Vets Against Puppy Farming

05/12/2021

🛑 ✋ 🤔 💭💡

The DSPCA has urged people to adopt and not to shop, where possible.

02/12/2021

😢

09/11/2021

5,782 dog lovers across Ireland have already signed Dogs Trust Ireland’s petition to end puppy farming. Lets get to 10,000. Join them and sign today!
👍🏼👍🏼 📝

DogsTrust.ie/f/EndPuppyFarming

We need YOUR help to in Ireland. Please be the voice for the voiceless dogs and puppies via DogsTrust.ie/f/EndPuppyFarming By signing our petition today you will create a different type of demand – a demand to eradicate puppy farming in Ireland.

This year alone, we cared for 130 innocent victims of illegal puppy farming. Dogs so terrified of human contact, they were too afraid to make a sound. When they arrived into our care, their silence was deafening.

Thanks to your support we were able to care for Blue, one of the 130 dogs, and help to transform her into the dog she is today.

Please sign our petition today to help end the misery and suffering caused by puppy farming in Ireland.

29/10/2021

27/10/2021

19/10/2021

How important is early socialisation for puppies…⁉️ 🐶
VERY‼️

14/10/2021

Reminder of this awesome resource for helping pandemic pups learn to cope with the dreaded owner “back to school” experience!🏫🐶

It started this week, and will run for the next few weeks, but all talks will remain available on demand until the end of the year! 🤓

And, best of all, it’s completely free! 💸💸💸

Sign up at https://www.veterinarywebinars.com/forte/ now! 📝

23/09/2021

As vets, here are some questions we receive regularly:

What should I do if I think it’s a puppy farm?

What should I do if I’ve visited a puppy for sale in poor health?

What should I do if I’m concerned a breeder is unlicenced or is not abiding by the terms of their licence?

When you get these questions why not advise your clients to follow these steps:

1. Walk away.

2. Report the advert - through the website or contact CCPC.

3. Report the premises to your local authority.

4. Report welfare issues - contact your local ISPCA branch on the national helpline - 0818515515.

⬇️⬇️⬇️ Here's a useful list of contacts for your local County Council/ISPCA.

Don't forget to let us know how you get on by emailing [email protected]!

13/09/2021

How important is it to vaccinate dogs used for breeding❓🤔
Take a look at our fact sheet for some great information to consider before breeding!
🐕💉🩺

02/09/2021

27/08/2021

Dogs Trust Ireland is taking the issue so seriously, it has now produced a special 'Life After Lockdown' pack for struggling dog owners.

Dogs Trust Ireland's Ciara Byrne said: "Our number one priority is to keep dogs in their homes".

Speaking on RTÉ's Morning Ireland, she urged anyone who is thinking about giving up their dog "to contact us and we will be able to help".

https://www.dogstrust.ie/help-advice/advice-for-owners/helping-your-dog-cope-during-and-after-lockdown

Families and owners coming out of lockdown say they can no longer cope with the pets

11/08/2021

📢📢 Don’t miss your chance to tune in to Petbond’s next Instagram Live session at 8pm on Thursday the 12th of August! 📢📢

One of our vets will be answering your questions live! 😁😁

01/07/2021

😬 Separation Anxiety in Pandemic Pets - Part 2 😔

Here are some helpful tips: 🐶😢📚

- Establish a daily routine and stick to it. Regular exercise, meal times and play times will help to create a more relaxed and content dog. ⏰

- Independence training. This is teaching your dog to be content in his/her own company for short but increasing periods of time. This can be done by using crate training or creating a safe space for the pet and the use of incentives and interactive toys. 🧸🤖⚽️

- Avoiding over-attachment. If you are working from home don’t allow your pet to spend all of their time with you. Practice leaving them in another room with a toy, or for a nap, and instead check on them regularly for toilet breaks and attention.

- Minimise leaving cues. Although it is tempting, don’t make “a fuss” around leaving the house and practice putting on your coat and/or picking up your keys, sometimes when you’re not leaving, so that they don’t become a stress trigger for your dog. 🧥🔑

If you already have a dog who shows signs of serious separation anxiety we would recommend consulting your vet. They may consider referring you to a pet behaviourist. It is always a good idea to seek help with anxious behaviour, regardless of how old your pet is, as chronic anxiety can really affect the quality of life of both pet and owner(s).

28/06/2021

😬Separation Anxiety in Pandemic Pets.😔

What is Separation Anxiety?

Separation anxiety describes the stress and panic experienced by pets when they are isolated from their preferred people.

It can manifest as excessive vocalising, salivating, pacing and/or destructive behaviour, both to themselves or items in their environment, when they are left alone. 🤕

Vets are seeing a rise in pets showing signs of separation anxiety during the global pandemic, especially as more owners are now starting to return to the workplace.🚦

Stay tuned for some tips on how to help your pets through this issue! 💡

🐶👨‍👩‍👧‍👦

14/06/2021

👀 Our survey results are finally in!!! 🥳
Check your inbox for the summary report! 📕

Anyone not already on our mailing list can email [email protected] to receive a copy of the results.

01/06/2021

What to expect when getting a new puppy - Part 2: 🐶🤔🧐

Getting a new pet is one of the most exciting events. 🥳
However, having a pet is a big commitment-one that can span an average of 15 years. 😳

It is important that you are as prepared as possible before bringing your new puppy home. 📝

Here are some more helpful tips!💡

5. Puberty - Male and female dogs hit puberty from 6 months of age. Bear in mind that female dogs will come into heat every 6-12 months from that point on. Heats can last for up to three weeks and during this time she will have to be protected and kept separate from entire male dogs. 💙💖

6. Separation Anxiety - Certain breeds (including many toy breeds) are prone to separation anxiety and may get very stressed by being left at home when you are out. Getting them used to spending short periods of time away from you, when they are young, can help reduce this issue. 😢

7. Destructive Tendencies - Large breeds (such as German Shepherds and Labradors) can be very active, playful and potentially destructive, particularly in their early years. They require a lot of exercise and mental stimulation in their home environment to stop them taking their exces energies out on your house and garden! 🆘⏰⚽️🎾

8. Veterinary Fees - preparing for a new puppy means getting ready for all the possible financial implications of owning a dog - vaccinations, neutering, illness and accidents. 💊💉🤒🤕💰💸

Feel free to share these posts to your clinic social media accounts👍🏼

25/05/2021

What to expect when getting a new puppy - Part 1: 🐶🤔🧐

Getting a new pet is one of the most exciting events. 🥳
However, having a pet is a big commitment-one that can span an average of 15 years. 😳

It is important that you are as prepared as possible before bringing your new puppy home. 📝

1. Consistency is key 🔑 - house training doesn’t happen overnight. 💦

2. Socialise, socialise, socialise- while he or she is still young get them used to meeting other dogs, cats and people. 🐕🐈‍⬛👨‍👩‍👧‍👦

3. Grooming- certain popular breeds such as Bichon Frises, poodles and crossbreeds require regular grooming every 4-6weeks in order to maintain healthy coat condition and avoid skin diseases. 🐩🚿🧴

4. Boarding- Bear in mind, if you intend to go on family holidays or travel frequently, your pet will have to be cared for at a boarding kennel or by a family member or pet sitter. 🏡✈️🏖

11/05/2021

Very important message from Four Paws! 👏🏼🐶
Watch out for a familiar face or two in this great video! 👀😁

16/04/2021

Great post from Summerhill Veterinary Clinic, Nenagh! 👍🏼
This keeps happening to good people, day after day. 😖
Remind your clients how to protect themselves from falling into this trap! 🪤

Warning: upsetting post

Marlo was picked up by his new owners on Friday evening two weeks ago after meeting the breeder in Mullingar and exchanging over 2000€ following an ad posting on dogs.ie.

The next morning they rang us as he was weak and not eating, the breeder had said he was just missing his siblings.

He came into us emaciated, cold and unresponsive.

Over the next few days we managed to bring him back to life with intensive care - and for a few short days he showed us the kind of dog he should have grown up to be, but unfortunately will never become because after a couple of days of improvement he relapsed and on Tuesday, only 12 days after his owners had met him he lost his fight and passed away.

He had so many people fighting his corner, from our veterinary and nursing team here who were keeping him warm and feeding him and even taking him home in the evenings to mind, to his family who wanted to give him a chance and were so looking forward to having their little puppy in their lives.

His owners wanted us to share his story as a warning about unethical breeders, his breeder has denied Marlo was sick and blamed the owners and us.

Please if you are purchasing a puppy always make sure you see the parents, you see their veterinary vaccine certificates (all puppies should have a health check with a vet before going to new homes), don’t pick them up from a car park or petrol station no matter what the breeder says. Look up reviews on the breeder and ask for first hand recommendations from trusted friends.

Where you can, look into adopting from an animal rescue.

If you have any questions about what to look out for when considering adding a new puppy to the family please give us a call on 06731248 and we can help you with your questions.

RIP Marlo 💕

09/04/2021

DID YOU KNOW❓❓📝📚
If you sell or supply 6 or more pet animals in a calendar year, you must comply with a number of new requirements-
(1) You must apply to be entered into the “Register of sellers and suppliers of pet animals”
(2) Premises used in connection with the sale or supply of pet animals must be entered into the “Register of premises”

Note-The registration does not apply to persons to whom the Dog breeding establishments act 2010 applies or a local authority.
There is no fee to register 🙌

➡️ If you are thinking of purchasing a pet, look up the link below to make sure the breeder is registered!

https://assets.gov.ie/125651/a56bf8fe-b073-4e2c-a071-5565fe861ead.pdf

Vets please feel free to share this information on your social media pages 💙

29/03/2021

Microchipping

❓Did you know it is an offence to sell a puppy without a registered microchip?❓

Unfortunately lots of our vets are still meeting puppies everyday who have not been microchipped before they were sold. 🐶

Excuses like ‘He’s too small to be chipped yet’ or ‘It’s easier for you to do it so we don’t have to change the details’ are common and not acceptable. 🤷

Don’t even consider responding to an advertisement for a dog which doesn’t display the microchip number.

🚩 This is a massive red flag 🚩 and can often indicate a seller who doesn’t want to be traced, raising concerns for the health and welfare of the animals they are selling. 🔎

If you are unsure about interpreting an ad or what to look out for when speaking to a seller please contact your local veterinary practice for advice. 💡

18/02/2021

🌱🌷Spring is here and the days are finally getting longer!🐥🐝
Many people will be starting to think of adding a new family member to the mix to enjoy the longer days and evenings with. 👨‍👩‍👧‍👦
However we would like to remind everyone that trying to bring a new puppy home during level 5 lockdown is tricky and probably not a good idea. Many rescues and reputable breeders may be currently operating waiting lists. 🦠❌
Instead, why not take this time to really do your research, read up on the breed(s) you’re interested in and make contact with breeders or organisations who are happy to chat and answer your questions at length. 📝
That way you can be confident that you're making the right choice when restrictions ease and you can finally visit and pick out your new best friend.🐶 👍🏼

09/02/2021

🥳🎉 We are pleased to announce Amy Hanrahan was the winner of our survey questionnaire prize of a €60 One4All voucher! 🎉🥳
We had a **massive** response of over 300 completed entries, which we have been working through since the questionnaire closed. 👏🏼👏🏼
Watch this space for the results, coming soon!

22/01/2021

A good news post! 😃
One of our affiliated vets, Catherine, had the pleasure of meeting this perfect pup a couple of weeks back! 🥇🐶

Unfortunately, at first puppy vet visits, we often discover that the breeder has not sought the correct veterinary care before selling. Breeders should ensure all of the puppies they sell are microchipped, vet checked and vaccinated and have had the relevant genetic tests advised based on their breed.
It is also a sign of a good breeder to provide new owners with thorough information on the diet the puppy has been on and any parasite treatment it has had.

This breeder had followed all of the above advice and it was so refreshing to see! ⭐️

Feel free to use this check list when looking at what a breeder is providing: 📋

1. The puppy should already be microchipped and come with the correct microchip paperwork. ✅

2. The puppy should be vet checked and come with a vaccination card signed and stamped by a vet. ✅

3. The breeder should provide you with information on the diet and parasite control the puppy has received. ✅

4. The breeder should be able to explain what genetic tests are suggested for this breed and provide the results of any tests carried out on the pups or parent dogs. ✅

19/01/2021

Thinking of little Molly sold on Dogs.ie, who's fighting Parvo with the help of Drogheda Animal Rescue whilst Mr Savage sits in Boston counting the money he earned for facilitating her sale.

LIKE & SHARE this post if you think he should donate that money to her recovery fund 🤬 Just do it anonymously, no need for a big song and dance, looking for a slap on the back and a tax credit. We'd tag him, but he doesn't allow that anymore, which says alot.

In fact, we're thinking of all those who let Molly down this morning. Her breeder, her seller, her first owner but particularly those in power who continue to fail to enforce the laws surrounding the licensing, breeding microchipping and sale/supply of dogs. You know who you are.

When will you be authorising the creation of a central DAFM owned microchip database to assist you in the enforcement of all these laws you clearly have no modern way of enforcing
Charlie McConalogue Minister Pippa Hackett?

Lynn Boylan Vets Against Puppy Farming Fergus O'Dowd AgriLand.ie Click here to read the full story https://www.facebook.com/207121425220/posts/10164965705790221/

12/01/2021

If you have clients who have recently gotten, or are thinking of getting, lockdown pups the Irish Guide Dogs for the Blind webinar on Thursday might be of interest to them! 🐶

Feel free to share to your practice page to spread awareness and hopefully help prevent some of the isolation pups becoming monsters! 👹

** SOLD OUT **

If you're thinking of getting a new pup join us for our New Arrival Survival Guide webinar this Thursday, 14th January at 6pm.

Our Trainer Rosemary O’Keeffe will discuss:

How to select your new family member
Preparing for your new arrival
The first week home – what to expect
Forming good habits and preventing problem behaviours
How to read basic canine body language
Building a strong and safe relationship between your dog and your children

To register all you have to do is make a minimum donation of €10 here > https://bit.ly/3s7cOqP

Image description: 2 puppies playing in the garden

20/12/2020

Advice on what to look out for when buying a puppy -
Adding a dog as a member to the family is an exciting prospect. We urge you not to give a puppy as a gift on Christmas Day. However, if you are welcoming a new family member over the Christmas period, here are some tips.

🐾We always encourage adoption as a first choice. Contact your local rescue charity or shelter. Be prepared that you may be required to have a secure garden and be home checked before a dog is placed in your care. 🏡🔍


🐾Patience is key. 🙏🏻🔑You will find the right dog for you and your family, if you take your time and do your research.

🐾Research reputable breeders. Do a lot of research on possible breeders in your area. The Irish kennel club is a good place to start your research. 🐶🐶🐶

🐾If you found a dog you are interested in on an online marketplace, make sure that the seller does not offer more than one breed-check the other ads of the seller, or Google the phone number. Keep a copy of the original advert saved offline or printed. 📸💻📲

🐾Before you visit the puppy, have a phone call with the seller, ask lots of questions about the puppy’s parents and siblings, the breeding history of the breeder and veterinary checks that puppy should have. A responsible seller should also ask the buyer lots of questions; they will want to make sure you will be a good owner and are a good fit for the puppy. ⁉️📞

🐾NEVER pay a deposit without having visited the puppy. 🆘‼️

🐾Meeting the puppy for the first time should take place at the breeder’s house. There you can see where the puppy grew up, meet the mother and see how the environment is.
Note- illegal puppy dealers have all sorts of excuses to meet you in public areas such as carparks. ❌🚫

🐾Ask whether the puppy is already microchipped and if it is already registered to the breeder. The pup should be registered to them and then transferred to you. 🩺💉💊

🐾Make sure you pick the puppy up from the breeders house, do not get the puppy delivered to you. 🏡

🐾Meet the puppy at least twice ❤️After the first visit, go home and let the experience sink in. Do you have a good gut feeling about the situation?

🐾INSIST on paperwork 📝📑Make sure you get all the necessary paperwork before you leave with the puppy- Vaccination certificate stamped and signed by a veterinary surgeon and evidence of microchip.

🐾TRUST YOUR GUT 💥 If you have any doubts - walk away and contact the local authorities. Although it is very tempting to “rescue” the dog from the unethical sellers, please try your best to walk away. Buying the puppy only allows the dealers to continue their work and results in more puppies being born into puppy farms, as the cycle continues. 😢

🐾Make sure you update your new puppy’s registration details with the microchip company, adding yourself as their owner. This will help ensure you get your dog back in case they ever get lost or stolen.

🐾Many new dog owners end up with a puppy that is too young, poorly bred and sick. Some of the puppies even sadly die, shortly after having arrived at their new home - leaving the new owners traumatised and with high veterinary bills.

If you have any questions, please contact your veterinary clinic for advice. 😊

Feel free to share on your clinic’s social media pages 📲

https://vetrealitycheck.com/2020/12/20/thinking-of-brightening-up-lockdown-3-0-with-a-puppy-perhaps-read-this-first/?fbclid=IwAR0NIUHsoJ9OY4OzKoomuGbIiWghBU0V6-Go-V0--a1-hP7YoZbgky5_Tgw

14/12/2020

Reading an ad 📝🐶💻🚦👀

How to read between the lines when buying a puppy online!

Picture 1:This ad looks legit right? Would it shock you to know that this seller is a puppy farmer? Be aware that adverts may appear very professional.

Picture 2: Look out for the puppy’s microchip number. This is a minimum requirement for advertising a dog for sale and it is illegal to sell a puppy without a microchip in Ireland

Picture 3: How can you tell from an ad if you are getting a puppy from a puppy farm? If you scroll down to the bottom of ads on Dogs.ie for example, it clearly shows the licence details of premises who are licensed breeding establishments. This particular establishment is licensed to hold 300 breeding bi***es. That’s 300 dogs living there having puppies.

Picture 4: Look out for people selling multiple different breeds, these may often be puppy farms. These three ads are all from the same seller. This should set off alarm bells!

Picture 5: Appearances can be deceiving! Don’t be fooled by cute stock photos of puppies. These are often sourced from the internet or the same image used over and over again. Unless you have seen the puppies in person never buy a dog based on photos.
Hope this information is helpful. Feel free to share this to your veterinary clients.

13/11/2020

Why the Team at PetBond do what we do so well. We are experts who really care.

This is Toby below, and his wonderful loving new family said.....

"The breeders Petbond had vetted were such lovely people and when we spoke and after a little screening process they were happy we would take good care of Toby. You could tell Toby was very well looked after by the breeder as he was very healthy, well socialised and confident when we got him. The last thing the breeder asked was: 'If for any reason, anytime in the future you cannot take care of him - promise me you will call me, and I will gladly take him back - I never want him to go to a pound'. This is the kind of breeder you want to get a puppy from! We have Toby now almost a week and he is thriving already and already part of the family. It was so worth the wait to find such a happy healthy puppy".

10/11/2020

Have a look at Dogs Trust’s new petition. The new laws are a great step in the right direction but enforcement is vital.

07/11/2020

Meet Major, America’s new First Dog and the first rescue dog to live in the White House ❤️

03/11/2020

Current trends in the Irish puppy trade survey

Dear Colleague,

We want to hear your experiences of puppies coming into your practice over the past 6 months.
We invite vets, RVNs and veterinary office staff to complete our short survey and be in with a chance of winning a €60 One4All voucher and helping out your fellow vets 🙂

The survey typically takes 10-12 minutes to complete and all responses are anonymised during analysis.

Who we are...
We are a group of vets that have come together this summer after many of us realised that the Covid19 lockdown had sparked a huge surge in puppies being seen at practices with little or no reliable microchipping or vaccination information. We have a working group of 4 members (Jimmy Wiseman, Catherine Moran, Daniel Mulroy & Niamh O’Toole) and a further 25 group members.

Our aim...
'Vets Against Puppy Farming' is a group of veterinary professionals who have come together to highlight and take action against the problems associated with the puppy trade in Ireland. We aim to achieve these goals through informing our fellow professionals about the relevant legislation and best practice pertaining to the industry. In doing so, we endeavour to protect the welfare of breeding dogs and puppies across the country.
We define a puppy farm as a commercial premises breeding dogs on an industrial scale with poor animal husbandry and welfare standards.

Get involved...
We are eager to hear about the ideas and experiences of our veterinary and support staff colleagues. Please contact us at [email protected].

You can email us at [email protected] to become a member of our group and lend your support to our campaign.

Click to complete survey

https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/DQ6LRXR

Take this survey powered by surveymonkey.com. Create your own surveys for free.

19/10/2020

This is a great quiz to test your awareness of puppy farming. We may have got caught out on a few ourselves... 😳
Have a go and post to your practice page if you like! 😀
https://www.dogstrust.ie/whats-happening/issues-campaigns/quiz/?fbclid=IwAR3nRby4wwgzBH0qS7O20wTfqBdwtOwmxdDqmURntBm5TdX7pn2_HHfTz2o

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13/09/2020

Open letter addressing the trends in puppy trade during Covid-19 and what we in the veterinary community can do to help.

TEXT OF LETTER:
31/07/2020
There has been a significant increase in the numbers of new pups bought by families during the Covid-19 pandemic.
This concerning trend has been noted by many of our colleagues across the length and breadth of the country.

Unfortunately many of these pups appear to be acquired under less than ideal circumstances, often with little to no
reliable information regarding their breeding, worming or vaccination history. We believe that many of these pups
are, in fact, the products of commercial puppy farms. In most cases they have not received even the most basic
prophylactic healthcare, nutrition or legally required identification. Many of these unfortunate animals get very ill
within days or weeks of arriving in their new homes and many more go on to experience severe health and/or
behavioural issues as a result of their poor start in life. We are all well aware that this has been widely recognised as
an ongoing issue in recent years but the latest surge in numbers has given us renewed cause for concern.

In our experience the general public remains shockingly vulnerable to the puppy farming trade, despite intermittent
media publicity of the ongoing puppy farming scandal. Many of our clients still fail to realise the basic steps they
should take to protect themselves from the financial and emotional toll of purchasing what may prove to be a ticking
time bomb. They are, of course, well-intentioned but equally uninformed about the potentially disastrous outcomes.

While we appreciate that the plight of family pets pales in comparison to the human healthcare implications during
the ongoing global viral pandemic, nonetheless we do believe that this remains an important and pressing issue
within our profession and our society. It is our belief that the recent “lock-down” period exacerbated this issue due
to many people taking advantage of their increased time spent at home to obtain a new pet.

We would like to encourage fellow veterinary surgeons who are concerned about this trend to join us in our efforts
to tackle this issue.

You can help in the following ways:

1. Visit and support the websites of the Irish Pet Advertising Advisory Group (IPAAG) (www.ipaag.ie) and
PetBond (www.petbond.ie). Both of these organisations are working tirelessly to improve industry standards
and protect dog owners from the puppy farm trade in Ireland. Both websites have very useful online
resources which you can refer your clients to. There are also resources that can be printed off and
distributed at your clinic reception.
In addition, PetBond offers the opportunity to officially link your practice to their mission via a website
feature where visitors are directed to a list of approved veterinary practices.
2. Share a message to your practice website and social media pages educating your clients about the dangers
of impulse buying from puppy farms and encouraging them to visit the above websites for more information.
Veterinary practice social media pages have a much larger reach than many of us realise.
3. Ensure that your practice is registering every pups microchip at the time of implantation. There is no
subsequent traceability of animals that have not been registered on an approved database. This entirely
negates the benefits of performing the procedure in the first place. All microchips should be implanted and
registered in accordance with the Microchipping of Dogs Regulations 2015.
4. Ensure that your practice is not distributing pre-signed or veterinary stamped vaccination cards to your
breeding clients. The over-the-counter sale of small animal vaccinations is itself a contentious issue but, that
aside, we believe that there can be little justification for facilitating dog breeders to present pups as vet
checked and vaccinated when they have never been examined by a veterinary surgeon at all.
5. Send us an email at [email protected] to register your support and join us in
progressing our campaign.

It is our belief that an educational and informative campaign on this issue could have a genuinely positive impact.
Well informed owners are less likely to abandon unsuitable pets at a later stage, thus avoiding a surge of abandoned
dogs in our rescue centres and pounds in the post Covid-19 period.

In addition reducing the demand for mass-produced poorly bred pups will hopefully reduce the prevalence of low
welfare puppy farms which sadly remain all too common in spite of recent positive changes to the legislation.

We recognise the emotional toll that dealing with sick puppies, lost pets that have not been microchipped or
registered, and dogs that are completely unsocialised takes on the members of our profession. We hope this
concerted action will have a positive impact on the welfare of animals as well as the working lives of many members
of our profession.

Kind Regards,

Niamh O’Toole MVB Sarah Ryan MVB
Síomha O’Leary MVB Jimmy Wiseman MVB
Sinéad Hennessy MVB Máiread Leahy MVB Daniel Mulroy MVB Niamh Byrne MVB Oonagh Fitzgibbon MVB Catherine Moran MVB Tim Kirby MVB (PetBond) Lorraine Egan MVB