06/27/2022
🇸🇪🇸🇪 ICEEP RESEARCH 🇸🇪🇸🇪 presented by Victoria Walker
EFFECT OF WALKING OVER GROUND AND RAISED POLES VERSUS NO POLES ON EQUINE LIMB AND BACK KINEMATICS
V. Walker, R. Murray, R. MacKechnie-guire, J. Spear, R. Newton and C. Tranquille
Walking over raised-poles (RP) is often recommended for equine rehabilitation and strengthening, but there is limited information on movement patterns in horses walking over poles. 41 horses (mean age ± SD:9±5 yrs; mean height ± SD:148±12 cm) deemed clinically sound by an orthopaedic specialist, wore 36 hemispherical markers at predetermined sites, and inertial-measurement-units (IMUs) fixed to the poll/withers/tuber coxae (TC)/sacrum. Three lanes were set- up in a waxed-sand-fibre surface arena: (1) no poles (NP); (2) five ground-poles (GP); (3) five RP. Horses walked in-hand four times down each lane at their own comfortable pace; half started with NP and the other half started over RP in randomised order. High-speed-motion-capture (240 Hz) and digital-image-analysis software were used to measure limb joint angles at mid-stance and mid-swing. Spinal kinematics were determined using IMU data. Descriptive statistics, and univariable/multivariable-mixed-effects-linear-regression analyses were performed, with horse included as a random effect term to account within animal repeated measures; a significance value of P≤0.05 was used. A significant increase in joint range-of-motion (increase 0.6-60.8°/joint) and mid-swing flexion of the fetlock, carpus, elbow, shoulder, tarsus, stifle and hip (increase 2-34°/joint) when walking over GP/RP compared to NP. The withers/sacrum/left and right TCs moved significantly more in a mediolateral direction and significantly less in a craniocaudal direction when walking over GP/RP compared to NP (P≤0.0001 for all variables). The changes over GP/RP may be due to stepping up over the poles: increasing limb flexion, increasing lateral bend and inducing rotation/tilting of the pelvis. This information can help direct rehabilitation/training programmes.