23/10/2025
My neighbor sent me this awesome picture of this chonky water snake that was in her yard, so I thought I would share it with you guys because it highlights some of the things to look for when trying to decipher if the snake in your yard is a harmless water snake, or a venomous cottonmouth 🐍
1) Do you see those vertical black lines/bars on her bottom jaw? That is a telltale sign that you have a water snake, and not a cottonmouth.
2) Do you see her round pupils? Cottonmouths have vertical pupils like a cat (when they are not dilated). In addition, the eyes of a harmless water snake are big and round looking, because they lack the hooded scales over their eyes that pit vipers have.
3) Do you see the "expression" on her face? She looks kind of silly, right? 😅 While this may be a more subjective method of identification, cottonmouths tend to look "angry". It's not their fault, and they are certainly not angry; it's just the face they were born with. Whereas harmless water snakes tend to have a really goofy expression on their face, and no matter how hard they try, they can't get rid of it 💚
4) Do you see how her head is flattened out into a triangular shape? This is one of her only methods of defense when she is afraid or perceives a threat. They flatten out their head into a triangular shape to try and mimic the shape of a pit viper. But don't let this fool you. The bars on her bottom jaw and her goofy expression give her away 😍
5) NEVER use just one spec when trying to identify a snake. ALWAYS use two or more so that no mistakes are made. Trying to identify if a snake is venomous or not is an incredibly important task, and you must be correct.
6) Please advocate for these harmless water snakes when you see people asking for identification online. So many people consistently give out wrong information, and that wrong information spreads. In 2025, nobody should be telling you anymore that you can tell a venomous snake from a non-venomous snake by the shape of its head.
7) Notice I did not mention the "Zorro mask" that some people use to identify cottonmouths. This is because some harmless water snakes have a black line behind their eyes that runs parallel to the rest of their body. So this can sometimes lead to misidentification. Water snakes are beautiful creatures, and much like snowflakes and fingerprints, every one of them is slightly different. They come in a wide range of colors and patterns, and sometimes that includes having a black bar behind their eye that *could be mistaken* for the "Zorro mask" that cottonmouths have.
8) As always, if you see a snake in your yard and need help with identification (even if it's just to help you learn!) please take a picture of the snake from a safe distance and send it to us or post it to the experts in the Florida Snake Lady group 🙏
9) We only have six venomous snake species in Florida. So in your free time, Google to see what these six venomous snakes look like and practice identifying them. Memorize the six venomous snakes, and through the process of elimination, you will be able to deduce if the snake passing through your yard is venomous or not.
Special thank you to my awesome neighbor Melissa for sharing this adorable photo with me 💕