09/03/2024
Effective Dog Training: How To Reinforce Positive Behavior and Avoid Common Mistakes.
The simplest approach to dog training is to reward behaviors you want to encourage and either ignore or intervene in behaviors you want to stop. However, many of my clients unintentionally do the opposite. They often struggle to communicate in a way that is meaningful to their dog. Talking to and touching a dog is always a reward from the dog’s perspective. Unfortunately, most owners fail to reinforce good behavior with praise and affection, but they do provide attention—albeit negative—when the dog misbehaves. This inadvertently reinforces the very behavior they want to discourage.
Let's take, for example, a dog that jumps on its owner in excitement when they come home. Almost every owner I encounter with this issue responds the same way. The dog jumps up, and the owner says, “Oh, Fluffy,” pets the dog, and then pushes it off (which is perceived as a reward). Once the dog is back on the ground, the owner ignores it, thinking this is a form of punishment. However, this doesn’t correct the jumping behavior and the dog thinks your are ignoring it because it's not jumping on you. The goal should be to train the dog to greet people with all four paws on the floor. When teaching a new behavior, the reward must be immediate. So, the interaction should look like this: If the dog jumps, use your knee to gently push it off while saying “off.” The moment all four paws are on the ground, immediately reward the dog by saying, “Yes, good dog,” and then pet it. If the dog starts to jump again, stop petting, and repeat the process.
Training your dog to behave properly is a more enjoyable experience for both you and your dog compared to constantly scolding it. Imagine starting a new job where your boss provides no job description or training. You’re told that if you make a mistake, someone will yell at you, but they won’t clearly identify what the mistake was, leaving you to figure it out on your own. Sounds stressful, right? Yet, this is how many clients interact with their dogs before they begin working with me.
Consistency is key if you expect a certain behavior when you give a specific command. For instance, if your dog gets into the trash, and one time you yell, “No, Fluffy, get out of the trash,” and the next time you say, “Darn it, Fluffy, how many times do I have to tell you?”—you’re not teaching your dog anything except maybe to wait until you’re out of the kitchen to get into the trash. Instead, I use a consistent command like “leave it,” ensure the dog moves away, and reward it when it does. I take this a step further by putting the dog on a leash, placing something tempting, like a piece of meat, on top of the trash, and waiting for the dog to try and get it. The key is to prevent the dog from rewarding itself by getting the meat, which is why I use a leash (and sometimes an e-collar, though it’s not mandatory). When the dog resists the temptation, I immediately reward it with a piece of the meat. I repeat this process, gradually rewarding less frequently. Over time, the dog learns that ignoring the trash may lead to a reward, but trying to take it results in nothing.
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