24/06/2022
Vaccines & Vaccination- Yes we all are very familiar with these two words isn't it ??
Proper Vaccination of your furry friend is very important as it deals with immunity.
Today Pets Heaven Exclusive will share with you a detailed information about Vaccines and Why is it important?
Why Vaccines are important??
Vaccines help prepare a dog's immune system to defend itself from any invasion of disease-causing organisms. Vaccines contain antigens, which mimic disease-causing organisms in a dog's immune system, but don't actually cause disease.
Vaccinations help prevent contagious and sometimes fatal diseases. Some are mandatory, while others are recommended. It’s crucial you make sure you have the right vaccination schedule in place for your new puppy.
Core Vaccines for Canine -
Distemper: This can take several forms, which often makes diagnosis difficult. In general it can cause high temperature, respiratory problems (rhinitis or bronchial pneumonia), digestive problems (gastroenteritis), ocular, cutaneous or nervous problems, and may often be fatal.
Canine hepatitis: The symptoms range from slight fever and congestion of the mucosa membrane to vomiting, jaundice, stomach enlargement, depression, reduction of white blood cells, pain in the liver and severe hepititis.
Canine parvovirus disease: Parvovirus is highly contagious and attacks the gastrointestinal system, creates loss of appetite, vomiting, fever and often severe, bloody diarrhoea. Extreme dehydration can come on rapidly and can be fatal within 48 - 72 hours.
Leptospirosis: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease which comes from bacteria transmitted by rodent urine, and can be transmitted to humans and certain animals. For dogs, symptoms include fever, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, loss of appetite, severe weakness and lethargy, stiffness, jaundice, muscle pain, infertility and kidney failure (with or without liver failure).
Recommended Vaccines for Canine
The recommended vaccinations include:
Rabies: A fatal disease for dogs and for humans. Usually characterised by a swaying gait, painful neck, excessive salivation and, in some cases, convulsions of the facial muscles. Unusually aggressive behaviour is often seen, as is biting without letting go.
Kennel cough: This is a disease caught by dogs in contact with other dogs, in kennels and dog shows for example. It causes severe coughing which can be more or less serious depending on the age and the general health condition of the dog.
Vaccination Chart for Canine :
The recommended vaccinations include:
Rabies: A fatal disease for dogs and for humans. Usually characterised by a swaying gait, painful neck, excessive salivation and, in some cases, convulsions of the facial muscles. Unusually aggressive behaviour is often seen, as is biting without letting go.
Kennel cough: This is a disease caught by dogs in contact with other dogs, in kennels and dog shows for example. It causes severe coughing which can be more or less serious depending on the age and the general health condition of the dog.
Your puppy must be given annual boosters to ensure they are adequately vaccinated. Every year they should have the following boosters:
Distemper
Infectious hepatitis
Parvovirus
Rabies
What should you do after your puppy's had their injections?
It’s important that you keep your puppy well rested after their injections as their immune system will be working harder than normal.
If you feel they’re not back to their normal selves within 24 hours, contact your vet for advice.
It’s crucial you make sure you have the right vaccination schedule in place for your new puppy, as dog vaccination is one of the most important preventative healthcare measures you can take. As soon as you bring your new puppy home, it's vital that you speak to your vet and to ensure they have the right vaccinations at the right time.
Now let's have a look over feline ,
Mandatory Cat Vaccines are as follows s-
Core vaccines are those recommended for all cats, no matter where they live or under what conditions.
The four mandatory vaccines for cats are:
Rabies
FVRCP:
Feline Rhinotracheitis Virus/Herpesvirus 1 (FVR/FHV-1)
Feline Calicivirus (FCV)
Feline Panleukopenia (FPV)
These diseases are highly infectious and found worldwide. They are highly dangerous to young cats, and the vaccines are considered highly protective with minimal risk. This is why all cats should receive these core vaccines.
Rabies Vaccine:
Rabies is significant not only for its effect on the cat but because it is a disease that is transmissible and fatal to humans.
While cats are not natural carriers for the disease, they can be infected by a bite from any infected mammal and then pass it on to others. After an incubation stage averaging two months, clinical signs of aggression, disorientation and death rapidly progress.
Rabies is endemic worldwide, and the vaccine is recommended for all pet cats.
While the rabies vaccine is not listed as a core vaccine by the AAFP guidelines, it is required by law in most regions. Rabies is a zoonotic disease (it can be transmitted from animals to humans), so it is a public safety issue to keep your cat up to date on their rabies vaccine.
FVRCP Vaccine for Cats
The other three core vaccines are combined into a single three-in-one vaccine called the FVRCP vaccine. This allows veterinarians to efficiently administer the vaccines all at once, instead of having to inject a cat three separate times in one visit.
FPV Vaccine
Feline panleukopenia, also known as feline parvovirus, is a highly infectious disease with a high mortality rate in kittens.
While the disease usually starts with decreased energy and low appetite, it progresses to vomiting and diarrhea. The virus also kills off the white blood cells, leaving the young cats even more susceptible to secondary infections.
FHV-1 Vaccine
Feline herpesvirus, also known as feline rhinotracheitis virus, causes severe signs of upper respiratory infection.
Some symptoms you can expect to see include sneezing, nasal congestion and discharge, and conjunctivitis. In some cases, it also causes oral ulceration and pneumonia.
After the cat recovers from the initial infection, the virus enters a latency period in the nerves. During times of stress, the virus can reactivate, and the cat can start to show signs of infection again—even if they have not been reexposed to the disease.
FCV Vaccine
Feline calicivirus encompasses a number of viral strains that cause signs of upper respiratory infection, such as sneezing and nasal discharge as well as oral ulcerations.
Frequency of Vaccinations
Kittens under 6 months of age are most susceptible to infectious diseases, so they are considered a primary focus of vaccination recommendations.
Maternal antibodies passed on from the mother are meant to confer some degree of protection against diseases, but they also interfere with, or even inactivate, the body’s response to vaccination.
For this reason, initial core kitten vaccinations occur at three- to four-week intervals until the cat is 16-20 weeks old and maternal antibodies are out of the system.
For any cat over 16 weeks old whose vaccine history is unknown, the initial series consists of two doses given three to four weeks apart.
Core vaccines should be boosted one year after the initial series.
The scientific community is still learning exactly how long these vaccines last. Currently, the recommendation for indoor/outdoor cats is to administer the FVRCP vaccine annually.
For indoor-only cats, the recommendation is to administer the vaccine every three years. Cats heading into stressful situations, such as boarding, may benefit from a core vaccine booster 7-10 days before.
Hence , here is a detailed information about Canine & Feline Vaccines .
In case of any queries or any help , Please Contact Pets Heaven Exclusive.
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