Sans Pareil Yorkshire Terriers

25/10/2021

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23/12/2020

https://youtu.be/PzKhKt8hwzI

Dogs’ Sleeping Positions can reveal a lot about their personality, health and how they are feeling. Here is what dog sleeping positions mean. This guide brea...

28/05/2020

Information posted by SACBR
''GENES'' (MERLE AND OTHERS) -
'n Merle hoef nie van merle teel honde te kom nie - dit kan twee gewone honde wees wat ook merle afgee!! - as jy onder die indruk is dat jou lyne nie n merle gene dra, is jy heelmoontlik onder n waan-indruk. dit kan gebeur!! en gebeur baie.

Genes have pairs of alleles (one from each parent) that are located at specific sites (loci) on a chromosome. When dogs breed, the mother and father each randomly contribute one allele from each locus, giving each allele a 50% chance of being passed on to the pups. One of the alleles at each locus is dominant and determines the traits, like coat color, portrayed in the dog.

It starts with two colors

Despite the huge variety in coat color, there are only two basic pigments that determine the color of canines: eumelanin (black) and phaeomelanin (red). All different variations in color are created by these two pigments, which are both forms of melanin.

"There are only two basic pigments that determine the color of canines"

Melanocytes are the cells within the hair follicles that add melanin to the hair as it grows and determines basic coat color. The more melanin, the darker the color. The production of melanin is not always at a steady rate so the tip of a dog’s hair may be darker than the rest of the hair shaft.

"Each of the pigments, eumelanin, and phaeomelanin, has a "default" color that can be

modified by various genes."

Each of the pigments, eumelanin, and phaeomelanin, has a "default" color that can be modified by various genes. Eumelanin is, by default, black pigment but variation in color occurs because genes modify eumelanin to create other colors such as liver(brown), blue (grey), or isabella (pale brown). Genes essentially “dilute” the pigment into these other colors by preventing the production of full strength eumelanin.

Phaeomelanin is the second pigment that determines the canine coat color. This pigment is red with a default color of gold or yellow. Phaeomelanin creates reds that range from deep red (Irish Setter) to orange, cream, gold, yellow or tan. Genes control the intensity of phaeomelanin making the color stronger or weaker. This pigment is produced only in the coat and affects only hair color while eumelanin affects eye and nose color. Phaeomelanin in people is responsible for freckles!

Eumelanin and phaeomelanin in all their forms create a huge range of dog coat colors. White hair on dogs occurs when cells do not produce any pigment at all. Most of the time this affects certain portions of the dog's coat. For example, you may see a colored dog with white markings. If eumelanin is not produced in the nose, the dog ends up with a pink nose. If eumelanin is absent in the eyes, the dog has blue eyes. Rarely, the entire coat is affected resulting in an albino dog with red eyes.

Genetics expands the range of these two colors.

Many genes impact the color of a dog by manipulating these two basic pigments. The dog genome contains approximately 3 billion base pairs of DNA and thousands of genes. But only 8 genes in the dog are associated with coat color. The loci associated with coat color in dogs are:

A (agouti) locus. This site is responsible for different coat patterns in the dog. Agouti protein controls the release of melanin into the hair and is involved in switching between the two pigments (eumelanin and phaeomelanin).

E (extension) locus. This locus creates the black facial mask of many dogs as well as yellow or red coats. The four alleles of this gene in order of dominance are the melanistic mask (Em), grizzle (Eg), black (E), and red (e).

K (dominant black) locus. This gene controls the dominant black, brindle, and fawn colors. This relatively new locus includes colorations previously linked to other genes like Agouti.

B (brown) locus. This locus is linked to brown, chocolate, and liver. There are two brown alleles, B (dominant brown) and b (recessive brown). It takes two recessives (bb) to dilute black pigment to brown. For dogs in the red or yellow pigment family (phaeomelanin), the brown allele can change the color of the nose and footpads to brown.

D (dilute) locus. This genetic site is responsible for diluted pigment which lightens coats from black or brown to gray or blue or very pale brown.A mutation in the melanophilin (MLPH) gene is the cause of color dilution. The two alleles associated with dilution are D (dominant full color) and d (recessive dilute). It takes two recessives (dd) to lighten black pigment to gray or blue and red pigment to cream.

M (merle) locus. The mutation that causes merle in all its forms has been identified. This site creates coats of irregularly shaped patches of diluted pigment and solid color. Merle only dilutes eumelanin (black) pigment. Dogs with red or yellow pigments are not merle but can produce merle pups.

H (harlequin) locus. This site is associated with white dogs that have black patches and often interact with the Merle locus to create different combinations of spots and colors.

S (spotting) locus. This locus is associated with interesting coat color patterns such as piebald, parti-color, and extreme white which produce coats with less symmetrical white spots.

Each of these loci works alone or in conjunction with another locus to control the production and distribution of eumelanin and phaeomelanin. The combined efforts of all the loci determine the color of the dog. But a dog of one color may carry hidden colors in his gene pool that may appear in his/her pups. That’s why you may have pups that do not mirror images of either parent.

Genes Rule

The color of a dog’s coat is basically at the mercy of his gene pool. Genes do two things that determine a dog’s appearance. They control the pigments produced (eumelanin and phaeomelanin) and where these pigments are produced. Genes rule by telling some cells to make eumelanin, others to make phaeomelanin, and still, others to make no pigment whatsoever. Genes can even tell a cell to switch gears and change from the production of eumelanin to phaeomelanin to create a hair that is both black and red!

Although it sounds like color may be determined by a roll of the dice, Mendle showed us years

20/05/2020

SANS PAREIL CROWN JEWEL 👑
This is my Great Great Grandfather ARAGON. (HEAVEN-SENT BOY VICTORIA BENEFIT) CZ IMPORT - KB BIRO
♥ ♥

04/03/2020

https://www.caninejournal.com/yorkshire-terrier/

Looking for a small family friendly dog that's fairly low maintenance? Read about the Yorkshire Terrier and learn why it's the 9th most popular dog breed.

01/03/2020

My Crown Prince and Princess. Blue Belle of the Ball, aka Blue, of Sans Pareil and Prince Charming, aka Perky, of Sans Pareil.They are my PETS and NOT FOR SALE.

23/02/2020

BLUE BELLE OF THE BALL OF SANS PAREIL. Not for sale. Blue 🔷 Chocoberry.

17/02/2020

The Difference Between Biewer & Parti Yorkshire Terriers

BY ELLE DI JENSEN
The American Kennel Club has clear standards on the coloring of Yorkshire terriers. Tan, blue and black hair in a specific pattern are outlined in the AKC Yorkie standard. Mother Nature is an artist who enjoys mixing up the colors every once in awhile, but there's no denying that Biewer and parti Yorkies are Yorkies, even with a bit of white in their coats.


Patchwork Pups
"Biewer" and "parti" Yorkies are have spotted coloring that includes large amounts of white rather than the specific non-white colors that the AKC asserts must appear in a certain pattern on the body for a Yorkie. While the AKC will allow a small patch of white on the chest of a registered Yorkie, it has to be less than an inch in size, so a large amount of white on a Yorkie's coat is one factor that makes it either a Biewer or a parti. The patchwork appearance of the coloring is also a consideration that separates the two from a standard Yorkshire terrier.

Origins
The origins of Biewer and parti Yorkies are the most notable difference between the two. Both are off-shoots from the original Yorkshire terrier breed that originated in England. Biewer Yorkies, however, are a fairly new breed that comes from a specific German line. While any Yorkie can carry the recessive gene that causes spotted patterns on the coat, only those that come from the original German puppy's line can be considered a Biewer Yorkie.

Recognition Factor
Biewer and parti Yorkies are recognized as purebred dogs, but Biewers aren't recognized by all registries in the U.S. They do have an official club and are shown in Germany, the country of their origin, and they participate in shows in some countries, but not in the United States. Biewers are becoming more and more popular in America, though. They are recognized by the American Canine Registry, which relies on the Biewer Yorkie Association for standards of the breed. Parti Yorkies are not considered a breed apart from Yorkshire terriers; "parti" describes the coloring and not the breed. Parti Yorkies can be registered with the AKC and other purebred canine registries, but partis cannot compete in AKC shows, as their white patched coats automatically disqualify them.

Color Doesn't Make the Yorkie
If you are drawn to the huge personality that comes in a tiny Yorkie package, the color that he sports shouldn't deter you from adopting one into your home. All dogs have their own personalities, but both Biewers and parti Yorkies have a classic Yorkshire terrier personality. They are affectionate, playful, loving and essentially even-tempered little guys who enjoy being with their humans. The appearance of white in his coat is just one more feature that makes your little guy an individual.

17/02/2020

AKC American Kennel Union

7 Things We Bet You Didn’t Know About Yorkshire Terriers
By Liz Donovan
Nov 22, 2016

As one of the AKC’s top 10 breeds year after year, Yorkshire Terriers are popular toy dogs, offering a big personality in a tiny package.

Here are seven surprising facts about Yorkies and the people who love them:

1. Yorkies Are the “Tomboy Toy”

7 Things We Bet You Didn’t Know About Yorkshire Terriers. Agility
Don’t be fooled by this toy breed’s tiny stature—they are five to seven pounds of pure tomboy. This spunky personality has earned the Yorkie its nickname, “the tomboy toy.” The breed standard references the breed’s trademark confidence and courage, saying, “The dog’s high head carriage and confident manner should give the appearance of vigor and self-importance.” Because of these traits, Yorkshire Terriers do well at everything from dog sports, like agility, to therapy work and makes them great travel companions as well as family dogs.

2. The Yorkie’s Coat Has a Similar Texture to a human hair.

Yorkies are known for their long, flowing, silky coats, which swish around the show ring. But this beautiful feature is also incredibly time-consuming to care for. Because the coat is similar to human hair, it tangles into knots if the owner doesn’t brush it every day (it can also break easily when brushing against carpets in the home). The bonus is that Yorkies don’t have an undercoat so their coat doesn’t shed anymore than your hair does. Many breeders recommend that owners keep their pet Yorkies in a “puppy cut,” which is short and easily to maintain.

3. Yorkies Have a Blue Collar Background

Sure, today they may wear bows in their top knots and their self-important air may make them seem like they have royal roots, but Yorkies have a rather unglamorous background of catching rats and other vermin in underground tunnels. This instinct still comes out in their play (offer a Yorkie a stuffed mouse, and you’ll see what we mean), and owners can put it to work in non-competitive AKC Earthdog tests. This sport allows dogs to test their ability to pursue caged rats underground.

4. Yep, Yorkies Are a Man’s Dog, Too. Tiny pup under man's legs

Really, Yorkies are great pets for both men and women. But the former Yorkshire Terrier Club of America President Cheryl Rangel has noticed a curious trend in her puppy buyers over three decades of breeding. She explained to AKC Family Dog that often the husband makes a point of telling her the dog will be his wife’s pet because he would rather have a “real dog,” like a German Shepherd. Months later when she checks in with the family, it turns out that the Yorkie has bonded better with the husband. “It’s unbelievable. The men do a 180,” Rangel told AKC Family Dog. Other “real men” who love Yorkies: Bruce Willis, football star Brett Favre, Justin Timberlake, Orlando Bloom, and most famously from the recent Australia dog-smuggling incident, Johnny Depp.

5. Yorkies May Have Been the inspiration for Toto in the Wizard of Oz

This fact will remain a point of contention among Cairn Terrier and Yorkshire Terrier fans alike. The original drawings in the first edition of L. Frank Baum’s book The Wonderful Wizard of Oz depict Toto as what some say seems to be a Yorkie. The assumption makes sense, considering the breed was popular at the time and that the illustrator W.W. Denslow owned one. We will never know for sure, but we are certain that in the movie, Toto is played by a Cairn Terrier.

6. One Yorkie is a War Hero.

In World War II, a Yorkie named Smoky is credited with saving the lives of soldiers by dragging a communications cable through an 8-inch-wide, 60-foot-long drainage culvert. She is also thought to be the world’s first therapy dog, visiting wounded soldiers in hospitals. Smoky was found by an American soldier in 1944 in a Papua New Guinea jungle, and when he brought the little dog back to the barracks, U.S. Army Corporal William Wynne took her under his wing. He later wrote a book about Smoky called Yorkie Doodle Dandy. There are six U.S.-based memorials honoring Smoky, including one in AKC’s Museum of the Dog, and one international memorial in Australia.