11/24/2023
As winter finally starts emerging here in Southern Colorado, I thought I'd share a checklist for severe weather changes. Domesticated horses, while incredibly good at surviving tough weather and cold temperatures, do benefit from our support. I've found these things time and time again to help my herd feel their best, even when I wish I had a few more layers.
✨ Constant access to quality forage, and by that I mean hay. Equine hind guts are excellent at taking forage, fermenting it, and creating heat! The standard rule is 1.6-3.2% of their body weight daily. The colder it is, the closer to the high end of that measurement. Think of your horse's belly as a furnace that needs fuel to keep going in the cold. I use slow feeding hay nets that allow them to have access to feed 24/7, and supplement with loose hay if needed.
✨Clean water. This may sound like a no brainer, but let me explain. When horses are consuming more forage, often they need similar increases in water. If your horse is being forced to consume dirty water, and understandably chooses not to drink, the risk of impaction colic can go up. And after 30 years of horse ownership, preventable emergencies and rough weather are my version of a waking nightmare. While it takes more effort from me, I use water troughs that can be regularly cleaned, refilled and checked for drinking levels rather than automatic waterers. If your horse is not a great drinker, consider adding salt to their feed to increase their drinking desire.
✨ Shelter. Now my herd live mostly outdoors, meaning no stalls. I do provide 3 sided shelters for them to get out of the wind and elements. When building the structures, I made sure to build according to the wind patterns in our area. This allows complete "dead zones" from the weather, even though they are 3 sided! Most often you'll see everyone hanging out outside, regardless of weather, but for those strong blizzards they make a difference. Here in Southern Colorado, I've often seen a dense thicket of trees be just as effective, but being on a treeless property, I had to plan accordingly.
✨As healthy body condition as possible prior to winter. The horses most at risk with severe weather are those that are already compromised. Think old, sick, or very young horses. A compromised system will struggle that much harder with temperature changes, precipitation and wind. Preparing for winter for me starts in the late Summer, and I'm verifying body condition and needs long before the first snowflake flies. Each horse is an individual, so make sure you have back up plans in place for each animal.
✨Clean, waterproof, well fitting blankets. Each horse on my property has their own blanket. I generally find, here, that they maintain excellent body heat with just a waterproof thin sheet. Horses, even healthy ones, can start to struggle if their protective thermal bubble created by their coat becomes soaked, like with freezing rain. With compromised horses, the need for blanketing is much higher. The key with blankets is to find the right balance of warm and dry, but not sweaty.
✨ Clean paddocks and run in shelters. Before snow starts hitting the ground I am tidying up all areas frequently. This helps in a few ways, it gives me less to do do when the snow melts, and reduces the amount of heavy wet manure I am cleaning. Clean shelters also give your horse a space they can rest comfortably in (hello sleep requirements) without resisting, due to manure.
✨No sudden changes to diet, exercise, or herd management if possible. Horses are incredibly, frustratingly, fragile in the wrong circumstances. Make changes slowly if possible, do not push your horse outside of what had been "normal". Now is a good time of year to catch up with your own education in theory, not that flying lead change you couldn't get all summer.
✨ Supplies to I like to have on hand are:
* Vegetable cooking spray for the bottom of their feet to prevent snow sticking
* Hot water kettle for adding warm water to grain to make soupy mash.
* Fully stocked veterinary kit.
* Blanket replacement parts, like leg straps or extra clips.
* The will to slog through each blizzard knowing Spring will come back at some point (kidding, not kidding)
Horse ownership comes with a plethora of challenges, and weather can be on the higher end if you are responsible for their care. Ask for help if you need it, be patient with your horse, and yourself. Horses give us a gift of following the seasons, so don't feel guilty if that means slowing down!