12/16/2025
Did You Know?
• A growing body of research shows that inadequate hydration increases cortisol spikes in response to stress
• In cold weather, horses naturally drink less, even when water is readily available
• Horses drank 40% more water when it was offered at 66°F compared to 32–38°F
• 82% of daily water intake occurs within the first 3 hours after feeding
• This makes feed time the most critical window for providing fresh, warm water
Why This Matters
Reduced water intake quietly increases:
• physiological stress
• digestive strain
• risk of impactions
• muscle and fascial stiffness
Winter Hydration, Stress, and Electrolytes in Horses
Cold weather naturally reduces a horse’s thirst — but hydration is just as critical in winter as in summer. When water intake drops, stress hormones rise, digestion slows, and muscles and fascia lose elasticity.
Most winter dehydration happens quietly. If water is too cold or not refreshed at feeding time, horses simply don’t drink enough.
Cold Weather Hydration Basics
Horses that drink less water are more prone to:
• dehydration
• dry manure and impaction colic
• poor digestion
• muscle stiffness and slower warm-ups
Practical tip:
Refill buckets with fresh, warm water at feeding time, when horses are most likely to drink.
Even small daily water deficits add up over time, increasing colic risk and physical stress.
Salt and Electrolytes Still Matter in Winter
Electrolytes aren’t just a summer concern. Cold weather creates its own hydration challenges.
Salt keeps horses drinking.
Cold temperatures blunt thirst, and many horses drink only 50–80% of their normal intake in winter. Salt stimulates thirst and supports circulation and digestion.
Salt helps the body retain water.
Salt doesn’t just increase drinking — it helps the body hold onto and properly distribute water. Without enough salt, water passes through too quickly and tissues remain dehydrated.
Why this matters:
Water alone doesn’t equal hydration. Salt allows water to actually hydrate tissues.
Winter Dehydration Is Often Missed
Cold-weather dehydration contributes to:
• impaction colic
• reduced performance
• muscle tightness
• poor circulation
Horses also lose electrolytes through urine, manure, normal metabolism, and moisture lost from the respiratory tract — even without visible sweat.
A horse can be dehydrated without ever looking sweaty.
Cold Stress Increases Daily Needs
To stay warm, horses burn more calories and rely on sodium and chloride for normal muscle and nerve function. Adequate hydration supports muscle firing, coordination, circulation, and heat production.
Blankets can further hide sweat and salt loss, allowing dehydration to build unnoticed.
What to Feed in Winter
Plain salt (daily):
Most horses need 1–2 tablespoons (15–30 g) of plain salt year-round. Salt blocks and licks are rarely sufficient.
Electrolytes:
Consider adding when the horse is in work, water intake drops, manure becomes drier, weather is cold and dry, or the horse sweats under blankets.
Choose salt-based, not sugar-based products.
In Essence
• Salt keeps horses drinking and helps retain water
• Electrolytes keep muscles and nerves functioning
• Hydration keeps the gut moving and tissues healthy
Winter hydration isn’t optional — it’s foundational to health, movement, and performance.
Learn more about it here -
https://koperequine.com/?s=Salt
