Force-Free Training with Candice

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Force-Free Training with Candice CPDT-KA, FFCP. In-home servicing CSRA including Fort Eisenhower, virtual nationwide.
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When Indigo was around 5 or so, she got really overweight, before we knew better. A year of metabolic food got her back ...
17/11/2024

When Indigo was around 5 or so, she got really overweight, before we knew better. A year of metabolic food got her back on track, and then I counted calories, used some of her meals for training, and eyeballed her form and she was able to be on regular food and stayed right around her ideal weight (within a few pounds either side) the rest of her life!

Keeping a proper weight is so important for our pets’ health. Body composition is a good starting point, to give you the accurate number on the scale to keep as your goal (rather than starting with the scale).

There are online calculators to help you determine average calorie needs, and of course recommended serving sizes for commercial food, but they are all general guidelines - monitor your pet’s body composition, and speak to your vet or a canine nutritionist for information specific to your pet and their needs.

Know how many calories (kcals) your dog consumes daily. Check out our easy-to-use calculator on thebark.com/calories (Don’t forget to figure in the calories from their treats too.) Here are the kcals for some ingredients often used in home-cooked foods: 1 large egg = 70 1 oz. skinless, boneless ch...

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17/11/2024

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It is very common to feel embarrassed or like you are being judged when your dog behaves in a way that has been labeled socially inappropriate. Follow this flowchart to tryout a compassionate problem solving approach and don’t forget to take a look around afterwards and see the positive impact you’re creating. Every moment could be an opportunity to set an example of how we can all be more kind to each other and our animals. We all could benefits from more of that in our lives. ❤️🐕

17/11/2024
16/11/2024

"It doesn't matter what the x-ray says is 'mild'; what matters is how he is experiencing it as the patient".

A diagnosis of mild hip dysplasia doesn't necessarily mean a dog is experiencing mild pain.

Pain is a subjective experience and if you've got a dog that tends to experience things deeply and sensitively, mild to others may actually feel very significant and severe to them.

We cannot tell a dog how much pain they're allowed to feel.

A meeting with a veterinary professional about a client this afternoon who just GOT IT. The quote above is theirs. What we need to be looking at is the individual dogs behaviour and experience on a day to day basis, not severities according to x-rays etc.

Dogs are individuals and categories of "mild", "moderate" and "severe" can only be used for physiological indicators, not experiential assumptions.

Pic of my Lily who has had her own structural difficulties flagged up as well. We will be doing some supportive therapies to help her with these because although she doesn't present like she's in pain with her behaviour, she does with her movements and postures.

Every dog is different.

Respect their individuality outside of any labels that may be given to them 🐾💜

16/11/2024

The “Neutral” Dog

On just about every post concerning puppy socialisation these days, you will find comments or advice such as, “remember that socialisation means teaching your dog to be neutral about people and dogs – it doesn’t mean encouraging them to interact.”

These comments have started to really bother me, as I don’t think they reflect the reality of how living creatures respond to the world around them and set impossible requirements for dogs, especially for young puppies. I sometimes wonder if people making these comments understand anything about the mammalian brain or what the word neutral even means.

Just like us, dogs are emotionally driven creatures. They respond to the environment around them according to how they feel and how things in the environment make them feel. Feeling is the essence of what it means to be alive and conscious. It is the difference between an animal and a robot.

The term “neutral” means feeling neither positive nor negative about something. It implies feeling nothing. I would ask you to try and think of things in your life that you feel absolutely nothing about. Can you think of any? How many situations in our lives evoke zero emotional response, where we feel absolutely nothing about the environment we are in or about the people we are around? Maybe routine things like eating breakfast or cleaning our teeth in the morning don’t make us feel much on the surface, but if you scratch a little deeper, for most of us eating always involves some small level of pleasurable anticipation and hygiene chores can feel like drudgery or even an annoyance when we may be in a hurry. Driving to work we may feel pleasure listening to a radio station or music, but we may also feel frustration anticipating traffic or anxiety about being late for work. Arriving at work there may be people that we enjoy seeing and who make us feel cheerful and motivated and there may others who make us feel uncomfortable or slightly stressed. Our emotions are likely to fluctuate with every situation – not always extremely – but just little ebbs and flows of feelings throughout the day.

We are seldom, if ever, completely neutral and I believe that it is the same for our dogs. The idea of expecting dogs to ignore people, dogs and situations because they should not have any feelings about them, seems quite ridiculous to me. Dogs are sentient, complex emotional beings – they are not robots. They are going to feel something in all situations and that something is going to tend towards consisting of either positive emotions or negative ones, depending on their predisposition and life experiences.

So, what about habituation? Does that not mean learning that something has no meaning and so ignoring it? Yes, it does – however, this usually refers to learning to ignore simple stimuli in the environment as inconsequential rather than having no feelings about social situations and other living beings. For example, while I am writing this, there are insects creating a constant high-pitched hum in the garden outside on this hot summer day. However, I only become conscious of them, when I stop typing for a second and take a moment to reconnect to my surroundings. I can also hear the distant hum of the sea, but all these sounds are so familiar and constant that my brain habituates to them and almost blocks them out. This is a vastly different situation in comparison to me deciding to go for a walk down to the beach and passing various neighbours or their dogs – while I may be quite used to encountering other people or dogs on walks, having my brain tune them out completely would be completely bizarre and rather inappropriate.

Yet that seems to be exactly what people advocate for and expect from dogs these days. Dogs must be “neutral” and dogs that actually have feelings about other living beings and any desire to engage or interact are “rude” and poorly trained. Of course, dogs cannot always go up and engage with other people and dogs and we do absolutely need to be able to teach them how to cope when it is best to disengage or stay away – but never allowing them to engage at all in the first place as puppies or to have any positive interactions is not going to create a “neutral” dog. It is in fact more likely to create a frustrated or anxious dog that has no idea how to respond if they are approached and engaged with - something that will happen at some point if you live in the real world.

The socialisation period is a time of high social attraction in dogs – they are drawn to interact with others, because by interacting they learn social skills and communication. They also learn associations and whether other people and dogs are safe or unsafe. Puppies may be drawn to want to go up to everyone and everything, but contrary to popular opinion, this does not mean that they will have the same desire to do so as adults, if you allow them to engage and enjoy interactions with other dogs and people as puppies. Again, of course every dog is different and some dogs may remain more social throughout their lives as adults and require a bit more management and training in how to cope when they cannot interact, but for most, the high level of social attraction that makes them want to run to everyone wanes as they mature and they naturally become more reserved.

It really concerns me that people are being encouraged to expect puppies to keep to themselves and never interact with people or dogs when out and about. The idea of a puppy enjoying themselves playing with friends or learning that other people can be friendly, fun and pleasant to be around has become a terrible thing to be avoided at all costs. Heaven forbid that a dog actually develops a liking for other people or dogs and enjoys their company – don’t you know that this leads to all manner of “bad” behaviour and that a “neutral” dog with no feelings towards other dogs and people is a good dog?

Of course, there is a balance to strike. Of course, we can’t allow our dogs to run up to everyone and everything all the time. Of course, we need to protect them from bad experiences by choosing who is appropriate and isn’t appropriate to meet and greet and of course we need to teach them to handle not being able to engage or approach with minimum frustration or disappointment – but these are training issues which we can work on throughout our dogs’ lives and not an excuse to skip socialisation altogether.

At the end of the day, I would rather have a dog that was a little too friendly, than a dog that was uncomfortable in social situations due to lack of positive experiences. A dog that is uncertain is far more likely to become defensive than a dog who has positive feelings. Regardless of what we aim for though, our dogs will have all sorts of emotions, some positive and some negative – just like us. That is what it means to be alive. It is our job to understand and help them, not to try and isolate them into becoming robots.

Note that “authoritative” is NOT the same as “authoritarian”. It can be confusing! Consider that “authoritative”, as def...
16/11/2024

Note that “authoritative” is NOT the same as “authoritarian”. It can be confusing! Consider that “authoritative”, as defined in the text below, is akin to gentle parenting and force-free training. 💕

Did you know the way you train, or 'parent' your dog affects their attachment style?? 😮

It has been long recognised that a secure attachment style is the most optimum attachment style for human children, as it allows the child to feel more comfortable exploring and interacting with the world, and in the long term being able to grow into a well adjusted adult. The same parallel has also been found in dogs, and that secure attachment provides the optimum starting place for a well adjusted canine companion!

There is now even research showing that the pet parenting or training styles you use with your dog similarly mirror the parenting styles used for human children, and how they impact whether or not a secure attachment will form. With human children the styles of parenting are separated into several distinct styles including:

🔹Authoritative (responsive to needs, solves problems together, with clear expectations and rules)

🔹Authoritarian (demands obedience rather than working together, punishment based and little care of the child/learners needs or feelings)

🔹Permissive (no real boundaries or structure, indulgent of wants and needs of the child/learner)

And..
🔹 Neglectful/uninvolved (inconsistent boundaries, generally uninvolved and unresponsive to feelings or needs).

It has also been found that the authoritative style of pet parenting (shown through positive training, supportive and nurturing but not permissive) has the best outcome for producing securely attached dogs, and that the dogs were 'highly social, sensitive to social context and were more persistent and successful on the problem solving tasks'. Whereas authoritarian pet parenting (shown through balanced/alpha based training, strong boundaries and punishment based) had a significantly lower chance of producing a dog with a secure attachment. Permissive pet parenting styles (training with little to no boundaries or structure) also were less likely to have a secure attachment style (this research did not cover neglectful parenting styles).
This is further evidence, backed by scientific study, that punishment based training does not produce the most well adjusted canine companions, and that structure and boundaries taught with kindness rather than fear is the way to go! 👍

You can check out the study mentioned in the graphic for yourself here: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36175745/

And learn more about attachment in our previous graphic here: https://www.facebook.com/DogNerdSussex/posts/pfbid02vKQKArqRNLn44TnsCQi7v4ck565piEE8idrT7rA5jEFN1SZvMGKo6aVnn9cz4yTjl

16/11/2024

"OOOOOF , YOU'RE WAY TOO EXPENSIVE"
Each professional has their own process and will put a price on their professional time based on their (self) perceived efficacy, demand for their services, competition (potentially, not always) their location and their experience, accreditations and qualifications - although, not always as there are plenty of self validated unqualified dog pofessionals out there.

Or, they may also be validated by the number of followers they have on social media! Be cautious that you are not paying for a personality, as opposed to informed tailor made support that you and your dog will likely benefit from.

The price for our services is not only based on the above, but the fact that we are incredibly thorough in our work, and highly supportive of our clients (should they utilise our support!).

Here's a break down of our process with our behaviour cases:

1️⃣ As far ahead of the session as possible we read through a 12 page questionnaire completed by the client.

2️⃣ We go through the dog's medical history.

3️⃣ We create a summary of the key information and identify where we need more information.

4️⃣ We identify what changes the client can make NOW to mitigate risk of escalation and get the ball rolling- and notes are sent to the client AHEAD OF THEIR SESSION! (This isn't possible for last minute bookings, although those are less frequent).

5️⃣ In some instances, this includes us needing to write to vets to discuss our thoughts on potential health related components that would benefit from being attended to AHEAD OF THE SESSION.

6️⃣ We check in with the client the week before their session so we can assess how the initial advice has been applied.

7️⃣ We then see the client for their session, which is often far more productive because some aspects of the behaviour modification plan has already started before we have even seen the client.

We enter this session with an existing knowledge and understanding of the dog’s life and behaviour problem- this also allows us to safeguard ourselves with dog-human aggression cases and sets the session up to be as safe, calm and productive as possible and most importantly, less stressful for the dog!

More often than not, this session involves 45-60 minutes of filling the gaps in information, and then 45-60 minutes of practical training/interventions.

8️⃣ We then write a behaviour report.
I dont' care what people say about behaviour reports, I don't expect my clients to remember all of the advice and from a professional indemnity perspective I think they are important.
I am frequently getting clients commenting on how helpful their reports are.

9️⃣ A summary is sent to the referring veternarian and commonly, this will involve a covering letter discussing our observations on commonplace health problems such as potential muscular skeletal problems, gastro intestinal issues, skin disease etc.

In some instances, not all, we have to provide detailed information on cases with referring veternarians with regards to our observations so the vet can make an informed decision with regards to medication.

Vets are commonly commenting us on our detailed reports and helpful communication.

🔟 We check in with the clients as frequently as we can, assessing progress and answering questions. As clinical animal behaviourist, we are required to log all communications.
I have some support documents for cases that are 20 pages long. 20 pages of answering questions and refining the advice to the individual.

1️⃣1️⃣ We absolutely push our clients for follow ups (most book packages anyway). Each time they have a follow up, notes are added to their report and where relevant, further conversations with referring veternarians may occur (and are actually relatively commonplace).


📝 Add on top of that the constant updating of knowledge, reading clinical research papers, cross referencing literature, watching webinars.

🎥 Then add the creating of resources that are given to clients for free, video tutorials and handouts to support all of the advice.

🧍‍♀️ 🧍‍♀️ As we work as a team, there is also background work going in. In depth conversations about a case we are transfering to another team member for a variety of reasons (rehab with their helper dogs, differences in availability, location etc). Our reports help slicken up the case handover too.


Considering the time involved, are we really THAT expensive?
*Plus, most insurers cover our costs!*

What matters most to me is that this fee allows us to NOT spread ourselves too thin. Our team of behaviourists take on two cases each a week.

A final example, a client I am seeing soon (and whom I got advanced notes to) has reported an improvement in their dog ahead of their session.

They were waiting weeks for their assessment, but in this time I have helped the client help their dog and de-escalate the situation. I wrote to the vets, and together we have got this dog through fireworks season.

This client is now going to have a more productive assessment.
This pre-assessment progress (should clients action the advice given) reported is not uncommon and for me, is highly rewarding.


I hope this post gives all reading food for thought and helps those needing help assess whether a service is potentially too expensive or is actually reasonable value for their money.

Naturally, individual budgets will also come into it!

Professionals will all have their own systems and processes, and that will also be based on the types of cases they see.

Clinical Animal Behaviourists can get very complex cases, and my process (and the costs involved) has been designed to systematically work through the multiple layers involved in such cases and support clients on what is, more often than not, a behaviour modification journey.

Final note: Nothing has prompted this post other than reading comments over time about the cost of dog behaviour professionals, in some instances even reading professionals being assumed and labelled as ‘ineffective’ by other professionals (and often without knowledge of the time invested into cases).

15/11/2024

Choosing the right toys for your dog seems like an easy task, but are you really choosing those toys for your dog or for yourself? Read more.

15/11/2024

The number of cats diagnosed with diabetes appears to be increasing, and often occurs in cats that are overweight and/or older: http://bit.ly/CatDiabetes 👈

15/11/2024

Many animals probably hold mental representations about the whereabouts of others; this is a form of socio-spatial cognition. We tested whether cats mentally map the spatial position of their owner or a familiar cat to the source of the owner’s or familiar cat’s vocalization. In Experiment 1, we...

15/11/2024

Your dog is always learning, even if you don't think they are. You are training your dog all the time, even if it's not intentional. The best way to get successful behavior is to work on it throughout the day, when you're doing normal day things.

Intentionally reward your dog for sitting while you wash dishes. This is a great step when working on counter-surfing behaviors as well as a great way to reinforce your dog that if she sits she'll get a reward. This ensures she'll choose to sit instead of some other behavior if you continue to teach her that. That's just one example.

Can you think of any ways you intentionally train your dog throughout the day?

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14/11/2024

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13/11/2024

Are you looking forward to puppy's first Christmas? Or are you worried about your pup wreaking havoc with your beautiful tree. There are some creative ways to puppy proof your Christmas tree while creating a lovely, festive look. Here are just a few examples. I personally love the last one: malinois proof?

Are you planning to gate off your tree? Got an original solution? Please share a photo of it here! We're always looking for great new ideas to share with everyone.

08/11/2024

Great work 💕

08/11/2024

Interactive playtime should be fun and rewarding. Be careful that you don't create frustration by keeping the toy out of reach and never letting your cat enjoy successful captures. Playtime is not just about physical exercise -- it's also for mental stimulation, stress relief, and confidence building.

08/11/2024

The cat's body is so magnificent.

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