17/11/2025
Can your dog’s gut bacteria affect their behavior?
A 2025 critical review from the University of Lincoln looked at every study so far on the canine gut microbiome and behavior—and what they found might surprise you.
Researchers found early evidence that gut bacteria may be linked to behaviors like aggression, fear, anxiety, and learning ability. For example, some studies suggest aggressive dogs have more Firmicutes and fewer Fusobacteria, while fearful dogs may have higher Lactobacillus (a GABA-producing “calming” bacteria).
But here’s the catch: most studies are small, inconsistent, and lack controls for factors that shape the microbiome—like diet, age, breed, environment, or neuter status. The authors stress that correlation doesn’t mean causation, and there’s no proof yet that changing gut bacteria changes behavior.
What this means for clinicians and owners:
• The gut–brain link is real but immature.
• Diet and gut health matter, but they don’t replace evidence-based behavior care.
• There is only one probiotic on the market at this time labeled for anxiety that has a double blinded-placebo controlled study in dogs. Calming Care from Purina.
Future research needs larger samples, longer study times. validated behavioral tools, and standardized microbiome methods to uncover whether the gut truly shapes the canine mind.
📖 Crisante et al., 2025. “A critical review of research concerning the gut microbiome in dogs and its relationship with behaviour.” Applied Animal Behaviour Science.
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