05/11/2024
āš“VETTINGS!! š“āCredit to and written by...
https://www.facebook.com/southcoastequinevets
*** PRE PURCHASE EXAMINATIONS ***
I posted this back in December 2020, but thought it was time for a refresher on āvettingsā!
More usually known as āvettingsā, pre-purchase examinations (PPEs) can be the bane of the buyer, the seller, and the vet! So what are we looking for on the day, and should you have a PPE on a horse you are purchasing?
A few weeks ago, there was a post about PPEs on a social media page. One particularly nasty comment, prompted me to write this post. The person stated that āvets should keep their opinions to themselves.ā Actually, a PPE is exactly that; our OPINION on whether the horse is suitable for its intended job, based on our findings on the day. So if this lovely lady didnāt want a vetās opinion, there would be little point in her bothering with a vetting.
So what do we look for at a PPE?
There are two options for PPEs. A FIVE STAGE (not 5 star, as it is often incorrectly termed!) is the gold standard. This is my recommendation for ANY ridden horse being purchased. The lower standard two stage PPE, should really be reserved for unbacked youngsters.
The five stage means that we get to see the horse ridden, and normally lunged, and can therefore pick up low grade lamenesses that may not be apparent when the horse trots in a straight line. We can pick up lots of issues that may not be obvious until we see the horse ridden (head shaking, respiratory issues/noises, going disunited in canter, lameness on circles. The list goes on).
Buying your new horse is the inexpensive part, compared to what you will subsequently spend on him/her, so I really do advise paying that little bit extra for the full five stage vetting.
Following ridden exercise, we then put the horse away in the stable whilst we take bloods/write notes etc. This gives us a chance to observe behavioural issues such as weaving and box walking, and more importantly, gives the horses a chance to stiffen up if he has any orthopaedic issues that worsen following exercise and rest. We then bring the horse back out again and watch him trot up. I will then repeat any flexion tests that were borderline when I did them initially.
Love them or hate them, flexion tests are part of PPEs. They have always been a part of PPEs as long as Iāve been around horses, and at the moment, they are here to stay. I donāt attempt to flex legs so hard that they almost snap off, and I interpret flexion tests depending on what Iām vetting the horse for, the horseās age, and whether any mildly positive flexions are equally positive on the other limb. If a 15 year old event horse, being bought for low level (BE 90/100) is mildly positive to both hindlimb flexions, for example, I wouldnāt be overly worried. I would of course discuss this with the potential purchaser, but I wouldnāt be too concerned. Likewise, if a 6 year old competition horse flexed positive on any limb, Iād be questioning the future soundness of that horse. Itās horses for courses.
When we vet a horse, we are there to pick up EVERY issue that we can find. We then have a discussion with the potential purchaser about whether these issues are likely to affect the intended use of the horse, the ability to insure the horses, and the viability to sell the horse on if he/she proves unsuitable for the new owner.
I also will take note of any undesirable behaviour throughout the PPE. I will talk to my client about this either during (ideally) the PPE, or afterwards, if they havenāt been able to attend. Yes, it is ultimately up to the client to decide on whether the horseās temperament and behaviour is manageable for them, but it would be negligent of me not to mention it. And in my opinion, behaviour can render a horse or pony unsuitable for the job they are being vetted for. For example, if my client is looking for a pony club pony for a novice child, and that pony goes to kick me for any reason, I will highlight that with the client. Likewise, if a horse being vetted as a 1.30m jumper does the same, it would be mentioned, but would in no way render the horse unsuitable for purchase. If my client is inexperienced, and looking at an Advanced dressage horse to go straight out on, and the horse spent half of the ridden assessment spooking and evading the bit, Iād probably suggest that was not a suitable horse for an amateur young girl. The purchaser of course makes the final decision, but the vet should highlight any concerning behaviour.
I used to buy and sell horses a lot, from the age of 8 years old, so experienced many vettings. If I was buying a horse, Iād always try and get the incredible Jeremy Mantel to vet them for me. One occasion really sticks out, and I was probably only about 11 or 12. I rode the horse that I was hoping to buy, for the PPE. The horse stood bolt upright with me several times, when I asked him to walk from the lorry towards the arena. End of vetting.
So why bother getting a horse vetted? Youāve tried the horse 10 times, taken several āexpertsā with you to view the horse, and youāve had horses all of your life. You donāt need some vet, half your age, telling you things you already know.
Granted, āhorse peopleā are generally on the ball when it comes to lumps and bumps, and often soundness. But firstly it can be intimidating/tricky in front of the person selling the horse, if you start prodding and poking various parts. No vendor would be prepared to allow anyone other than a vet to perform flexion tests. You wonāt be able to look at the eyes or listen to the heart. You may not have noticed that little sarcoid up by the sheath. You are very likely going to need a PPE certificate if you want to insure the horse. You canāt listen to the heart. You canāt take bloods. The cost of a PPE will be extremely insignificant compared to the cost of finding out the horse is blind in one eye/has sarcoids/has a heart murmur once youāve bought him.
You should be working as a team with your vet. I will always ask my client whether theyāve picked up on anything so far, so that we can have an even more careful look at that on the day of the PPE. Itās really useful to know if the client already has any concerns, as that will help with the 2 hour window that we have to inspect the horse.
I always push for bloods to be taken at any PPE (2 or 5 stage), and itās actually included in the price of my 5 stage, to make it compulsory. These bloods are sent off for storage, and can be tested for various medications if the horse subsequently goes lame/becomes unrideable, and you suspect that the vendor may have given them āBute etc to mask a lameness. The bloods are stored for 6 months, so there is ample time to decide if you want to run them, should something go wrong. To some extent, this protects the vendor as much as it does the purchaser.
This is a huge topic to cover, and I think Iāve probably waffled on enough!
In summary, a horse is vetted to see if anything that the vet finds, may prevent him from doing the job that the purchaser wants him to do. We list our findings, and then decide if these findings may prejudice the horseās use for the intended job, as written on the certificate itself, āin my opinion, on the balance of probabilitiesā.
Please feel free to share!
Equine Veterinary practice, covering Hampshire, and parts of Surrey and West Sussex