馬齒不徒長- KYL Equine Dentistry and Nutrition

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馬齒不徒長- KYL Equine Dentistry and Nutrition Equine dentistry and nutrition info by a certified equine dentist/aspiring grad student
歡迎預約磨牙服務

Third year refloat - before dentalIt’s so nice to see my great clients keep up with the schedule and get their horses’ t...
12/06/2024

Third year refloat - before dental
It’s so nice to see my great clients keep up with the schedule and get their horses’ teeth done regularly!
Very minimum work needed this round.
Thank you for trusting me to be your equine dentist🦷❤️

-中文版-
第三次幫這隻馬磨牙,照片是今天開始前的照片,你可以看到規律磨牙對牙齒健康的影響!這次需要做的處理並不多。謝謝所有相信我也支持我的人們!

第二集~~|
09/04/2024

第二集~~|

❤️❤️❤️❤️大推用心的毛知音
02/04/2024

❤️❤️❤️❤️大推用心的毛知音

Taiwan dental tour is officially done🥳謝謝所有得馬主、教練、馬匹們的超高強度配合謝謝你們邀請我來服務你們的愛駒💕還有謝謝我厲害的合作獸醫羅醫師!馬的你不思議- 20 Cent 醫療資訊站需要任何醫療服務...
09/01/2024

Taiwan dental tour is officially done🥳
謝謝所有得馬主、教練、馬匹們的超高強度配合
謝謝你們邀請我來服務你們的愛駒💕
還有謝謝我厲害的合作獸醫羅醫師!馬的你不思議- 20 Cent 醫療資訊站
需要任何醫療服務或是整脊都可以找她唷!

我再過幾天就要回美國了
這次沒有預約到的要等到年底~
期待下次回來有更多成長和知識可以分享給大家

牙科和全身運動及口銜配置具有高度關聯性!
05/01/2024

牙科和全身運動及口銜配置具有高度關聯性!

🐴磨牙行程進行到一半了!謝謝我所有優質的客戶們🩷接下來的預約日期是:1/3 台南、高雄1/4 台北1/5 新竹、桃園1/8台東1/9花蓮如果有需要的馬主們可以趕緊預約可以合併預約整脊羅筱茜醫師我1/13的飛機離開台灣~錯過要再等一年噢!📸P...
27/12/2023

🐴磨牙行程進行到一半了!謝謝我所有優質的客戶們🩷

接下來的預約日期是:

1/3 台南、高雄
1/4 台北
1/5 新竹、桃園
1/8台東
1/9花蓮

如果有需要的馬主們可以趕緊預約
可以合併預約整脊羅筱茜醫師
我1/13的飛機離開台灣~
錯過要再等一年噢!

📸Photo credit: 新竹動物園

牙到底該拔不拔? 這篇論文探討處置EOTRH拔牙後馬匹反應, 即使全門牙拔除都反應良好! 有廔管, 紅腫牙齦, 臭味等都可能是EOTRH的跡象, 及早處置和定期追蹤很重要喔~ #年底回台牙科處置歡迎預約"statistically sign...
16/10/2023

牙到底該拔不拔? 這篇論文探討處置EOTRH拔牙後馬匹反應, 即使全門牙拔除都反應良好! 有廔管, 紅腫牙齦, 臭味等都可能是EOTRH的跡象, 及早處置和定期追蹤很重要喔~
#年底回台牙科處置歡迎預約

"statistically significant differences were found in the horses' body condition, dropping of hay, speed of eating, general behaviour, resistance to bridling and headshaking. In addition, owners reported that horses were ‘happier’ after surgery and that total extraction improved quality and extended the life of their horse. Over 90% of owners would also elect to have the procedure performed on another horse in the future."

Background Equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis (EOTRH) is being increasingly recognised as a painful and debilitating condition in some affected horses, that can produce pain o...

感謝信任我們的朋友!謝謝羅醫生大方打折給大家馬的你不思議- 20 Cent 醫療資訊站預約時間快要額滿了唷~有需要的馬友們趕快預約 :)
02/09/2023

感謝信任我們的朋友!謝謝羅醫生大方打折給大家
馬的你不思議- 20 Cent 醫療資訊站

預約時間快要額滿了唷~
有需要的馬友們趕快預約 :)

今年回台灣時間少需要馬匹磨牙的要趕快預約唷~
29/07/2023

今年回台灣時間少
需要馬匹磨牙的要趕快預約唷~

🐎🔬 Interesting finding in the lab🔬🐎**Purely descriptive no statistics was done**When I was processing the horse f***l sa...
15/06/2023

🐎🔬 Interesting finding in the lab🔬🐎
**Purely descriptive no statistics was done**

When I was processing the horse f***l samples, I found something cool ---- the f***l fiber length (or particle size composition) can be very different from a horse with good teeth and bad teeth under the same feed regime.

The one on the top has no major malocclusions just sharp and has hooks on the 6s and 11s. On the other hand, horses in the lower picture have a waved mouth, missing teeth, and periodontal disease. The bottom one is also 5 years older than the top one.

This is where nutrition comes in-- Apparently the bottom horse couldn't process the stemmy hay well therefore lots of stems showed up in the f***s. Considering the age, his dental issues are not reversible. Dietary change was necessary to the horse (that horse had a BCS of 2). I recommended the owner to use soaked forage pellets or beet pulp as alternative forage sources, and use higher fat content grain to help with weight gain. I visited the horse about 6 weeks after dental and he has gained 1-2 scale on the BCS.

Nutrition and Dental come hand in hand! We need both to make our horses healthy!

I had a chance to work on some zoo ponies last year. It was a great experience. I love how passionate the keepers and zo...
04/01/2023

I had a chance to work on some zoo ponies last year. It was a great experience. I love how passionate the keepers and zoo vets were!!

年底回台灣的日期正式出來囉~ 可預約的時間是2022/12/19~2023/01/10有需要磨牙的馬主和馬場可以開始預約囉~先前已收到一些私訊預約,再麻煩馬主們填寫以下表單以利正式安排路線和時間:https://forms.gle/8Ek4...
04/09/2022

年底回台灣的日期正式出來囉~
可預約的時間是2022/12/19~2023/01/10
有需要磨牙的馬主和馬場可以開始預約囉~
先前已收到一些私訊預約,再麻煩馬主們填寫以下表單以利正式安排路線和時間:https://forms.gle/8Ek4msqZf863sCju9

本次主要合作獸醫是 馬的你不思議- 20 Cent 醫療資訊站
羅筱茜醫師~
目前她12月及1 月仍有空檔,倘若時間上無法安排會再與其他獸醫師合作~ 我們會盡量一同出車並規劃最短路徑(以路線起始點-目的地計算)來節省馬主的出車費。請大家及早預約😊

我們也推出合併預約的優惠活動,同時預約磨牙和整脊可享總價折1000~
一匹馬若同時預約初次磨牙+初次整脊粗估為9000元
(磨牙初次價5000+ 整脊體驗價3500+ 鎮靜費粗估1500- 優惠1000)
建議同場地一次預約5隻以上來分攤出車費,同天進行也能省去羅醫師二度出車費和出診費唷!

備註: 通常建議磨牙後2-3天減少騎乘強度,有些牙況不好的馬會需要更長的適應期,若有比賽的馬匹請在賽事前一個月以上磨牙喔! 整脊部分,也建議至少三天限制運動唷~

🇹🇼我回台灣的時間是今年12/5--明年1/5,需要磨牙的馬主教練們可以預約詢問唷🇹🇼🐴馬兒幾歲開始需要看牙🦷?!今天遇到的個案是上個月剛滿3歲的American Quarter Horse凱蒂。教練/馬主表示她常常甩頭,嘴巴總是忙著嚼口銜...
04/07/2022

🇹🇼我回台灣的時間是今年12/5--明年1/5,需要磨牙的馬主教練們可以預約詢問唷🇹🇼



🐴馬兒幾歲開始需要看牙🦷?!
今天遇到的個案是上個月剛滿3歲的American Quarter Horse凱蒂。教練/馬主表示她常常甩頭,嘴巴總是忙著嚼口銜,不管換了多少個類型和尺寸的口銜都一樣...
打開嘴巴一看--- 牙齒狀況好忙啊!!! 裡面有
1️⃣狼牙 (wolf tooth)
2️⃣新生的前臼齒 (位在狼牙後方)
3️⃣鬆動但還未脫落的乳牙 (retained cap)
4️⃣食物殘渣塞在乳牙和恆齒中間 (feed packing)
5️⃣頰肉割傷 (cheek laceration)
6️⃣正在萌發的最後一顆臼齒 (照片裡看不到,牙齒才剛從牙齦冒出)

有這麼多狀況在發生,當然會嘴巴不舒服呀!
馬匹看牙需及早開始,通常推薦2歲時可以進行第一次檢查和磨牙,因為尖銳的牙齒和換牙常會造成不適。每年的檢查可以確保牙齒生長正常,也預防其他牙科疾病!

It is recommended to start yearly routine dental maintenance at two years old! They have a lot going on from two to five years old: Newly erupted teeth, shedding caps (aka baby teeth), wolf teeth, sharp enamel edges and cheek lacerations...etc. A retained cap can lead to abnormal wear of adult teeth, irritation and inflammation from feed packing. Make sure to schedule an appointment for your beloved horses with your dental practitioner for better dental health!

26/03/2022

研究所很忙,超級久沒發文--和大家介紹我的新玩具「口腔內視鏡」(Oral Endoscope)!!
口腔內視鏡可以看到更全面的角度,做更完善的檢查。最棒的是可以隨時錄影或拍照,不用怕紀錄不完整~ 完整的紀錄和檢查才能做出最好的照護判斷,有了內視鏡後,我觀察到以往沒特別注意,或無法用肉眼判斷的小細節。影片範例是馬匹左上排牙齒,特別注意的是209頰側牙髓斷裂。雖然肉眼就可以看到斷裂,但內視鏡可以看到完整的斷裂面和周圍組織發炎狀況等。除了斷裂,這匹馬還有牙骨質蛀牙的問題(peripheral cementum caries),雖然還不嚴重,但也需盡快釐清原因以保有牙齒最長壽命~

🦷牙齒生長小知識🦷大家猜猜圖中這隻馬應該是幾歲呢?而馬匹應該幾歲開始進行牙科檢查呢?牙齒是用來判斷馬匹年齡裡十分準確的一項工具,而優良的磨牙照護可以讓牙齒咬合更加平衡,延長牙齒的壽命。馬匹齒式為「高冠牙(hypsodont)」,意思是馬匹一...
25/09/2021

🦷牙齒生長小知識🦷

大家猜猜圖中這隻馬應該是幾歲呢?而馬匹應該幾歲開始進行牙科檢查呢?

牙齒是用來判斷馬匹年齡裡十分準確的一項工具,而優良的磨牙照護可以讓牙齒咬合更加平衡,延長牙齒的壽命。馬匹齒式為「高冠牙(hypsodont)」,意思是馬匹一生有一定長度的牙會逐年萌發到18歲,因此牙齒的咬合是處在動態平衡,需要每年至少一次的檢查和磨牙才能確保咬合正常。

一匹正常成馬臉頰一排總共有6顆牙齒,上下左右共4排,因此頰齒總共24顆。門牙的部分則是總共12顆,且都會經歷換牙。而圖中這隻的頰齒一排只有3顆完整的乳牙「前臼齒」,再加上正在萌發的一顆臼齒,因此可以判斷超過一歲了。另外,臼齒是恆齒,並沒有乳牙的存在唷!我最喜歡這顆頭骨的部分,就是躲在裡面還沒萌發的第二臼齒👀 第二臼齒要滿兩歲的時候才會長出牙齦,而第三臼齒則是三歲。

從牙齒表面來看,也能知道剛萌發的牙齒較為尖銳不平整,若上下顎的牙齒沒有在相近時期萌發或掉乳牙,更容易造成萌發速度不同,導致齒列成為波浪狀或是一高一低,造成口腔壓力不均,嚴重時更會影響到進食和運動狀態。因此,牙科檢查應從2歲時開始進行而非等到成年喔!這樣才能確保沒有乳牙滯留、蛀牙、或是咬合不正的問題喔!

🌟推薦磨牙次數與年齡:
5歲內:一年一次,檢查乳牙滯留或是生長缺陷
5-12歲:一年兩次,此期間牙齒生長較為快速,有些頻繁比賽或是較為敏感的馬匹可能會需要三次
12歲以上:一年一次,但也會因為年輕時期牙齒狀況造成個體差異而有次數的不同

🍀歡迎大家留言或私訊~告訴我你想知道什麼樣的馬匹牙科及營養知識或是案例🍀

13/09/2021

✓馬匹牙科重要性--案例分享2
影片中蠕動的蟲蟲是馬蠅的幼蟲👀 馬蠅卵會附著在馬匹腿部,再經過馬匹舔咬等動作進入口中。我曾經看過馬匹舌頭上滿是類似刻痕的傷口(照片在一樓),那是馬蠅幼蟲移行造成的~ 除了附著在舌頭和臉頰上,他們更會躲在牙齒間的小縫隙裡。因此,完整的齒科檢查加上定期驅蟲是非常重要的!

✓馬匹牙科重要性--案例分享磨牙的重要性不只是修掉牙齒邊緣尖銳的琺瑯質(sharp enamel points),更是檢查出其它問題,例如咬合不正(malocclusion)、蛀牙(caries)、牙周病(periodontitis)、牙齒...
08/09/2021

✓馬匹牙科重要性--案例分享

磨牙的重要性不只是修掉牙齒邊緣尖銳的琺瑯質(sharp enamel points),更是檢查出其它問題,例如咬合不正(malocclusion)、蛀牙(caries)、牙周病(periodontitis)、牙齒斷裂(fracture)和橫嵴過長(excessive transverse ridges)等。良好的牙科照護除了讓馬兒更舒服之外,也會連帶影響到馬匹整體生物力學和營養消化。透過一年一次以上的磨牙照護,一些牙科問題可以慢慢恢復成健康模樣~

更:現存的四隻馬匹都已到新家安置囉~ 謝謝大家的幫忙,祝福馬兒們❤️--------------------------------------------------------------------回應春天農場馬匹不當飼養新聞昨晚學妹...
11/08/2021

更:現存的四隻馬匹都已到新家安置囉~ 謝謝大家的幫忙,祝福馬兒們❤️

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回應春天農場馬匹不當飼養新聞

昨晚學妹傳了IG春天農場六隻馬匹骨瘦如柴的照片給我,看了十分心疼💔,也認為除了媒體露出之外,更需實際作為幫助到馬匹。過去一天透過很多馬圈朋友的幫忙,已喚起民眾、媒體和動保處的關心,也有善心人士運了優質牧草給農場,希望馬匹早日恢復健康。

在自由時報新聞報導裡提到了農場飼養管理方式,其中有幾點我在此做回應,希望宣導民眾及農場正確飼養觀念:

1️⃣因無遊客餵食麵包因此身形較為消瘦?🍞

首先,麵包不應做為馬匹食物來源,就算只是遊客偶爾餵飼,餵飼量也不應大到可以明顯影響到馬匹體態。再者,餵飼麵包還有其他營養及代謝失調的可能。農場並未解釋麵包種類,但就以一般白吐司而言,成分組成大多為澱粉(麵粉)、鹽、奶油、砂糖、酵母等,其中又以澱粉為最大宗。馬匹是後腸發酵動物,澱粉不易在小腸消化,大量的糖分進入大腸發酵後,容易造成過多乳酸堆積,進而造成腸道酸鹼值下降、菌相失衡、腸壁損傷或是疝痛。腸道菌相的失衡更是造成體型消瘦及內分泌失衡主因,攝取過多糖分亦會造成不可逆的代謝疾病,如蹄葉炎。

另一需擔心的為麵包裡的微量元素平衡,如維生素、鈣、磷等。綜合上述,若只是偶爾餵飼麵包,不應造成體態的大幅變動,推估為基礎飼糧出了問題。

2️⃣每天餵食四匹成馬兩大桶草塊?🪣🪣

馬匹主食應為乾草,餵飼法應少量多餐(總量拆成至少三餐)。一匹體態適中、無騎乘用途之成馬,一天所需乾草量大約為體重的2% ,換言之,一匹體重500公斤的馬一天需吃飽10公斤的乾草才符合基本需求,也須提供少量的低糖均衡飼料(low-sugar low-starch ration balancer)來補足礦物質及維生素需求。因農場未提供草塊種類以及桶子大小,難以評估餵飼總重量,但從馬匹體態來看,需要做調整。

草塊最大的缺點就是缺少長纖維(long-stem fiber),因此消化快速,對馬匹消化道較不健康;加上草塊小小的,進食相當容易,反而會增加馬匹吃太快、噎到、和消化道異常的風險。在國外,部分地區在乾旱或下雪時,一天會餵食馬匹5-7公斤的草塊來滿足營養需求,但因草塊很快就吃完了,很多馬匹會感到無聊或不滿足,而有嚼食木頭等刻板行為。

3️⃣馬這麼瘦,是不是現在要趕快改變食物大餵特餵補起來?🐴

這是錯誤的迷思,不管是改變精料及草料種類或是增加餵飼量,都須給馬匹約兩周的轉換期。在轉換期間,可以每一至兩天代換約10%的飼糧/草料直至完全代換,並密切觀察期間馬匹是否有食欲減退或疝痛等問題,一些腸胃敏感的馬匹可能需要更長的轉換期。若是從毫無草原的生活環境轉換至草原放牧,也應從每天短暫草原放牧(少於半小時)配合乾草,循序漸進改變。

4️⃣馬匹這麼瘦,除了營養不良之外還有可能是什麼問題?🩺🦷💊💉

較為常見的其他兩種可能為寄生蟲及齒科問題。馬匹需定期驅蟲並配合獸醫做檢查,找到適合的預防和治療方針。馬匹牙齒在達一定年齡前會不斷生長,他們獨特得齒式和咀嚼方式也會造成牙齒過度尖銳及不平衡,因此需要聘請受過專業馬匹齒科訓練之磨牙師和獸醫進行檢查及磨牙。體態消瘦亦有可能為其他疾病所造成,須由獸醫做詳細檢查釐清原因。

*相關新聞連結
Dcard: https://www.dcard.tw/f/mood/p/236683559?cid=B30A9B87-F63F-4442-AEA0-54D66C265BA2

自由時報: https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/life/breakingnews/3634873

蘋果日報: https://tw.appledaily.com/local/20210811/IRW6C56A2VAKTK2VIBFB6GN6JY/

ETtoday寵物雲: https://pets.ettoday.net/news/2053591

中天快點TV: https://gotv.ctitv.com.tw/2021/08/1850646.htm

*照片為學妹朋友提供

Equine dental care is an essential part of equine health. It ensures nutrients were consumed efficiently, which reduces ...
18/07/2021



Equine dental care is an essential part of equine health. It ensures nutrients were consumed efficiently, which reduces waste and saves money 😉
With good equilibration, you can see the differences in body condition in 6 weeks.

G is a 28-year-old Morgan horse with PPID (aka Cushing’s). He has 24/7 access to pasture and was fed free-choice first cut hay with 1.5 lbs of low carbohydrate ration balancer every day. He is also under regular medication for PPID.
Before dental care, we found that he has trouble keeping weight. G also appears to be less and less interested in his grain. Instead, he knocks it over and takes tiny bites. Even when he is eating, lots of food were falling off his mouth (quidding). Funky smells occasionally came out from his mouth too.

I found minimal free movement and uneven pressure on his teeth during the dental exam because of significant malocclusions and misalignment. Periodontal pockets were formed as well. My priority was to free up the movement and pressures while maximizing the chewing surface to make the teeth functional again.

After the dental care, he shows a better appetite! The owner reported that he stopped dropping food and stopped knocking grain over. He is chewing a lot more comfortable now

Hello all! My name is Kai. I am an internationally certified equine dentist (CEqD, and EqDT by IAED) from Taiwan. I am a...
18/07/2021

Hello all! My name is Kai. I am an internationally certified equine dentist (CEqD, and EqDT by IAED) from Taiwan. I am also pursuing my Master's degree in equine nutrition. I will be sharing cases, knowledge, and my journey on equine dentistry and nutrition on this page. Dental equilibration service is available in Alpine, Texas area (will travel to you too!). An annual dental workshop is also held in Taiwan. PM for more info :)

大家好,我是楷韻!第一位取得國際馬匹牙科協會(Internatinal Association of Equine Dentistry)證照核可(EqDT及CEqD)的台灣磨牙師,目前正在美國攻讀馬匹營養碩士。我期望透過這個粉專分享一路上學習到的知識和案例,更希望學成歸國後能為台灣馬業盡力。粉專會更新我回台可預約磨牙服務與馬主教育工作坊的時間,歡迎馬主馬場們私訊詢問唷~

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