02/13/2023
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In this week's we are talking about gluteal muscles! The "glutes" is actually a group of three separate muscles that are close together and have a similar function. Let's take a closer look at each one.
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The medial (middle) glute is the largest, bulkiest and arguably strongest muscle in the equine body. This is the muscle that shapes the croup, giving it a round appearance. It has multiple origin points, including the ilium, sacral ligaments and the thoracolumbar and gluteal fascia. Through the fascia, this muscle is indirectly associated with the longissimus dorsi. This means that rider error and saddle fit can have a negative impact all the way back in the pelvic girdle. This muscle inserts on the greater trochanter of the femur.
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The superficial glute is a little more simple than the medial glute. Lying in a vertical position, the superficial glute originates in the gluteal fascia and inserts on the third trochanter of the femur. Again, having a strong fascial connection, this muscle will quickly compensate due to issues in other areas of the body.
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The gluteus profundus (think great, deep, profound) is the smallest and deepest of the glute muscles. It originates on the body of the ilium (pelvis) and inserts on the greater trochanter of the femur. This muscle lies directly over the hip joint.
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All three of these powerful glute muscles work together to abduct (pull away) the hindlimb from the body. The superficial and medial glutes also have the ability to extend the hip joint, which in turn retracts (draw back) the hindlimb.
Make sure to keep an eye out this Wednesday, as we will be looking at some gluteal examples on live horses.