Clinica Veterinaria- Alfredo Fachada

02/07/2024

25/06/2024

Origem da palavra VETERINÁRIO

A palavra "veterinário" tem origem em latim. Na Roma antiga, cavalos usados no exército (feras de carga) que eram muito velhos eram recolhidos em um lugar onde podiam desfrutar e descansar. Estes animais foram chamados de "veterinus".
As pessoas que cuidavam destes animais chamavam-se VETERINARII (veterinarius), que era um derivado da palavra VETUS/VETERIS, "velho", devido a isto a profissão de cuidado com animais passou a ser chamada assim.
259 anos de criação da primeira escola de medicina veterinária, as duas primeiras escolas de veterinária, Lyon, em 4 de agosto de 1761, e a École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort (Paris), foram criadas pelo francês Claude Bourgelat, advogado e amante de cavalos, que não aceitava a ineficácia no tratamento empírico em seus cavalos de raça, e usou sua influência para convencer o rei Luis XV a criar a Escola de Veterinária de Lyon, que começou a funcionar em 1762, com seus alunos recrutados no meio de ferradores, especialistas em cuidar dos capacetes dos cavalos, sendo a ferradura um dos temas estudados.
O segundo país foi a Áustria, em 1768, seguido da Itália, em 1769, Dinamarca, em 1773, Suécia, em 1775, Alemanha, em 1778, Hungria, em 1781, Inglaterra, em 1791 e Espanha em 1792. No final do século XVIII, havia 19 escolas de medicina veterinária em toda a Europa.
Os primeiros veterinários reconhecidos oficialmente se formaram nas grandes escolas de veterinária fundadas entre 1762 e 1821, como o Royal Veterinary College, em 1791 em Londres, e a escola de Lyon se tornou um símbolo da modernidade.
Fonte: Dr. Oscar Brogna.
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18/06/2024

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03/06/2024

Anisakiasis

Causal Agents
Anisakiasis is caused by the ingestion of larvae of several species of ascaridoid nematodes (roundworms), which are sometimes called “herringworm”, “codworm”, or “sealworm”, in undercooked marine fish. Known human-infecting anisakid species include members of the Anisakis simplex complex [A. simplex sensu stricto, A. pegreffii, A. berlandi (=A. simplex C)], the Pseudoterranova decipiens complex (P. decipiens sensu stricto, P. azarasi, P. cattani, and others), and the Contracecum osculatum complex. Recent genetic studies have revealed high diversity within these anisakid groups, suggesting additional cryptic species are likely represented in zoonotic infections.

Life Cycle:

Adult stages of anisakid nematodes reside in the stomach of marine mammals, where they are embedded in the mucosa in clusters. Unembryonated eggs produced by adult females are passed in the f***s of marine mammals image . The eggs become embryonated in water, undergoing two developmental molts image , and hatch from the eggs as free-swimming ensheathed third-stage (L3) larvae image . These free-swimming larvae are then ingested by crustaceans image . The ingested larvae grow within the crustacean hemocoel, and become infective to fish and cephalopod paratenic hosts. After preying upon infected crustaceans, the digested L3 larvae migrate from the paratenic host intestine into the abdominal cavity, and eventually to the tissues of the mesenteries and skeletal muscle. Through predation, tissue-stage L3 larvae can be transmitted among paratenic hosts image . Fish and squid maintain L3 larvae that are infective to humans and marine mammals image .

When fish or squid containing third-stage larvae are ingested by definitive host marine mammals, the larvae molt twice and develop into adult worms image . After ingestion by humans, the anisakid larvae pe*****te the gastric and intestinal mucosa, causing the symptoms of anisakiasis image .

Hosts
Definitive hosts include several cetacean species for Anisakis simplex sensu lato, and pinnipeds for Pseudoterranova decipiens sensu lato. The bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus) and gray seal (Halichoerus grypus) are known definitive hosts for Contracecum osculatum complex. Human-infecting anisakid species are found in a wide variety of marine fish intermediate and paratenic hosts, but are most common in predatory species such as herring, cod, mackerel, and sculpin.

Geographic Distribution
Anisakiasis occurs worldwide due to the global trade of seafood, though the causative agents vary in geographic occurrence in their natural hosts. Anisakis simplex complex members occur in broadly both deep sea and coastal environments in the Atlantic Basin, Pacific Ocean, and Alaskan coast (A. simplex sensu stricto); A. pegreffii occurs in the Southern hemisphere. The Pseudoterranova decipiens complex is generally more geographically restricted than Anisakis spp., occurring in cold-water coastal environments such as the Northern Atlantic, the Arctic and South (Antarctic) Oceans, Japan, and off the southern coast of Chile. Contracecum osculatum complex species also occur in these colder regions.

Incidence of human infections is highest in areas where raw fish dishes (e.g. sashimi, ceviche, pickled/marinated fish) are popular. It is particularly common in Japan, the Pacific coast of South America, and parts of Northern Europe.

Clinical Presentation
Anisakiasis involves acute abdominal symptoms, usually within hours after ingestion of larvae. This nonspecific abdominal distress can be mistaken for other conditions such as peptic ulcers, food poisoning, and appendicitis. Occasionally, the larvae are coughed up. If the larvae pass into the bowel, a severe eosinophilic granulomatous response may also occur 1 to 2 weeks following infection, causing symptoms mimicking Crohn’s disease, and rarely, intestinal perforation can occur. Rare cases of ectopic infection are known, in sites such as the peritoneal cavity, mesentery, esophagus, and tongue.

Most infections are self-limiting as larvae are unable to survive for long periods in the human host, but the associated tissue damage can cause longer lasting symptoms. Antigens that remain in the fish muscle after the larvae are killed (e.g. after freezing) can cause allergic reactions in some individuals.

DPDx is an educational resource designed for health professionals and laboratory scientists. For an overview including prevention, control, and treatment visit www.cdc.gov/parasites/.

29/05/2024

29/05/2024

27/05/2024

❗ It's tick season! Protect your furry friends by regularly checking for ticks, especially in hidden spots like ears and between toes. Ticks can carry harmful diseases that affect both pets and humans. Use preventive treatments and keep your pets safe and healthy.

Thank you for sharing these photos with us!

18/05/2024

Parabens Dra. Sara....
Haja saude!

15/05/2024

To TOBY (one in a fricking million)

Just this side of heaven is a place called Rainbow Bridge.

When an animal dies that has been especially close to someone here, that pet goes to Rainbow Bridge. There are meadows and hills for all of our special friends so they can run and play together. There is plenty of food, water and sunshine, and our friends are warm and comfortable.

All the animals who had been ill and old are restored to health and vigor. Those who were hurt or maimed are made whole and strong again, just as we remember them in our dreams of days and times gone by. The animals are happy and content, except for one small thing; they each miss someone very special to them, who had to be left behind.

They all run and play together, but the day comes when one suddenly stops and looks into the distance. His bright eyes are intent. His eager body quivers. Suddenly he begins to run from the group, flying over the green grass, his legs carrying him faster and faster.

You have been spotted, and when you and your special friend finally meet, you cling together in joyous reunion, never to be parted again. The happy kisses rain upon your face; your hands again caress the beloved head, and you look once more into the trusting eyes of your pet, so long gone from your life but never absent from your heart.

Then you cross Rainbow Bridge together….

15/05/2024

12/04/2024

05/04/2024

01/04/2024

MY DOG NAMED S*X

Usually, everyone who has a dog either calls him Rover, Ranger, Rambo or such other striking names. I called mine S*X. Well, S*X is a very embarrassing name as I later found out.

One day, I took S*X for a walk and he ran away from me. I spent hours looking for the dog. Then a policeman came and asked me what I was doing in an alley at 4 o’clock in the morning. I said, “I’m looking for S*X.” The next thing I knew, I was already in jail on charges of vagrancy and s*xual perversion.

Another day, I went to the City Hall to get a dog license for S*X. The clerk asked me what I wanted. I told him I wanted a license for S*X. He said he would like one too if it was possible. When I said, “But this is a dog!” he said he didn’t care what she looked like. Then I said, “You don’t understand. I’ve had S*X since I was two years old.” He replied, “Oh yeah? You must have been a very strong baby boy.”

When I decided to get married, I told the priest that I wanted to have S*X at the wedding. He told me to wait until after the ceremony. I said, “But S*X has played a big part in my life and my whole lifestyle revolves around S*X.” At this point the priest got very angry. He said he didn’t want to hear about my personal life and he would not marry us in his church. I told him that everyone attending the wedding would enjoy having S*X there. He then threw me and my bride and our families out of the church and we were married by the City Mayor the next day.

My wife and I took the dog along with us on our honeymoon. When we checked into a motel, I told the receptionist that I wanted a room for my wife and myself and a special room for S*X. She said that every room in the motel was for s*x. Then I said, “You don’t understand, S*X keeps me awake all night.” And she said, “Me too.”

When my wife and I separated, we went to court to fight custody of the dog. I said, “Your Honor, I had S*X before I got married to this woman.” And the judge said, “Oh, I had s*x before marriage too.”

Well, now that I’ve been thrown to jail, been separated, and had more damn trouble with that dog that I had ever bargained for, life was never the same again for me. Seeking counsel for all my troubles, I went to a psychiatrist and she said, “What seems to be the problem?” I replied, “Well, S*X has died and left my life. It’s like losing a best friend and it’s so lonely.” The psychiatrist looked at me and said, “Hey, mister, you and I know that s*x isn’t a man’s best friend… so go get yourself a dog.”

23/03/2024

23/03/2024

20/03/2024

It’s also recommended to stock up on NSAIDs, as these can greatly help in reducing discomfort and improving mobility on senior dogs. However, remember to only

14/02/2024

Happy Valentine's Day ❤️

image by Jim Hunt Illustration

12/02/2024