11/02/2023
Healing Trauma in Dogs: Trough Building Secure Attachment and Positive Reinforcement
Secure attachment between a caregiver and a dog is considered a powerful tool in healing dogs with trauma because it provides a safe and supportive environment for the dog to heal and overcome their traumatic experiences. Studies have shown that the presence of a secure attachment figure can have a positive impact on the dog’s physical and mental health, reducing stress, anxiety and fear (Edwards, 2018).
On the other hand, aversive tools such as punishment and physical force can destroy secure attachment relationships between a caregiver and a dog. Aversive tools create fear and anxiety in the dog, which can lead to a breakdown in trust and a negative impact on their mental and physical health (Dodman, 2013).
A study by Edmonson et al. (2017) found that dogs with a strong attachment to their caregiver were less likely to display fearful and aggressive behavior compared to dogs who had experienced aversive training techniques. This highlights the importance of building a secure attachment relationship with a dog in order to promote healing and overcome traumatic experiences.
Building a bond of secure attachment through trust is a responsibility every person with a dog in the family needs to embrace. The high rate at which dogs are surrendered to shelters, breaking the bond of trust, raises serious ethical questions. Since all healthy relationships are based on trust, the obligation to build a secure and lasting attachment with your dog is a must (Hens, 2009).
How to build secure attachment with your dog?
Consistency and predictability: Building a secure attachment relationship with your dog requires consistency and predictability. This means setting routines, feeding schedules, and providing regular exercise.
- Quality time: Spending time with your dog is key to building a strong bond. Engage in activities that your dog enjoys such as playing, training, or simply cuddling.
- Positive reinforcement: Reward-based training is an effective way to build trust and a positive relationship with your dog. Reinforce good behaviors with treats, praise, and attention.
- Communication: Good communication is essential to building a secure attachment relationship with your dog. Listen to your dog's body language and try to understand their behavior.
-Patience: Building a secure attachment relationship with your dog takes time and patience. Don't expect it to happen overnight, but with consistent effort, you will see progress.
-Regular vet check-ups: Regular vet check-ups can help you catch any health problems before they become serious. This helps keep your dog healthy and happy, which in turn helps strengthen your bond.
-Physical touch: Regular physical touch such as petting, hugging, and grooming can help build a strong attachment relationship with your dog.
- Provide a safe environment: A safe environment where your dog feels secure and protected is essential to building a secure attachment relationship.
Why I don’t recommend aversive tools:
Aversive tools, such as choke chains, pinch collars, and electric shock collars, are designed to cause physical discomfort or pain to a dog in order to correct their behavior. However, using aversive tools can damage the bond between a dog and their owner and negatively impact their mental and physical health.
Studies have shown that using aversive tools can increase fear and anxiety in dogs, which can lead to increased aggression, decreased social interaction, and a lack of trust towards their owner. For example, a study conducted by University of Bristol (2017) found that dogs trained using aversive tools showed a lower level of trust towards their owners compared to dogs trained using positive reinforcement methods.
Additionally, using aversive tools can also have physiological effects on dogs, including elevated stress hormones and decreased heart rate variability, which can lead to negative physical health outcomes. For example, a study conducted by the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine (2015) found that dogs trained with aversives experienced elevated levels of cortisol, a stress hormone, compared to dogs trained with positive reinforcement.
In conclusion, secure attachment is considered to be a more powerful tool in healing dogs with trauma compared to medication, and aversive tools can have a detrimental effect on the relationship between caregiver and dog.
The use of aversive tools is not recommended when building a secure attachment relationship with a dog. Positive reinforcement methods, such as treats, praise, and toys, are more effective in promoting positive behavior, building trust and promoting overall well-being in dogs.
No longer should you struggle with your dog’s behaviors - schedule a trauma informed, secure attachment, behavior consultation.
https://www.holisticdogtraining.org/TIBA
Please read:
THE DO NO HARM DOG TRAINING AND BEHAVIOR HANDBOOK Linda Michaels
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Edmonson, M. J., Glendinning, L. I., & Pomeranz, B. (2017). Attachment to Owners, Fear and Aggression in Pet Dogs. Frontiers in veterinary science, 4, 46. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2017.00046
Edwards, R. J. (2018). The healing power of pets: implications for animal-assisted therapy and mental health. Australian eJournal of Theology, 23, 5-15. https://dx.doi.org/10.2104%2Faet23.1.1
Dodman, N, Brown, D, Serpell, J, (2018) Associations between owner personality and psychological status and the prevalence of canine behavior problems. PLoS ONE, 13 (2), e0192846. doi.org/10.1371/ journal.pone.0192846.
Dinwoodie, I, Dwyer, B, Zottola, V, et al (2019) Demographics and comorbidity of behavior problems in dogs. J Vet Behavior, 32, 62–71. doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2019.04.007.
Dinwoodie, I, Zottola, V, Dodman, N, (2021) An investigation into the effectiveness of various professionals and behavior modification programs, with or without medication, for the treatment of
canine aggression. J Vet Behavior, 43, 46–53. doi.org/10.1016/j. jveb.2021.02.002.
Cooper JJ, Cracknell N, Hardiman J, Wright H, Mills D (2014) The Welfare Consequences and Efficacy of Training Pet Dogs with Remote Electronic Training Collars in Comparison to Reward Based Training. PLoS ONE 9(9): e102722. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0102722
Effects of 2 training methods on stress-related behaviors of the dog (Canis familiaris) and on the dog–owner relationship": https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1558787814000070