04/25/2024
Admit it.
You try to show your dogs love with food. Eggs for breakfast, a bit of fat off your steak, a Kong filled daily with peanut butter, a chunk of cheese, a heaping bowl of dog food left out all day, and every soft, chewy, delectable treat you find in the store. Then you get to your pet's yearly appointment, and the vet says your dog is overweight- straight up or politely with words like "chunky monkey". Your veterinarian is not looking at your dog's actual weight and deciding that. Your vet is looking at your dog's body shape, feeling the amount of fat over the ribs and spine, and assigning your dog a body condition score value. They take that value and compare it to the body weight to determine how many pounds overweight they are.
Vets hate telling you your dog is overweight because people become very defensive. The response we always hear is, "But doc, they don't eat that much."
Where are the extra calories coming from? Doing a little self-reflection and math makes it easy to see why it's happening.
Let's use a 20lb dog as an example.
The average 20lb dog (healthy body condition score of 4-5/9) needs 500 calories per day with moderate exercise.
The average regular dry dog food contains anywhere from 360-420 calories per cup. You fill your dog's bowl without measuring, which is closer to 2-3 cups per day because an actual cup of food is relatively small.We will be conservative and say you put 1.5 cups of lower-calorie food in the bowl per day = 540 calories.
Now. Let's add in the extras.
1 TABLESPOON of peanut butter is 100 calories (fill a kong and can easily be 400-500 cals)
1 oz of cheese is 100 calories
1 Medium Milkbone is 125 calories
1 Egg is 79 calories
1 Large Greenie Chew is 145 calories
1 Medium Dentabone 188 calories
½ ounce of beef fat is 100 calories (and going to give pancreatitis someday)
So let's again be conservative and say your dog eats 540 calories of dog food and 1 milk bone per day for a total of 665 calories per day. However, that 500-calorie per day requirement is for a moderately active dog. Your dog lays on the couch most of the day and only takes a slow leash walk around a few blocks or is a breed prone to obesity issues like pugs, beagles, Yorkies, bulldogs, Frenchies, Bichons, etc, and only really needs 400 calories per day. So now your dog is getting an extra 225 calories per day, 1575 calories per week, 47,250 per month, and 567,000 per year.
And that's why 70% of the dogs we see are obese.
So, your dog's overweight. What should you do?
FIRST. Admit there's a problem and that many health issues can develop, such as mobility issues, pancreatitis, breathing difficulties, hormonal issues, grooming and hygiene issues, etc. Be committed and receptive to fixing the situation. Go back for suggested weight rechecks.
SECOND. Use an actual measuring cup to measure your dog's portion of food. Like us, we often grossly overestimate how much they are eating by eyeballing the amount of food we put in the bowl. Most people fill a bowl all day and let the dog graze. Dogs should be fed a measured amount of food 2-3 times per day. This is also helpful for monitoring for illness as changes in eating habits are noticed much quicker. Also, remember to feed your dog the amount of food for the size dog it should be, NOT it's current weight if its overweight. Your veterinarian can help guide you on an ideal body weight goal after assigning a body condition score number and comparing that to the dog's current weight.
THIRD. Stop buying commercial treats and replace them with frozen vegetables and occasional fruits like blueberries or apple pieces. Dogs tend to love ice cubes, so even those who don't love a fresh green bean tend to like the frozen texture. I personally believe dogs should be eating some fresh/frozen vegetables regularly. There are just some micronutrients that need to come from fresh. As always with any new food, introduce vegetables and fruits slowly. Fill the kong with frozen green beans and a few frozen blueberries and then freeze that with water to make a healthy snack instead of high fat peanut butter or cheese.
1 cup of Green Beans is 43 calories
1 cup of Blueberries is 76 calories
1 cup of Broccoli is 49 calories
1 cup of Frozen peas is 55 calories.
Fourth – STOP GIVING TABLESCRAPS.
Human food is very high in fat, calories, and sodium!!!! The quickest way to a fat dog is to feed them off your plate. The only advice I have here is don't do it. Not only calories, but fatty, rich foods are a major cause of pancreatitis. Pancreatitis can cause lifelong issues and even death. This becomes particularly problematic as the dog ages. It's no different than your own digestion....that fatty junk food you ate in your twenties now gives you heartburn and gallbladder attacks in your forties and fifties.