07/06/2023
Recent progress in EV research has provided evidence that EVs from a variety of cell sources can stimulate the proliferation, differentiation, and rejuvenation of cells from musculoskeletal lineages including osteocytes, myocytes, chondrocytes, tenocytes, and fibroblasts in vitro. Subsequent in vivo studies have demonstrated that EVs enhance the repair and regeneration of bone, skeletal muscle, and cartilage in rodent models. The therapeutic use of EVs for musculoskeletal regeneration in veterinary companion animal species is still an emerging area of research. The limited work in this area to date has provided evidence of safety; however, well-designed prospective studies evaluating larger numbers of animals will be required to fully evaluate the clinical efficacy of EV therapeutics. To translate EV therapeutics to the clinic, strategies to scale up EV production, standardize isolation and purification methods, and store EVs long term are a current area of research requiring more investigation. Finally, the ability to modify EVs for the development of customized and personalized therapeutics makes EVs a promising tool for future veterinary use, especially as precision medicine initiatives become more widespread in veterinary medicine.
In recent years, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as prominent mediators of the homeostasis, repair, and regeneration of musculoskeletal tissues including bone, skeletal muscle, and cartilage. Accordingly, the therapeutic potential of EVs for regenerative medicine applications has not gone....