28/06/2020
AT WHAT AGE SHOULD BE 'BREAKING IN' OR 'STARTING' OUR HORSES?
interesting info re when a horse's bone structure is fully mature (or when the growth plates fuse), ready for full workload. Very relevant to the age we break in, and how hard we work our horses of different breeds........
Excerpts from 'Timing and Rate of Skeletal Maturation in Horses', 2005 By Deb Bennett, Ph.D
DO ALL HORSES OF ALL BREEDS MATURE SKELETALLY AT THE SAME TIME?
There is no such thing as an âearly maturingâ or âslow maturingâ breed of horse. No horse on earth, of any breed, at any time, is or has ever been mature before the age of six (plus or minus six months). So, for example, the Quarter Horse is not an âearly maturingâ breed â and neither is the Arabian a âslow maturingâ breed. As far as their skeletons go, they are the same.
WHEN IS A HORSE SKELETALLY MATURE?
There is a âgrowth plateâ on either end of every bone behind
the skull, and in the case of the pelvis, there are multiple growth plates. He is mature when all of these have converted to bone.
THE SCHEDULE OF GROWTH-PLATE TO BONE CONVERSION
The process of converting the growth plates to bone goes from the bottom of the animal up. Refer pic below.
Coffin bone - fused at birth
Short pastern â birth - 6 months.
Long pastern â 6 months - 1 year.
Cannon bone â 8 months - 1.5 years
Small bones of the knee â 1.5 - 2.5 years
Bottom of radius-ulna (elbow) â 2 - 2.5 years
Top of radius â 2.5 - 3 years
Humerus â 3 - 3.5 years
Scapula â 3.5 - 4 years
Hindlimb â lower portions same as forelimb
Hock â 4 years
Tibia â 3 - 3.5 years
Femur â 3.5 - 4 years
Vertebral column - at least 5.5 years. The taller the horse, the longer its neck, the later the last fusions will occur.
And for a male, add six months.
So, for example, a 17-hand Thoroughbred or Saddlebred or Warmblood gelding may not be fully mature until his 8th year.
AT WHAT AGE SHOULD I 'START' OR 'BREAK IN' MY HORSE?
You can work a horse very hard when he is mature, but if you don't want to significantly damage the animal, you have to wait until he is mature, at four to six years old, before asking him to carry you on his back.
You don't have to wait until all these growth plates have converted to bone, but the longer you wait, the safer you and your horse will be. Some breeds of horse, eg the Quarter Horse, look mature long before they actually are mature.
Traditionally, ''breaking in' would look something like:
2 years - introduce the horse to all kinds of equipment and situations
3 years - crawl on and off of him
4 years - saddle him & lead him off another horse
5 years - saddle him and start teaching him maneuvers or the basics of whatever job heâs going to do
6 years - heâs on the payroll
i encourage you to have a good read of Deb Bennett's entire paper.............................................