12/15/2025
Here’s the thing most people never get told about dogs. Once you understand it, you can’t unsee it. Behavior stops feeling random. Frustration drops. And suddenly your dog makes a whole lot more sense.
Dogs are not making moral decisions. They are not being stubborn, dominant, or trying to get away with something. They are responding to internal motivation systems shaped by genetics, early development, learning history, and the environment. Those systems are what we call drives.
A drive is the engine behind behavior. Not obedience. Not training level. Drives exist whether we acknowledge them or not. Training doesn’t create drives and it can’t erase them. It can only influence how they show up.
This is where people get stuck. They try to train the behavior without understanding the drive producing it. That’s like trying to steer a car without looking at the road. Sometimes you get lucky. Most of the time, you get frustrated and blame the car.
Prey drive is the biggest troublemaker. It’s triggered by movement, not aggression. Joggers, bikes, squirrels, running dogs. The nervous system fires before the thinking brain has a chance to weigh in. High prey drive doesn’t mean bad dog. It means strong genetics meeting a human world.
Food drive is motivation to work for food. These dogs often look “easy” until the environment outweighs the reward. That’s not disobedience. That’s motivation shifting.
Toy drive is engagement through play. For many working dogs, toys beat treats every time. Yes, you can train with toys. No, it doesn’t make dogs crazier when done correctly. It often gives them an outlet they desperately need.
Defense drive is emotional and rooted in self preservation. Barking, lunging, freezing, avoidance. Punishing a dog in defense may quiet behavior, but it often increases stress. That’s how shutdown happens.
Social drive is the desire to engage. Pulling and screaming to greet isn’t always friendliness. Sometimes it’s insecurity dressed up as enthusiasm. We call that fawning.
Here’s the important part. Drives stack. They shift moment to moment. A dog can be in prey and defense at the same time. This is why one size fits all training fails.
Good training doesn’t eliminate drives. It understands them, channels them, and teaches an off switch. Drive without direction leaks. Suppression without understanding creates bigger problems.
When we stop asking “how do I stop this behavior” and start asking “what drive is producing it,” everything changes. Training gets clearer, kinder, and more effective.
Dogs aren’t broken. They’re driven. And when we understand that, training stops being a fight and starts being a conversation.