02/11/2021
LAMINITIS and P3 Rotation
All everyone seems to understand about laminitis is that it is really bad and therefore the horse has P3 rotation.
Let's have a look at the diagram below and explain to you what the reason is that the P3 "rotation" occurs. If you cant understand the structure of the hoof, and many farriers and trimmers don't, most assume it is P3 rotation causing the issue. It is more than that!!!!
So LH diagram, Green Lines. (Assume Normal, even though it isn't, as the toe is too long)
- Distance between hoof wall and coffin bone (P3) is usually or ideally 12-15mm
- Thickness of sole, in a normal unshod horse, will have a sole thickness of 12-15mm
- The solar angle of the P3 is of a "positive nature" of usually 5-8 degrees above baseline.
- Passive quarters, seen by air present under the hoof from about apex of frog to the front of the bars.
- There is usually but not proof of a sound hoof, the old correlation of the hoof wall at same line of angle as the pastern if laying a rasp down the front of the hoof wall and fetlock
So RH diagram, Red Lines (Laminitic Hoof with P3 Rotation)
- The distance from the edges of the red lines to the bottom edges of the red lines widens closer to the ground
- This is due to an extended or months (usually 7 months for hoof growth cycle) of continuous laminitic episodes, only determined as severity by the lines externally on the hoof and the deformity of the hoof
- The laminar integrity is affected by a "toxin" and continually damages the strength and connection of the laminae. Causing the lamina connection to fail badly.
- At the same time the hoof will have the same accelerated growth at the heels as it does in the toe. WHY? It is an inflammatory response against pain and inflammation.
- With the combination of the lamina failure and the heels growing quickly we end up with "rotated P3".
- Heel growth is seen easily in the right x-ray
SO, can this be fixed and NOT have the animal put down? YES!!!
I'm not going to reveal all of the solutions for this except to say, in this x-ray, this horse has been suffering from acute and chronic recurrent episodes of laminitis unchecked and not had any attempt to rectify.
Immediate Actions:
1. Drop the heels closest to anatomical correctness as possible
2. Shorten the toe as far as able with anatomical knowledge of hoof and experience
3. Pain relief, preferably NOT Bute!!!
4. Encourage exercise, do not place or lock up in stalls
5. Regular trimming by experienced rehabilitative trimmer
6. Assess and change or restrict diet as required (NO one treatment of diet in this case will work for every horse. The horse, trimmer and owner and a vet needs to be talking on same page and working to change, alter, restrict the diet that this horse is on to enable the continual subtle or aggressive episodes of inflammatory laminitis from occurring).
I specialize in the rehabilitation of these types of cases and not very often do I see a horse that is NOT affected by some form of inflammatory laminitic response.
A simple way to think about the bond of the coffin bone (P3) and the hoof wall is like Velcro. Un-ironed the velcro is strong. The inflammatory "toxic" response of the hoof commences at the coronet. The laminar (velcro) is damaged, similar to ironing the velcro, it no longer sticks. IF, this is a one off, no damage except some lameness occurs. If this occurs for a whole hoof growth cycle or longer, the entire stability and function of the hoof is compromised to where the P3 sinks, can punch through soles and then have major functional and rehabilitative difficulties.
NO horse should be put down for having laminitis, OR be recurrently having laminitis if the trimmer or farrier knows what to look for to indicate this before the P3 rotates.
In most cases in a case above, as soon as the heels are dropped and the toe dumped and a little analgesia, the horse will immediately have relief and begin the healing process.
Contact us for assistance in cases of laminitis, and happy to assist in the treatment and management of these horses to get them back to what we want and that is able to ride them.
Remember SOUND HOOVES....SOUND HORSES!!