The foundation of animal learning is based around Operant and Classical Conditioning (Yes, very much like the theories of Pavlov and B.F Skinner.) We base training on reinforcing behaviors based on scientific based learning theories. By using Reward- Based methods, we are encouraging our friends to offer more of the behaviors we would like to see more often. A theory known as “The Premack Principl
e,” researched by Professor David Premack states a more probable behavior will reinforce a less probable behavior. If our dog immediately chooses to run to the fence in order to greet the dog next door, we can teach alternative behaviors. We can allow him to go to the fence, BUT he must do that less probable behavior first. In this case, it may be coming to you for a “check in”, followed by your release to head over to the fence. By using Reward-Based methods, we are setting our dogs up for success by reinforcing the desired behaviors rather than correct the unwanted behaviors. Similarly to people, we repeat behaviors that create a positive outcome to us. For example, if we go to a casino and we win a few dollars on the slot machine we have reinforced ourselves. We continue playing in hopes to hear that winning “ding.” Sadly, the outcome of this scenario could be loss of money. However, a “ding” for dogs (or any animal) would be the reinforcing sound that drives the behavior. We have the option to present a tug on the leash if our dog is pulling, which only teaches him what we do not want. Would a child struggling to read benefit more from a lolly pop at the end of a successful read or the pressure of more forced reading? Another option for Scruffy is to use a “clicker,” which would reinforce his walking nicely by our side. Scruffy has now learned when he hears a “clicker,” he is rewarded with a tasty treat. While we will fade treats for established behaviors, it is important we use them in the beginning to strengthen a behavior. Now, he continues to offer this behavior and has now reinforced it. When a behavior is practiced it is automatically reinforced, good or bad. Based on the scientific research of today, we are able to understand how to communicate with our dogs better than ever simply by using Force-Free Training.
