17/06/2020
■■■ Fasciolosis/Fascioliasis:::
also called liver fluke disease,
■■■ Etiology :::
Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica is responsible
■■■ Epidemiology:::
Affect all domestic animals, most wild life and man, worldwide problem, usually occur in summer and autumn.
■■■ Clinical findings :::
1. Acute form
● Sudden death in sheep may occur
● Dullness, weakness , inappetence
● Pale mucosae
● Painful and distended belly (Ascites)
● Death occurs in 2-3 weeks and may be accompanied by blood stained frothy discharges from nostrils and a**s.
2. Chronic form (Common)
● Submandibular edema (bottle jaw)
● Pale mucosae
● Wt. loss
● Loss of wool in sheep
● Loss of stamina
■■■ Diagnosis:::
● On the basis of clinical signs
● Liver function test (ALT, AST)
● F***l examination for eggs (operculated, yellow brown ) in chronic fasciolosis.
■■■ Treatment:::
●Triclabendazole (drug of choice) @ 10-12 mg/kg, PO or
● Oxyclosanide (active against adult flukes only) @10-15 mg/kg, PO or
● Closantel (embryotoxic) @ 10 mg/Kg, PO or
● Clorsulon (more active against adult) @ 2 mg/Kg, SC or
● Albendazole (Adult flukes) @ 7.5 mg/Kg, PO
● Supportive therapy like mineral mixture, multi-vitamins, and fluids
■■■ Control and prevention
● Prophylactic anthelmintic may be administered
● Avoid grazing in contaminated pasture
● Chemical (Copper sulphate spraying) and biological (ducks) snail control.
CuSO4 is toxic therefore grazing on the pasture is avoided for 6 weeks.