30/09/2024
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π Organophosphates are chemical compounds known widely for their use as insecticides. Whilst organophosphate poisoning is infrequent in Australia and New Zealand these days, animals exposed to these compounds can potentially develop severe or life-threatening poisoning. The most common organophosphate involved in animal exposures reported to the Animal Poisons Helpline is chlorpyrifos. Chlorpyrifos use is usually restricted to agricultural applications and not typically utilised for residential purposes.
When these products are accidentally ingested by pets, severe effects may occur. Early signs of poisoning can include vomiting, diarrhoea, significant drooling, pinpoint pupils and urinary incontinence. In severe cases, animals can develop changes to their heart rate, have difficulty breathing or develop neurological effects such as tremors, seizures, weakness and paralysis. As organophosphate insecticides are well absorbed across the skin, poisoning can also occur following skin or coat exposure.
To prevent poisoning, ensure that all pesticides are stored safely away from animals. Pets should be kept well away whilst these products are mixed and sprayed, and until treated areas are thoroughly dried. Always keep products in their original packaging so that they can be easily identified in the event of an inadvertent exposure. For animals exposed to these chemicals, early veterinary assessment is crucial. Many of these exposures do however occur in rural and remote areas where access to timely veterinary care can be limited. In these cases, the Animal Poisons Helpline can be particularly useful by rapidly assessing the exposure and providing phone advice.
The Animal Poisons Helpline provides free advice to pet owners in Australia and can be reached on βοΈ1300 869 738 (AU) or 0800 869 738 (NZ). If you are a member of a veterinary team in Australia or New Zealand, you can join the Animal Poisons Centre For Vets Facebook group which is regularly updated with toxicology tidbits and poisoning trends. We thank the Western Australian Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development for supporting this post.