07/01/2022
Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR), also known as sheep and goat plague, is a highly contagious animal disease affecting domestic and wild small ruminants.
Causes:
It is caused by a virus belonging to the genus Morbillivirus, family Paramixoviridae. Once newly introduced, the virus can infect up to 90 percent of an animal heard, and the disease kills anywhere up to 70 percent of infected animals. The PPR virus does not infect humans.
A PPR outbreak is an emergency due to its rapid spread and high animal mortality rate. Fatal diseases of small ruminants, such as PPR, affect the already vulnerable livelihoods and can decimate the savings of poor populations, in particular in pastoral areas. People become desperate when they lose their assets. PPR outbreaks, and the desperation due to the loss, can therefore trigger turmoil, migration, and volatile security situations. Eradicating PPR will increase sustainability, alleviate poverty, improve the resilience of poor pastoralists and their communities, enable them to better cope with other shocks and threats, prevent forced migration and mitigate extremist trends.
Clinical signs:
It is characterized by the sudden onset of depression,
fever,
discharges from the eyes and nose,
sores in the mouth,
disturbed breathing and cough,
foul-smelling diarrhoea and death.
Treatment:
No specific treatment is recommended for PPR being viral disease. But supportive therapy is given :
Broad spectrum antibiotics,
intestinal sedatives and
fluid therapy
Are used for the treatment of pneumonia and diarrhoea and the restoration of the body fluid ionic balance
Plus lubricating the inner mouth with glycerin or Somogel
Vaccination is available.