20/05/2025
This beautiful girl is Rose. Rose presented at the practice last month with GDV (gastric dilatation and volvulus), commonly known as ‘bloat’. This life-threatening condition is a surgical emergency, and can prove fatal for many patients.
GDV occurs when the stomach fills up with air, then twists around its axis, preventing exit of gas and compromising blood supply to the stomach and often the spleen. Left untreated, this can progress to circulatory collapse, shock, sepsis and death.
GDV mostly commonly occurs in giant or large deep-chested dog breeds due to their anatomy; middle-aged to older dogs; and those that have been exercised too soon after eating. However, it can occur in any patient. Symptoms of GDV normally include panting, restlessness, bloating/swelling of the abdomen, and repeated retching with non-productive attempts to vomit. In later stages, pale/blue gums, cold body temperature and collapse occur.
Initial treatment involves an intravenous fluid drip to support circulation and blood flow, passing of a stomach tube to drain excess gas and stomach fluid and relieve pressure, and further stabilisation prior to surgery (including managing any associated problems such as heart arrhythmias).
During surgery, the stomach is rotated and placed back into its normal anatomical position and assessed for damage - sometimes sections of the stomach wall have to be removed if they have been compromised by loss of blood flow. The spleen, due to its position beside the stomach, is often involved in the twist, so can have to be removed if it is also damaged. After all this, a procedure called a gastropexy is performed - this involves surgically attaching part of the stomach to the abdominal body wall, to decrease the risk of a twist happening again in the future.
Patients remain critical for hours and days after their surgery, and ongoing fluid support, pain medication, and intensive monitoring is needed.
In Rose’s case, in additional to correction of the GDV and gastropexy, her late-night surgery involved the removal of her spleen, as its major blood vessels had been severely damaged by the degree of stretch and strain caused by her distended stomach.
After a lot of emotional stress for her devoted family and our staff, Rose recovered wonderfully after her emergency surgery, and has been back to see us since, to keep us updated with her progress. She is always delighted by the love and cuddles she gets on her visits, which she rightly deserves.
Whilst Rose’s story has a happy ending, many other dogs may not be so lucky. Please be vigilant as to the dangers of GDV, especially if you own a high-risk breed. If you are concerned that a pet may be showing signs of bloat, please contact us or our out-of-hours provider immediately.