your rabbit can maximize his/her longevity regardless of the breed. QUICK NOTE: In my experience, mongrels or mixed breed rabbits tend to live the longest. People have a misconception that pure-bred rabbits are the healthiest. On the contrary, selective breeding is one of the causes of genetic anomalies and defects that can drastically reduce a rabbit’s life span as well as overall quality of life.
#8 Can Intact (Unspayed/Un-neutered) Rabbits be Bonded?- NO. Unless hormones are taken out of the equation completely, no two rabbits can be truly considered bonded. While there are very rare exceptions, two or more intact bunnies will likely get into a fight or a violent scuffle. It may not happen for a very long time (months or years) but it will happen and at the most inopportune times (like when it’s the dead of night and everyone is sleeping). When the fight happens and escalates to a point where one or both drew blood, there is very little chance that they will ever get back to being friends. This is true for male as well as female rabbits. If you want to forge a real bonded relationship between and among your rabbits, be sure to have them spayed and neutered and wait a couple of months or more before starting the bonding process. If you want two or more rabbits, be sure to spay and neuter them before any attempts at bonding.
#9 Is Neutering and Spaying Safe for Rabbits?- Yes. Modern advances in veterinary medicine has made spaying and neutering rabbits a routine procedure. As a precaution, most vets would do a pre-op blood screening (Chem 11) to ensure that the rabbit is healthy enough to undergo surgery. NOTE: NOT ALL VETS DO THIS ROUTINELY SO IF YOURS DO NOT REQUIRE IT AND YOU WISH TO HAVE PEACE OF MIND, YOU CAN ASK THEM TO RUN A BLOOD PANEL.
#10 Why should we neuter or spay our rabbits?- Spaying female rabbits virtually eliminates the risk of uterine and other reproductive cancers (Ovarian, mammary). Neutering males will also eliminate the risk of testicular cancer. Getting your rabbit fixed also makes for easier litter training and it allows for them to bond with other rabbits, which is necessary if you wish your rabbits to live together. Spaying and neutering also eliminates the risk of unwanted litters. NOTE: Un-spayed females are about 60% more likely to develop reproductive cancers once they hit 4 years of age and the risk just increases from there as they get much older.