Medical Science

20/03/2025

A post-mortem
examination, also known as an autopsy, is a medical examination of a deceased person to determine the cause and manner of death, often performed by a pathologist.
Here's a more detailed explanation:
Purpose:
The primary goal of a post-mortem is to identify the cause of death, which can help in understanding diseases, injuries, and other factors that led to the person's demise.
Who performs it:
Pathologists, doctors specializing in the study of diseases, conduct post-mortems.
What happens:
Pathologists examine the body, both internally and externally, to identify any abnormalities, injuries, or diseases that may have contributed to the death.
Why it's important:
Post-mortems provide valuable information for medical research, legal investigations, and understanding the progression and prevention of diseases.

14/03/2025

ʜᴇʀᴇ ᴀʀᴇ 40 ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴏɴ sᴜʀɢɪᴄᴀʟ ɪɴsᴛʀᴜᴍᴇɴᴛs ᴀʟᴏɴɢ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ᴜsᴇs:

1. Scalpel: Used for making precise incisions.
2. Forceps: Used for grasping and holding tissues or objects.
3. Hemostat: Used to clamp blood vessels to control bleeding.
4. Scissors: Used for cutting tissues, sutures, and dressings.
5. Retractor: Used to hold back tissues or organs to provide better visibility and access.
6. Needle Holder: Used for holding and suturing with surgical needles.
7. Surgical Stapler: Used to close incisions or join tissues together using staples.
8. Suture Scissors: Used for removing sutures or cutting suture materials.
9. Trocar: Used for creating access into body cavities or organs during laparoscopic procedures.
10. Rongeur: Used to remove small pieces of bone or tissue during orthopedic surgeries.
11. Sponge Forceps: Used for handling sponges and gauze during procedures.
12. Curette: Used for scraping or debriding tissues or removing growths.
13. Tissue Dissectors: Used for separating and dissecting tissues during surgeries.
14. Bone Saw: Used to cut through bones during orthopedic procedures.
15. Retractable Knife: Used for making controlled incisions.
16. Clip Applier: Used to apply surgical clips for securing blood vessels or structures.
17. Bone Clamp: Used for holding and stabilizing fractured bones.
18. Surgical Drill: Used to create holes in bones or remove bone fragments.
19. Cautery Pen: Used for sealing blood vessels or cutting through tissues using heat.
20. Speculum: Used to open and hold body orifices for examination or procedures.
21. Biopsy Punch: Used to take small tissue samples for diagnostic purposes.
22. Vascular Clamp: Used for temporarily occluding blood vessels during surgeries.
23. Towel Clamp: Used to secure drapes or towels to maintain a sterile field.
24. Dilator: Used for expanding or stretching narrow orifices or structures.
25. Retinal Scissors: Used in eye surgeries for delicate dissection and cutting.
26. Ligature Carrier: Used for passing sutures or ligatures around blood vessels.
27. Suction Tube: Used for aspirating fluids or debris from the surgical site.
28. Retinal Forceps: Used for handling delicate eye tissues during retinal surgeries.
29. Anoscope: Used for examining or treating conditions in the a**s or re**um.
30. Bone Mallet: Used for impacting or driving in bone implants during orthopedic surgeries.
31. Cystoscope: Used for visual examination and treatment of the bladder or urinary tract.
32. Cryotherapy Probe: Used for freezing and destroying abnormal tissues.
33. Laparoscope: Used for visual examination of the abdominal cavity during laparoscopic surgeries.
34. Dermal Curette: Used for scraping or removing skin lesions.
35. Nerve Hook: Used for manipulating or retracting nerves during neurological procedures.
36. Grasper: Used for holding or grasping tissues or objects during laparoscopic surgeries.
37. Ligating Clip: Used for securely closing off blood vessels or ducts.
38. Thoracic Trocar: Used for creating access into the chest cavity during thoracic surgeries.
39. Uterine Sound: Used for measuring the depth and position of the uterus.
40. Endoscope: Used for visual examination and treatment of various body cavities.

About Rigor Instruments
High-quality surgical instruments are essential to the success of any procedure, no matter how straightforward or difficult it may be for the patient, and this is where Rigor Instruments can help you.

14/03/2025

14/03/2025

Here are Some Food to Increase Nitric oxide

14/03/2025

Nitric oxide
can increase blood flow and reduce blood pressure. Supplements that increase nitric oxide production may also be beneficial for managing certain health conditions.

Nitric oxide is produced naturally by the human body and is one of the most important molecules for blood vessel health

It’s a vasodilator, meaning it relaxes the inner muscles of your blood vessels, causing the vessels to widen. In this way, nitric oxide increases blood flow and lowers blood pressure

Supplements that increase nitric oxide in the body make up one of the most popular supplement categories today.

These supplements don’t contain nitric oxide itself. However, they contain compounds that your body can use to make nitric oxide and have been shown to provide many benefits for health and performance.

Here is health and performance benefits of taking nitric oxide supplements.

Helps treat erectile dysfunction
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the inability to achieve or maintain an er****on firm enough for s*x

L-citrulline is an amino acid that may help treat erectile dysfunction by increasing the production of nitric oxide

Nitric oxide is needed for the muscles in the p***s to relax. This relaxation allows chambers inside the p***s to fill with blood so the p***s becomes erect

In one 2011 study, L-citrulline was found to improve er****on hardness in 12 people with mild erectile dysfunction

Researchers concluded that L-citrulline was less effective than prescription drugs used to treat ED, such as Vi**ra. Nevertheless, L-citrulline proved to be safe and well tolerated

Two other nitric-oxide-boosting supplements have been shown to treat erectile dysfunction, includuing the amino acid L-arginine and French maritime pine bark extract.

In several older studies, a combination of L-arginine and French maritime pine bark extract significantly improved s*xual function in people with ED

14/03/2025

Erectile dysfunction (ED)

or impotency is a type of s*xual disorder in men that is the inability to achieve or hold an er****on during s*xual in*******se. Generally, this is not a cause of concern however, frequent ED can be concerning indicating an underlying health problem. The problem of ED is quite common and 1 out of 10 males suffer from this.

Signs and Symptoms of Erectile Dysfunction
Some of the common symptoms of erectile dysfunction include:

Inability to get an er****on
Difficulty to hold sustain the er****on
Erections that are too not enough for s*x
Low s*x drive

14/03/2025

Oncology Study of Cancer or tumor

Cancer is an abnormal mass of tissue that forms when cells grow and divide more than they should or don't die when they should. These can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Here's a more detailed explanation:
Definition:
A tumor, also known as a neoplasm, is a solid mass of tissue that forms when abnormal cells group together.
Types:
Benign: These tumors are not cancerous and often don't spread to other parts of the body.
Malignant: These tumors are cancerous and can grow rapidly and spread throughout the body.
Location:
Tumors can form almost anywhere in the body, including bones, skin, tissue, organs, and glands.
Causes:
Tumors occur due to abnormal cell growth, which can be caused by various factors, including genetic mutations, environmental exposures, and lifestyle choices.
Importance of Early Detection:
Early detection and diagnosis of all tumors, whether benign or malignant, are essential for proper management and treatment.
Synonyms:
The terms mass and nodule are often used synonymously with tumor

03/02/2025

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*•┈┈•┈┈•⊰✿🌹✿⊱•┈┈•┈┈•*

Branches of Science🩺

```ˢᵗᵘᵈʸ ᵒᶠ ᴮˡᵒᵒᵈ → ᴴᵃᵉᵐᵃᵗᵒˡᵒᵍʸ
ˢᵗᵘᵈʸ ᵒᶠ ᴸᶦᵛᵉʳ → ᴴᵉᵖᵃᵗᵒˡᵒᵍʸ
ˢᵗᵘᵈʸ ᵒᶠ ᶠᵘⁿᵍᶦ → ᴹʸᶜᵒˡᵒᵍʸ
ˢᵗᵘᵈʸ ᵒᶠ ᴬˡᵍᵃᵉ → ᴾʰʸᶜᵒˡᵒᵍʸ
ˢᵗᵘᵈʸ ᵒᶠ ⱽᶦʳᵘˢ → ⱽᶦʳᵒˡᵒᵍʸ
ˢᵗᵘᵈʸ ᵒᶠ ᴷᶦᵈⁿᵉʸ → ᴺᵉᵖʰʳᵒˡᵒᵍʸ
ˢᵗᵘᵈʸ ᵒᶠ ᶜᵃⁿᶜᵉʳ → ᴼⁿᶜᵒˡᵒᵍʸ
ˢᵗᵘᵈʸ ᵒᶠ ᵁⁿᶦᵛᵉʳˢᵉ → ᶜᵒˢᵐᵒˡᵒᵍʸ
ˢᵗᵘᵈʸ ᵒᶠ ᶠʳᵘᶦᵗˢ → ᴾᵒᵐᵒˡᵒᵍʸ
ˢᵗᵘᵈʸ ᵒᶠ ᴮᶦʳᵈˢ → ᴼʳⁿᶦᵗʰᵒˡᵒᵍʸ
ˢᵗᵘᵈʸ ᵒᶠ ᴮᵒⁿᵉˢ → ᴼˢᵗᵉᵒˡᵒᵍʸ
ˢᵗᵘᵈʸ ᵒᶠ ᴱᵍᵍˢ → ᴼᵒˡᵒᵍʸ
ˢᵗᵘᵈʸ ᵒᶠ ᴰʳᵉᵃᵐ → ᴼⁿᵉᶦʳᵒˡᵒᵍʸ
ˢᵗᵘᵈʸ ᵒᶠ ᴴᵃᶦʳˢ → ᵀʳᶦᶜʰᵒˡᵒᵍʸ
ˢᵗᵘᵈʸ ᵒᶠ ᴱʸᵉˢ → ᴼᵖʰᵗʰᵃˡᵐᵒˡᵒᵍʸ```

> *𓆰Medical Science 𓃮♕𓆃* ♥️

09/01/2025

Gynecology is the medical specialty that deals with the health of the female reproductive system.
Here's a summary of what gynecology involves:
* Focus: Primarily concerned with the health of women who are not pregnant.
* Areas of concern: Includes conditions related to the ovaries, uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, and va**na.
* Services:
* Pelvic exams
* Pap tests
* Cancer screenings
* Treatment for va**nal infections
* Diagnosis and treatment of disorders like endometriosis, infertility, and ovarian cysts
* Specialists: Gynecologists are doctors specializing in this field. Some gynecologists also practice as obstetricians, providing care during pregnancy and childbirth (known as OB/GYNs).

20/11/2024

🩸 Diabetes

Diabetes is a chronic disease that affects 1 in 10 adults worldwide. It causes a person’s blood sugar level to become too high, because the body doesn’t make enough insulin or can’t use it as well as it should.

Symptoms of diabetes include:

🚰 Feeling very thirsty
🚽 Needing to urinate more often than usual
👁️ Blurred vision
😴 Feeling tired
📉 Losing weight unintentionally

Type 1 diabetes is not preventable. It is an autoimmune condition where the body’s immune system attacks itself and stops the body from making insulin.

Type 2 diabetes can often be prevented with healthy lifestyle, such as:

✅ Keeping a healthy body weight
✅ Staying physically active
✅ Eating a healthy diet
✅ Quitting to***co

🤰 Gestational diabetes can develop during pregnancy and happens when the body can’t make enough insulin, causing high blood sugar. Gestational diabetes usually goes away after giving birth.

The best way to detect diabetes early is to get regular check-ups and blood tests with a healthcare provider. Early diagnosis and treatment is key to preventing diabetes complications.

20/11/2024

*`BONES IN HUMAN BODY`*

☞Number of bones - 206
☞Number of muscles - 639
☞Number of kidneys - 2
☞Number of milk teeth - 20
☞Number of ribs - 24 (12 pairs)
☞Number of chambers in the heart - 4
☞Largest artery - Aorta
☞Normal Blood pressure - 120 - 80
☞Ph of blood - 7.4
☞Number of vertebrae in the spine - 33
☞Number of vertebrae in the Neck - 7
☞No of bones in middle Ear - 6
☞Number of bones in Face - 14
☞Number of bones in Skull - 22
☞Number of bones in Chest - 25
☞Number of bones in Arms - 6
☞Number of bones in each human middle ear 3
☞Number of muscles in the human arm - 72
☞Number of pumps in heart - 2
☞Largest organ - Skin
☞Largest gland - Liver
☞Smallest cell - Blood cell
☞Biggest cell - Egg cell (o**m)
☞Smallest bone - Stapes
☞First transplanted organ - Heart
☞Average length of small intestine - 7 m
☞Average length of large intestine - 1.5 m
☞Average weight of new born baby - 2.6 kg.
☞Pulse rate in one minute - 72 times
☞Body Temperature - 36.9o C (98.4o F)
☞Average blood volume - 4 - 5 liters
☞Average life of RBC - 120 days
☞Pregnancy period - 280 days
☞Number of bones in human foot - 33
☞Number of bones in each wrist - 8
☞Number of bones in hand - 27
☞Largest endocrine gland - Thyroid
☞Largest lymphatic organ - Spleen
☞Largest cell - Nerve cell
☞Largest part of brain - Cerebrum
☞Largest & strongest bone - Femur
☞Smallest muscle - Stapedius (Middle ear )
☞Number of chromosomes in human cell - 46 (23 pairs)
☞Number of bones in New born body - 300
☞Largest muscle - Buttock (Gluteus Maximus)

Biology
1) Red color of carrot and tomato is due to:
✍ anthocyanin
2) P.H of human blood is
✍ 7.4
3) Largest organ inside human body is:
✍ Liver
4) Largest organ of human body is:
✍ skin
5) What is celluloses:
✍ Carbohydrates
6) The smallest of all human cells are:
✍ RBCs
7) No of bones in human body is:
✍ 206
8) Smallest unit of life is:
✍ Cell
9) Red blood cells have no:
✍ Nucleus
10) White blood cells are also known as:
✍ Leucocytes
11) Red blood cells are also known as:
✍ Erythrocytes
12) Life appeared on earth about:
✍ 3 billion years ago
13) When earth was formed its atomsphere were composed of:
✍ Water vapour, ammonia and Methane
14) Biochemical organ of life is discovered by:
✍ Oparin
15) Group of cells are termed as:
✍ Tissue
16) Kingdom fungi are known as:
✍ Decomposer
17) Which cell organelles not participate in cell division:
✍ Ribosomes
18) Longest bone in human body is:
✍ Femur
19) Shortest bone in human body is:
✍ Stapes
20) Most important food is derived from:
✍ Fruits
21) After human most intelligent mammal is:
✍ Dolphins
22) Prokaryot doesn't possess:
✍ Nucleus
23) Eukaryot has a:
✍ Nucleus
24) In bacterial cell..............is not found:
✍ Golgi apparatus
25) ................Is found in plant cell while in animal cell it is absent.
✍ Cell wall
26) Jelly like structure found inside the cell are reffered as.
✍ Cytoplasm
27) Which part of cell makes proteins:
✍ Ribosomes
28) Most important stimulant in tea leaves:
✍ Caffeine
29) First cloned sheep was discovered by:
✍ Dolly
30) Which part of cells process packages and export proteins.
✍ Golgi apparatus
31) Colored part of eye is called
✍ Iris
32) Tubes that carry away blood from heart is called:
✍ Arteries
33) Tiny bumps on tongue is called is:
✍ Taste buds
34) Black part of eye is termed as:
✍ Pupil
35) .............Tubes carry blood towards heart
✍ Veins
36) Chromosomes consists of:
✍ DNA and Proteins
37) Poison of honey bee is:
✍ Acidic
38) Apple is rich in:
✍ Iron
39) Longest nerve is
✍ Sciatic

⭕Important_Information⭕

➡️ Femur is the largest bone.
➡️ Stapes(ear bone) is the smallest bone.
➡️ Humerus(arm bone) is called laughing bone.
➡️ Clavicle(shoulder bone) is called loving bone.
➡️ Adult has 206 bones
➡️ Baby has 300 bones
➡️ Man has 360 joints
➡️ Hyoid(throat bone) is only jointless bone.
➡️ Neck 7 bones
➡️ Hand 27 bones
➡️ Foot 26 bones
➡️ Vertebral column 33 bones.
➡️ Liver is the largest gland
➡️ pancreas is the 2nd largest gland.
➡️ Pineal is the smallest gland.
➡️ Aorta is the largest Artery.
➡️ Vena cava is the largest vein.
➡️ Cardaic muscles found in Heart.
➡️ Heart never rest till death.
➡️ After the death human brain works till minutes.
➡️ Skull 8 bones
➡️ Blood is formed in bone marrow.
➡️ Cardiology is the study of heart.
➡️ Spleen is called graveyard.
➡️ Clavicle is also beauti bone in females!
➡️ Pancrease is also called double gland!
➡️ peneal gland is also called as primative eye!
➡️ Tochelear_Nerve Study shows that peneal gland was supplied by trochlear nerve ... Cn 4.