05/11/2023
Shared by ASPCA
Allergy Medications that are Toxic for Pets
blister pack of several pink pills
The weather is warming up, flowers are blooming, and the days are getting longer. While spring is often welcomed and enjoyable, it can also bring the struggles of allergy season for many. Here are some toxins lurking in your allergy medications that could harm pets.
Pseudoephedrine: Pseudoephedrine is a decongestant medication that can be purchased alone or in combination with other pain relievers, cough suppressants, and allergy medications. When ingested by pets, pseudoephedrine can cause stimulatory signs such as hyperactivity, agitation, restless behavior, increased heart rate, and blood pressure. In large exposures, neurologic signs such as tremors and seizures, are also possible.
Phenylephrine: Phenylephrine is like pseudoephedrine in that it can be purchased alone or in combination with other medications. When pets ingest in sufficient quantities, phenylephrine can also cause stimulatory cardiac and neurologic signs that can require veterinary care.
Decongestant Nasal Sprays and Redness Relief Eye Drops: Some nasal sprays and eye drops contain decongestants such as oxymetazoline, xylometazoline, tetrahydrozoline, and naphazoline. These are meant to help constrict local blood vessels, decreasing congestion and redness. When ingested by pets, these ingredients are rapidly absorbed and can cause vomiting, weakness, panting, agitation, and serious changes to heart rate and blood pressure, even in very small quantities.
Cough Drops with Xylitol: Cough drops often contain sweeteners in the form of sugar derivatives or sugar alcohols. One sugar alcohol, known as xylitol, can cause gastrointestinal upset, low blood sugar, and even liver damage when ingested by dogs.
Sometimes over-the-counter (OTC) allergy medications are recommended by veterinarians, such as cetirizine or diphenhydramine. Only administer OTC medications under the direct instruction of a veterinary professional and pay close attention to ensure there are no other active or inactive ingredients of concern in the formulation.
If you believe your pet has ingested a toxin, call your veterinarian immediately. The ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (APCC) also provides a 24-hour veterinary diagnostic and treatment hotline staffed by highly trained veterinarians. Call 888-426-4435 for assistance.
