13/12/2022
Hay is such an important part of farming, especially in the cold months!
But with so many types of hay and so many different hay sellers which should you go with?
First you need to have a small knowledge of what all hay should look like? Hay should be green, not brown or a dull yellow. Don’t judge a book by its cover though, some bales that have sat for a few months in the barn, the outside will turn yellow and the inside will be a gorgeous green. The hay should be fluffy if you will, not full of weeds and stems. Your animals will have to eat twice as much of this hay to gets the proper nutrients, which will cost you more in hay in the end.
Moldy hay, DO NOT FEED HAY THAT IS MOLDED. Know you hay seller, ask questions, and make sure they don’t bale the hay when it is wet. Moldy hay can not only get hot in the inside and spontaneously combust in your barn, but it can make your animals extremely sick. Rumen animals especially, the rumen is what helps them digest food properly. The mold in the hay will mess up the acid levels in the rumen, which will then cause rumen acidosis, which is extremely painful for a cow and they won’t be able to keep themselves warm.
The two main types of hay are grass hay and legume hay.
Legumes (alfalfa and clover hay) have a higher protein content than grass hay. The roots of legumes are covered in nodules with nodules containing bacteria that obtain nitrogen from the air - the nitrogen is then converted to protein. Legumes can be overfed because they have a laxative effect. For horses legume hay/ or pellet form should not be more than 20% of the diet, because of the high protein content it can cause enteroliths in the stomach.
Grass hay (most common: Bermuda, Brome, Johnson, orchard, Sudan, and Timothy.) does not have the nitrogen fixing bacteria, but is still full of protein, calcium, vitamins, trace minerals and protein. Grass hay can not be overfed, and since grass hay is not as dense it is less probable to mold.
Your animal will not properly digest any food that is given to them without some form of forage. Hay helps move other feed through the digestive tract by peristaltic action, plus hay provides the animal the ability to satisfy its need to chew, providing a less stressful environment!
Hay is so important to your homestead! Any more questions feel free to ask!