02/07/2023
There are five key points to disease prevention:
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1) Effective development of the calf’s immunity.
2) Biosecurity.
3) Limit stress.
4) Minimize the risk of exposure to bacteria, viruses and parasites in the calves’ environment.
5) Structure a management plan to isolate the new cases earlier & monitor the health state.
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1) Effective development of the calf’s immunity.
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This is supported by:
• Adequate colostrum intake.
• Feeding high quality calf milk replacer and concentrates.
• Free access to fresh water.
• A good vaccination program.
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2) Biosecurity:
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• Know the disease status of the source herd.
• Use and check colostrum status (contamination, quality).
• Reject sick calves.
• Aim to buy a three week old animal.
• Isolate new animals on farm.
• Practice good personnel hygiene e.g. foot baths placed outside calf houses, regular cleaning and disinfection of waterproof trousers/overalls/footwear.
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3) Limit stress.
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• Stress inhibits the immune system of calves.
• Factors such as transportation, sudden feed changes, poor ventilation, crowding, temperature fluctuations and drafts can all impact the disease resistance of calves.
• Adequate planning, scheduling and management of farm personnel and ongoing monitoring of calves are key factors in alleviating sources of stress.
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4) Minimize the risk of exposure to bacteria, viruses and parasites in the calves’ environment.
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• A broad-spectrum disinfectant should be used regularly to clean and sterilize pens, railings, water troughs, feeders and other equipment and surfaces.
• Well-bedded and well-ventilated housing with a good protocol around hygiene and calf husbandry will also help to minimize disease risk.
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5) Structure a management plan.
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• Keeping a careful watch on calves and intervening early if they are not thriving is crucial.
• If in any doubt as to the diagnosis or best treatment of a calf, contact your veterinarian immediately for advice.
