05/04/2024
It’s Throwback Thursday! Horse history has plenty to teach us, and today, we’re diving into the origins America’s #1 horse breed.
The American Quarter Horse, the most popular horse breed in the U.S., originates from several bloodlines around the world. Despite the phrase, “They can turn on a dime and toss you back nine cents in change” used to describe the versatile breed, the Quarter’s name doesn’t come from coins at all.
The breed’s development began in Colonial America with none other than the everyday, all-purpose horses that had been brought over from England. These horses were capable of learning just about anything including riding, driving, and farm work in harness such as plowing fields. At the same time, the indigenous populations had another kind of horse: the still-developing ancestors of the modern Mustang. At that time, these horses were direct descendants of the Spanish Barbs brought to North America by the Spanish conquistadors. However, the Spanish Barb draws its origin from other Spanish breeds and the North African Barb (also known as the Amazigh and the Berber). As time went on, colonists sought the smaller but fast and surefooted horses bred by the Native Americans. Through trading with many tribes, most often the Chickasaw Nation, the colonists obtained these ponies. Through breeding them with their own English horses, they began to bring forth a whole new breed.
In England in the 1700s, a new kind of horse was stealing the spotlight. The responsible stud, Godolphin Arabian, is one of three recognized foundation sires to which all modern Thoroughbreds can trace their heritage. After a grandson of Godolphin Arabian was imported to the colonies, he changed the breed’s history by introducing a bloodline of faster and more powerful horses. Thanks to this influence, the Quarter Horse and the American Thoroughbred began to form. Though Thoroughbreds were preferred for their long-distance racing capabilities, the Quarter Horses were established short-distance sprinters. As the U.S. continued its history, Thoroughbreds became popular horses in the east for racing while Quarter Horses became the preferred horse in the western states. The Quarter’s endurance and energy made them a crucial part of the development of the Midwestern states. A few other notable sires left their mark on the breed including Steel Dust, Tiger, Printer, and Sir Archy. However, the Quarter Horse was still lacking one set of bloodlines that would finish sculpting the breed into the iconic Quarter: the wild Mustang. Though the breed already contained the blood of the Spanish Barb, the Mustangs had around two hundred years to evolve in the wilderness. The breed was now tough, brave, and well-equipped for running. From these lines of improved Quarter Horse came the stock bloodlines that went on to create the studbook of the American Quarter horse on March 15th, 1940. Through eighty years of careful breeding, the Quarter Horse has evolved into America’s favorite breed.
The name Quarter Horse originates from the colonial ancestor horses who worked hard to provide for their owners. On the weekends when the horses weren’t working, farmers enjoyed racing their horses through town. In those days, the main roads of towns averaged a length of a quarter of a mile. These races were key factors in the development of the breed, and the American Quarter Horse will never forget the quarter-mile distance that forever changed all American horses.
Sources:
The American Quarter Horse Association and a few other Google searches.
Horses pictured:
Metallic Cat, Latigo Dun It, Smart Chic Olena, and Slick by Design
All pictures taken from Google.