07/15/2024
July 15th is Feline Leukemia Day. This day was established in hopes of raising awareness about the deadly feline leukemia disease and the importance of getting your pet vaccinated. Below is some brief information about Feline Leukemia.
What is Feline Leukemia?
FeLV is a retrovirus (in the same family as Feline Immunodeficiency Virus or FIV) present in approximately 2-3% of all cats in the United States. FeLV invades and replicates in cells of the catβs immune system and tissues that create blood cells. Low white blood cells are a sign of a weakened immune system, and illnesses acquired from this virus are typically related to a weakened immune system. Retroviruses are species-specific, so feline leukemia can only be passed from cat to cat. There is no risk of human infection.
How is Feline Leukemia Contracted?
FeLV spreads through the saliva, nasal secretions, f***s, urine, and milk of infected cats. Casual contact, bite wounds, and nursing can all transmit the infection.
What are the symptoms of Feline Leukemia?
Loss of appetite
Weight loss
Poor coat condition
Persistent fever
Inflammation of the gums and mouth
Skin, urinary, and upper respiratory tract infections
Persistent diarrhea
Seizures, behavior changes, and other neurological disorders
A variety of eye conditions
Cats infected with FeLV may not show signs immediately. Over time, however, the virus can lead to various health problems, including anemia, weight loss, poor coat condition, and a weakened immune system. FeLV-infected cats are also more prone to developing certain types of cancer.
How can Feline Leukemia be prevented?
Vaccines are available to protect cats against FeLV infection. Their use is highly recommended for any adult cat that goes outside at any time and therefore could have contact with FeLV-infected cats. Vaccination is also recommended for all kittens, regardless of lifestyle, because kittens are highly susceptible to infection. As with other vaccines, an initial course of two injections is required, and regular boosters are necessary to maintain immunity. All cats should be tested for FeLV prior to vaccination. Although vaccination is very helpful in preventing infection with FeLV and therefore controlling FeLV-related disease, no vaccine is 100% protective. Do not allow your cat to roam. When possible, do not allow your cat, particularly as a kitten, to come into close contact with known FeLV-infected cats or cats without a known history of proper vaccinations.
The prognosis for cats with FeLV varies. Some cats may live for many years without showing severe signs, while others may succumb to the illness more quickly. Early detection and appropriate management can help improve a catβs quality of life. If your pet has any of the above symptoms, please give us a call. Especially if your pet hasn't been tested or vaccinated against FeLV.