22/08/2022
I didn't know that ...
The greyhound was introduced in England just prior to the ninth century as a result of the crusades, wars, and
conquest with Middle Eastern tribes. During this time, greyhounds nearly became extinct, but were saved by
clergymen and monks who bred them for the nobility. Greyhounds once again became the favored dog of the
nobility. In 1014, King Canute established Forest Laws that prohibited slaves and serfs from owning and
hunting with greyhounds. Commoners who hunted with greyhounds in defiance of these laws favored dogs
whose coloring allowed them to blend in with the forest, such as black, fawn, red, and brindle. The nobility
favored white and spotted dogs that could be more easily seen, making it easier to recover a dog lost in the
woods. Among the English aristocracy, one could truly tell a gentleman by his horses and his greyhounds. The
greyhound appears in many works of art and literature during this time. The Bayeux Tapestry, which depicts the
Battle of Hastings, shows William the Conqueror with his greyhounds. The greyhound is also the first dog to be
mentioned in English literature. In Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales, greyhounds are described as "swifte as fowel in
flight". Edmund de Langley’s Mayster of Game, written in 1370, describes the ideal greyhound. Two hundred
years later, William Shakespeare has the character of Henry V compare his troops to greyhounds, "I see you
stand like greyhounds in the slips/Straining upon the start/The game’s afoot."
During the Renaissance: Standard of Kings, Sport of Queens
By the time of the Renaissance, greyhounds were so identified with the nobility that many families began using
them on their coats of arms, making the greyhound the most common dog in heraldry. Henry VII and Henry VIII
of England showed a running white greyhound and two silver greyhounds on their coat of arms and Henry VIII
adopted the greyhound as his personal standard. It remains the symbol of the House of York even today.
During the 16th century, coursing races, with dogs chasing live rabbits, became popular. Elizabeth I of England
was especially fond of coursing and commissioned Thomas, Duke of Norfolk, to draw up rules for judging
competitive coursing. In 1638, the Renaissance rules of coursing were published. The rules of coursing have
not changed a great deal since then and lure coursing today is still judged on the hounds’ ability to follow, their
speed, and their endurance. Greyhounds remained popular among England’s nobility in the nineteenth century.
H.R.H. Prince Albert, Queen Victoria’s husband, had a favorite greyhound Eos, who appeared in numerous
court portraits.
Coming to America
Greyhounds first made their way to America in the late 1400’s when Christopher Columbus included them on
his second expedition to the New World. One greyhound accompanied Francisco de Coronado as far as
present-day Mexico. Other greyhounds accompanied Ponce de Leon, Hernando de Soto, Vasco de Balboa and
Cortez as they traveled throughout the Americas. Greyhounds traveled with English explorer George Cartwright
on his expeditions into Canada in the late 1700’s. Baron Friedrich von Steuben, who helped General George
Washington during the Revolutionary War, kept his greyhound Azor with him during the long winter at Valley
Forge in 1777. In the mid-1800’s, greyhounds were imported to North America in large numbers from Ireland to
control a jackrabbit epidemic in the Midwest and were later used to hunt coyotes. The US Calvary used
greyhounds to help track down Native Americans, while General George Custer reportedly took his greyhounds
with him wherever he went. Soon, greyhounds were used as a sporting dog. One of the first national coursing
meets was held in Kansas in 1886. The transition from coursing to racing began as early as 1876, when the
first artificial lure was used on a straight track in England. In the early 1900’s, an American by the name of
Owen Patrick Smith developed a lure that could run on an oval track and greyhound racing began to be
considered a sport. This led to the opening of the first greyhound racing track in Emeryville, California in 1919